scholarly journals Intravascular Fasciitis of the Jugular Vein Mimicking Thrombosis and Sarcoma: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Xin Chen ◽  
Chu Wen Chen ◽  
Xiao Rong Wen ◽  
Bin Huang
Keyword(s):  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Spindle Cells ◽  
Neoplastic Lesion ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Proliferative Lesion ◽  
Subcutaneous Mass ◽  
Uncommon Case ◽  
Intravascular Fasciitis

Background: Intravascular fasciitis is a rare disease that is a reactive proliferative lesion of myofibroblasts. There are rare reports that intravascular fasciitis has invaded the jugular vein as seen in this case.Case Presentation: A 41-year-old female presented with right neck dull pain for 20 days. The appearance of the subcutaneous mass was oval, pink hyaline, well-demarcated, and measuring ~5 mm in diameter. Microscopically, the mass was composed of spindle cells arranged in intersecting fascicles. Immunohistochemical stains showed that the spindle cells were positive for smooth muscle actin and negative for S-100, Desmin, MyoD1, and elastin stains. The nuclei of the spindle cells were relatively uniform, and mitotic activity was observed. The overall morphological and immunohistochemical features are consistent with intravascular fasciitis.Conclusion: Due to the rapid growth and vascular invasion, intravascular fasciitis created a high risk of misdiagnosing it as a sarcoma or thrombosis. Reporting this uncommon case, we raise awareness of this non-neoplastic lesion, and careful, light microscopic examination combined with immunohistochemical staining aids in the diagnosis of intravascular fasciitis.

Primary Smooth Muscle Tumor of Breast: An Unusual Case Presentation

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S41-S41
Author(s):  
S Shawn Liu ◽  
Krutika Patel ◽  
Donna Lynn Dyess ◽  
Andrea Kahn
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Spindle Cell ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Muscle Differentiation ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Significant Past Medical History ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Spindle Cells ◽  
Smooth Muscle Differentiation

Abstract Introduction Primary smooth muscle tumors (SMT) of the breast are rare with leiomyosarcomas representing less than 0.1% of all malignant breast tumors. Case Presentation A 58-year-old female with no significant past medical history noted on screening mammography to have a circumscribed 6-mm nodule in the right breast, upper outer quadrant. Core needle biopsy showed a spindle cell neoplasm with smooth muscle differentiation. The excisional biopsy showed a 6-mm lesion composed of atypical hyperchromatic spindle cells in fascicles, marked nuclear pleomorphism, and 5 mitoses per 10 high-power fields. By immunohistochemistry, the spindle cells were positive for smooth muscle actin, desmin, and negative for S-100 and cytokeratin AE1/AE3. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography of head/neck, chest, abdomen, and pelvis did not identify other neoplasms. Despite the lesion size, findings were supportive of a leiomyosarcoma. Discussion Breast SMTs have nonspecific clinical or imaging features. Histologically, these present as spindle cell tumors with smooth muscle differentiation. Initial workup starts with distinction between benign and malignant neoplasms. The malignant SMTs are usually large tumors with cytologic atypia and mitotic activity used as diagnostic criteria. In addition, the distinction between primary and metastasis is important and frequently relies on clinical history and exclusion of other primary origins by radiographic survey. In the current case, although the tumor size is unusually small, the histological features and absence of other primary malignancies support the diagnosis of a leiomyosarcoma. Conclusion Primary leiomyosarcoma of breast is extremely uncommon with less than 70 cases reported in the literature. Although they are usually large tumors, this diagnosis should be included in the differential diagnosis when smooth muscle differentiation, significant atypia, and mitoses are encountered in a spindle cell tumor of the breast.

scholarly journals Chondroblastoma of bone: case presentation, immunohistochemistry findings and literature review

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Adelina-Maria Cohn ◽  
Simona Costache ◽  
Doina Mihaela Pop
Keyword(s):  
Male Patient ◽  
Proximal Humerus ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Radiologic Findings ◽  
Neoplastic Lesion ◽  
Chondroid Matrix

Chondroblastoma is a rare benign cartilage-producing tu­mor, with an incidence of approximatively 1% of all pri­ma­ry bone tumors. It arises mostly in the second decade of life, affecting mainly the ends of the long tubular bones. We present two cases of chondroblastoma diagnosed and trea­ted in the “Foişor” Orthopedics, Traumatology and Oes­teo­articular TB Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania. The purpose of this study is to contrast two different forms of presentation of the same histologic entity: one case of a 19-year-old male patient with a chondroblastoma lo­ca­ted in the proximal humerus, and the case of a 37-year-old male patient with a chondroblastoma of the cal­ca­neus. The mor­phological fea­tures, radiologic aspects and im­mu­no­his­tochemical stu­dies have been assessed. None of the cases presented with spe­ci­fic radiologic signs for chondroblastoma, both lesions being osteolytic and well-delineated, in favor of a benign en­ti­ty. The classic mor­pho­lo­gical aspects of chondroblastoma re­pre­sen­ted by tumor cells with round poly­gonal shape and nuclei with longitudinal grooves were as­so­cia­ted with variable amounts of chondroid matrix, pe­ri­cellular calcification and few randomly distributed osteo­clast-like giant cells. The im­mu­no­his­to­chemical studies showed the osteoblastic and chon­dro­blastic phenotype of the neoplastic cells, sustained by positivity for CD56 and S100. DOG1, cytokeratin 8/18 and smooth muscle actin (SMA) were also found focally po­si­tive. All cases were treated by curettage with bone graf­ting, without recurrence in the short-term follow-up. Given the nonspecific radiologic findings and the histologic he­te­ro­ge­nei­ty, chondroblastoma is sometimes misinterpreted as a ma­lig­nant tumor, while this neoplastic lesion has a benign be­havior and benefits from conservative surgical treatment only.

Primary Prostatic Leiomyosarcoma With Pulmonary Metastases in a Dog

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Bacci ◽  
Massimo Vignoli ◽  
Federica Rossi ◽  
Francesco Gallorini ◽  
Rossella Terragni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunohistochemical Staining ◽  
Pulmonary Metastases ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Intact Male ◽  
Spindle Cells ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Tomography Scan

A 6-year-old, intact male Jack Russell terrier was diagnosed with a mass in the caudal abdomen, and ultrasound revealed a large prostatic mass. A total-body computed tomography scan was performed for staging, and lung nodules were detected. Histological examination showed a proliferation of spindle cells arranged in interlacing fascicles. Immunohistochemical staining revealed cells were cytokeratin negative and immunoreactive for vimentin and α-smooth muscle actin; cells stained with desmin and S-100 were negative. A diagnosis of primary prostatic leiomyosarcoma with pulmonary metastases was made. This is one of the rare cases of primary prostatic mesenchymal tumor in the canine species.

scholarly journals Inflammatory fibroid polyp: an immunohistochemical study

2004 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilda da Cunha Santos ◽  
Venâncio A.F. Alves ◽  
Alda Wakamatsu ◽  
Sérgio Zucoloto
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Factor Viii ◽  
Immunohistochemical Study ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Inflammatory Fibroid Polyp ◽  
Spindle Cells ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Fibroid Polyp

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory fibroid polyp is a localized lesion, which arises in the submucosa of the gastrointestinal tract, most often in the stomach.Although it is generally believed to represent a reactive, nonneoplastic condition, its histogenesis remains controversial. AIM: To study inflammatory fibroid polyp by immunohistochemistry in an attempt to further clarify their histogenesis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Nine cases were studied by immunohistochemistry using a panel of antibodies against smooth-muscle actin, vimentin, S-100 protein, factor VIII- R.Ag and macrophage (HAM-56). RESULTS: There was a strong diffuse positive staining pattern in the spindle cells with vimentin antibody. A patchy staining for smooth-muscle actin was observed in these cells. Immunophenotyping revealed a heterogeneous reaction with HAM-56. In edematous areas, HAM-56-positive cells show voluminous cytoplasm and reniform nuclei. In cell-rich areas, the HAM-56-positive cells had fusiform cytoplasm. Stains for S-100 and factor VIII RAg were negative in the proliferating elements. CONCLUSIONS: The present immunohistochemical study refutes the suggested neural or vascular nature of the lesion. The strong positivity for vimentin in all cases suggests a major component of spindle cells best recognizable as fibroblasts. These results would favor the existence of a span of morphological and immunohistochemical patterns possibly indicating evolutive phases of an inflammatory reaction.

Amianthoid Myofibroblastoma of the Soft Tissues

1997 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 862-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Corsi ◽  
Francesca Diomedi Camassei ◽  
Cesare Bosman
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Epithelial Membrane Antigen ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Protein Factor ◽  
Spindle Cells ◽  
Spindle Cell Proliferation ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Clinicopathologic Findings ◽  
Male Sex

Myofibroblastoma (MF) is an uncommon, usually benign, mesenchymal tumor infrequently described in soft tissues. We report here on the clinicopathologic findings of a soft tissue MF (STMF) presenting in the neck of a 90-year-old man as a slowly growing and non-painful nodule, 4 cm in greatest diameter. Histology revealed a circumscribed lesion constituted of monomorphous bipolar spindle cells arranged in swirling fascicles with intervening broad bands of hyalinized collagen and well formed “amianthoid” fibers. Immunohistochemistry showed the spindle cells to be immunoreactive for vimentin, smooth muscle actin and muscle specific actin and, focally, for desmin; im-munostaining for cytokeratin, epithelial membrane antigen, S-100 protein, factor VIII-related antigen, and CD34 was negative. Based on the present case and on those previously reported in the literature, STMF is characterized by: 1) exclusive incidence in the male sex; 2) variable immunoreactivity of the neoplastic cells for desmin, probably reflecting an origin from a peculiar subset of myofibroblasts, or, alternatively, a further myoid differentiation; 3) variable abundance of (hyalinized) collagen; 4) presence of amianthoid fibers. The combination of desmin immunoreactivity, frequently observed in MF of the breast, and amianthoid fibers, the main feature of MF of the lymph nodes, has never been observed in soft tissue MF. It is important to recognize STMF as a specific clinicopathologic entity to avoid confusion with other types of spindle cell proliferation and to differentiate it from other types of myofibromatosis.

scholarly journals Endobronchial Perineurioma: An Unusual Soft Tissue Lesion in an Unreported Location

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Lisa Duncan ◽  
Daryl R. Tharp ◽  
Paul Branca ◽  
Jim Lyons
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Epithelial Membrane Antigen ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Benign Neoplasm ◽  
Spindle Cells ◽  
First Case ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Endobronchial Lesion ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cytoplasmic Processes

We report the first case of an endobronchial perineurioma, a rare benign neoplasm typically occurring in soft tissue. A 53-year-old nonsmoking female presented with a three-month history of persistent bronchitis. A CT scan followed by bronchoscopy demonstrated an endobronchial lesion involving the left mainstem bronchus. Removal of the lesion by bronchoscopy was accomplished. The tumor was composed of bland spindle cells in a variably collagenized stroma. These cells had long cytoplasmic processes. No mitotic activity or necrosis was observed. Neoplastic cells were immunoreactive for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), CD34, and claudin-1. Smooth muscle actin (SMA), desmin, and S-100 immunostains were all negative. Based on the morphologic appearance and immunophenotype, a diagnosis of perineurioma was rendered.

scholarly journals Desmoplastic melanoma morphology on Thinprep: a report of two cases

CytoJournal ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Becky L Van Ells ◽  
James E Madory ◽  
Rana S Hoda
Keyword(s):  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Excellent Correlation ◽  
Cytoplasmic Staining ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Fibrous Stroma ◽  
Desmoplastic Melanoma ◽  
Spindle Cells ◽  
First Case ◽  
S 100 ◽  
History Of

Background Desmoplastic melanoma is a variant of malignant melanoma that can range in appearance from sarcomatoid to scar-like. Cytomorphology of desmoplastic melanoma has been previously described on conventional smears; however, to our knowledge, detailed cytomorphology on ThinPrep has so far not been described. Herein, we describe the cytomorphology of two cases of desmoplastic melanoma on fine needle aspiration processed as ThinPrep slides and compare it to that seen on conventional smears. Pertinent immunocytochemical stains, performed on ThinPrep slides are also discussed. Case presentation The first case is a woman with a history of desmoplastic melanoma of the scalp with previous local recurrences and lymph node metastasis with a new submandibular mass. The second case is a man with a previously resected desmoplastic melanoma with his first local recurrence. Conventional smears, including air-dried Diff-Quik-stained and alcohol-fixed Papanicolaou-stained smears, demonstrated aggregates of pleomorphic spindle cells admixed with fibrous stroma and single spindle cells. In both cases, nuclei were elongated and plump with irregular nuclear contours, deep grooves, and folds. Chromatin was dark and coarse with either inconspicuous or multiple prominent nucleoli. Cytoplasm was located at the nuclear poles and was fine, wispy, and delicate. The background was clean with no evidence of necrosis or melanin pigment. Papanicolaou-stained ThinPrep slides were prepared from needle rinses and demonstrated excellent correlation of nuclear and cytoplasmic detail of single spindle cells to that seen on conventional smears with the exception of only slight decrease in nuclear size; however, nuclear and cytoplasmic detail of spindle cells embedded in stroma was markedly attenuated. Confirmatory immunostain for S-100 protein in both cases was performed on ThinPrep slides demonstrating crisp cytoplasmic staining in the spindle cells. Conclusion The cytomorphology of desmoplastic melanoma shows excellent correlation between cytomorphology of single spindle cells on conventional smears and on ThinPrep slides. The major difference noted on ThinPrep slides was attenuated nuclear and cytoplasmic detail of spindle cells embedded in fibrous stoma.

scholarly journals Plexiform Schwannoma of the Tongue in a Pediatric Patient with Neurofibromatosis Type 2: A Case Report and Review of Literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Samir M. Amer ◽  
Aijan Ukudeyeva ◽  
Harold S. Pine ◽  
Gerald A. Campbell ◽  
Cecilia G. Clement
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Patient ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type 2 ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Plexiform Schwannoma ◽  
S 100 ◽  
History Of

Introduction. Plexiform schwannoma is a rare variant of schwannoma that accounts for only 5% of all schwannomas. Herein, we present a rare case of plexiform schwannoma of the tongue in a pediatric patient with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2). Case Presentation. A 13-year-old female presented with a growing left-sided tongue mass. The patient has a past medical history of NF2. The tongue mass was excised and histopathological examination revealed a spindle cell tumor with multinodular growth pattern, with Verocay bodies' formation. Tumor cells were strongly positive for S-100 protein and negative for smooth muscle actin (SMA), and EMA highlighted perineural fibroblasts surrounding tumor nodules. These findings were diagnostic of plexiform schwannoma. Conclusion. Plexiform schwannoma of the tongue is an extremely rare tumor seen in patients with NF2. Clinical examination and histopathological evaluation are important for diagnosis of plexiform schwannoma.

scholarly journals Cytologic findings in malignant myoepithelioma: a case report and review of the literature

CytoJournal ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torill Sauer
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Metaplastic Carcinoma ◽  
Ground Substance ◽  
Fatty Tissue ◽  
High Power Field ◽  
Histologic Diagnosis ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Mitotic Figures ◽  
Epithelial Lesion

Background Myoepithelioma of the breast is a rare tumor and the cytologic features have only been described in one previous report. Case presentation The present case comprises a 70 year old woman with a mammographic equivocal and ultrasonographic suspicious lesion. The aspirates were cellular and consisted mainly of single spindle or polymorphic, polygonal cells. The nuclei were generally large, ranging from 2 - > 5 × RBC. Most nuclei had a distinct medium-sized nucleolus. The nuclear outlines were irregular with buds and folds. The chromatin was granular. In the background there was abundant granular metachromatic ground substance and some metachromatic stromal fragments. A few mitotic figures were found. The cytologic diagnosis was suspicious for malignancy and a metaplastic carcinoma where only the non-epithelial component had been aspirated, or a non-epithelial lesion, was suggested. Macroscopically the tumor was round, seemingly well circumscribed, firm and with a white cut surface. The lesion consisted of spindled and polygonal cells with distinct pleomorphism. There were 6–9 mitoses per high power field (HPF). The tumor infiltrated in the surrounding fatty tissue. On immunohistochemistry, tumor cells were positive for smooth muscle actin, keratin MNF 116 and vimentin. Desmin and S-100 were negative. Ultrastructurally, there were abundant tonofilaments, including globular filamentous bodies and granulated endocytoplasmic reticulum with many dilated cisterns. The histologic diagnosis was malignant myoepithelioma. Conclusion The case mirrors completely the WHO definition and the previous cytological and histological descriptions of malignant myoepitheliomas in the literature which describe a spindle cell population with unequivocal nuclear atypia, metachromatic background substance and mitoses.

Gangliocytic Paraganglioma of the Duodenum: Case Report

1987 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Dante ◽  
Giuseppe Viale ◽  
Paolo Dalla Palma
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Ganglion Cells ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Gangliocytic Paraganglioma ◽  
Spindle Cells ◽  
S 100 ◽  
Neurofilament 200

A case of gangliocytic paraganglioma of the second portion of the duodenal loop is presented. The tumor was polypoid and, histologically, composed of mature ganglion cells, spindle cells and epithelial-like cells. Immunocytochemical examination demonstrated the presence of neurofilament 200 K and S-100 protein only in the first two types of cells; all the cells were positive for neuron-specific enolase. The reaction for cytokeratin was negative in all neoplastic components. According to morphologic and immunocytochemical findings, we suggest a hamartomatous nature of this entity.

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