scholarly journals Editorial: Bridging Science and Policy for Surveillance, Economics and Social Sciences: ICAHS and ISESSAH 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lis Alban ◽  
Carola Sauter-Louis ◽  
Victoria J. Brookes ◽  
Chris J. M. Bartels ◽  
Bouda Vosough Ahmadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Science And Policy

scholarly journals Towards transdisciplinary decision-support processes in fisheries: experiences and recommendations from a multidisciplinary collective of researchers

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Claire Macher ◽  
Nathalie A. Steins ◽  
Marta Ballesteros ◽  
Marloes Kraan ◽  
Katia Frangoudes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Knowledge Integration ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Science And Policy ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Stakeholder Partnerships

The shifting policy focus towards Ecosystem Based Management in Fisheries (EBFM) requires the integration of knowledge and disciplines and the engagement of stakeholders to support decision-making processes. Scientists contribute to this through (i) participatory research projects, (ii) stakeholder partnerships and (iii) institutional scientific advice processes. Understanding the role of scientists in such processes, the nature of the interactions between scientists, stakeholders and managers in knowledge integration and the link between science and policy is an emerging field of research addressing transdisciplinary challenges. In 2018, Ifremer-UMR AMURE organized the workshop ‘Science, Partnership and Decision-support in Fisheries’ bringing together international scientists from natural and social sciences to conduct a review based on twenty concrete case studies. Findings indicate that science-stakeholder-manager partnerships for decision-support in fisheries can play an essential role in the transition to EBFM. To foster this transition, eight recommendations are presented that cover the roles of the different participants, the expectations of partnerships, capacity building, the integration of the social sciences, and funding structures. Further, it is recommended that future research and innovation framework programmes into sustainable fisheries and other ocean uses should explicitly include mechanisms to foster transdisciplinary approaches and the development of best practices. Building-up networks and developing reflexive approaches to review experiences and practices for transdisciplinary approaches in EFBM decision-support will contribute to design the next generation transdisciplinary platforms and generating actionable knowledge towards EBFM.

The Real Gold Standard: Measuring Counterfactual Worlds That Matter Most to Social Science and Policy

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel S. Nagin ◽  
Robert J. Sampson
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
System Level ◽  
Science And Policy ◽  
Treatment Regimes ◽  
Causal Understanding ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cognitive Narrowing

The randomized experiment has achieved the status of the gold standard for estimating causal effects in criminology and the other social sciences. Although causal identification is indeed important and observational data present numerous challenges to causal inference, we argue that conflating causality with the method used to identify it leads to a cognitive narrowing that diverts attention from what ultimately matters most—the difference between counterfactual worlds that emerge as a consequence of their being subjected to different treatment regimes applied to all eligible population members over a sustained period of time. To address this system-level and long-term challenge, we develop an analytic framework for integrating causality and policy inference that accepts the mandate of causal rigor but is conceptually rather than methodologically driven. We then apply our framework to two substantive areas that have generated high-visibility experimental research and that have considerable policy influence: ( a) hot-spots policing and ( b) the use of housing vouchers to reduce concentrated disadvantage and thereby crime. After reviewing the research in these two areas in light of our framework, we propose a research path forward and conclude with implications for the interplay of theory, data, and causal understanding in criminology and other social sciences.

scholarly journals Communicating Intelligence Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Jonathan Wai
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Research Translation ◽  
Science And Policy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Rosetta Stone ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Multiple Levels

Despite intelligence research being among the most replicable bodies of empirical findings—a Rosetta stone across the social sciences—the communication of intelligence research with non-intelligence researchers and the public remains a challenge, especially given ongoing public controversies throughout the history of the field. Hunt argued that “we have a communication problem.” This article is a call for intelligence researchers to consider communication at multiple levels—communication with other intelligence researchers, communication with non-intelligence researchers, and communication with the public, defined here as policymakers, practitioners, students, and general readers. It discusses ongoing tensions between academic freedom and social responsibility and provides suggestions for thinking about communication and effective research translation and implementation of intelligence research from the frameworks of science and policy research communication. It concludes with some recommendations for effective communication and stresses the importance of incentivizing more scholars to responsibly seek to educate and engage with multiple publics about the science of intelligence.

Citizen social science and policy making

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liz Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Citizen Science ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Science And Policy ◽  
The Social

The author argues that there is a growing capacity in the social sciences to include people not as subjects but as active participants in research. This approach has a complex history in the social sciences that needs to be understood, but it is emerging in a modern from as a viable technique for discovery, especially among hard-to-reach groups. Examples of citizen science will be presented and the strengths and weaknesses of the technique explored.

What Can We Learn From Factorial Surveys About Human Behavior?

Methodology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Knut Petzold ◽  
Tobias Wolbring
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Actual Behavior ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Factorial Survey ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Intended Behavior ◽  
The Social ◽  
Survey Experiments ◽  
High Level

Abstract. Factorial survey experiments are increasingly used in the social sciences to investigate behavioral intentions. The measurement of self-reported behavioral intentions with factorial survey experiments frequently assumes that the determinants of intended behavior affect actual behavior in a similar way. We critically investigate this fundamental assumption using the misdirected email technique. Student participants of a survey were randomly assigned to a field experiment or a survey experiment. The email informs the recipient about the reception of a scholarship with varying stakes (full-time vs. book) and recipient’s names (German vs. Arabic). In the survey experiment, respondents saw an image of the same email. This validation design ensured a high level of correspondence between units, settings, and treatments across both studies. Results reveal that while the frequencies of self-reported intentions and actual behavior deviate, treatments show similar relative effects. Hence, although further research on this topic is needed, this study suggests that determinants of behavior might be inferred from behavioral intentions measured with survey experiments.

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