scholarly journals Additive effects of physical exercise and environmental enrichment on adult hippocampal neurogenesis in mice

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Fabel
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Environmental Enrichment ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Additive Effects

scholarly journals Shaping hippocampal neurogenesis: exercising the brain with cannabinoids

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui S Rodrigues ◽  
Joao B. Moreira ◽  
Ana M. Sebastião ◽  
Carlos P. Fitzsimons ◽  
Sara Xapelli
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Neurotrophic Factors ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Mammalian Brain ◽  
Potential Conflict ◽  
Brain Physiology ◽  
The Brain

Adult neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPC) are present in specialized niches of the mammalian brain and their proliferative and differentiative potential is modulated by a myriad of factors. Recent evidence sheds light on the interaction between cannabinoids and neurotrophic factors underlying a major regulative force of adult hippocampal neurogenesis, with important effects upon cognitive plasticity and mood flexibility. Herein, we aimed at evaluating the actions of cannabinoid type 2 receptor (CB2R) together with exercise upon hippocampal neurogenesis and whether this has significant behavioral implications. Our data suggests a participation of CB2Rs in fine-tuning the actions of physical exercise upon adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Specifically, CB2R ligands as well as exercise-regulated neurotrophic factors promote an acceleration in the differentiation of progenitor cells accompanied by an increase in the number of mature neurons in vitro. Moreover, preliminary results show that CB2Rs play an impactful role in controlling cognitive and depressive-like behavior. This is particularly important because brain physiology and mental health are known to be greatly affected by physical exercise, with adult neurogenesis playing a significant role in this process. Ultimately, this work will contribute to unravel the mechanisms behind the actions of cannabinoids and exercise in the brain and to develop strategies utilizing CB2Rs and physical exercise to boost neural stem cell capacity and treat several brain disorders. Acknowledgements: Supported by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), projects SFRH/BD/129710/2017 and IF/01227/2015. No potential conflict of interest.

scholarly journals Selective increases in inter-individual variability in response to environmental enrichment in female mice

eLife ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia C Körholz ◽  
Sara Zocher ◽  
Anna N Grzyb ◽  
Benjamin Morisse ◽  
Alexandra Poetzsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Enrichment ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Multiple Parameters ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Suitable Animal Model ◽  
Brain And Behavior ◽  
And Behavior

One manifestation of individualization is a progressively differential response of individuals to the non-shared components of the same environment. Individualization has practical implications in the clinical setting, where subtle differences between patients are often decisive for the success of an intervention, yet there has been no suitable animal model to study its underlying biological mechanisms. Here we show that enriched environment (ENR) can serve as a model of brain individualization. We kept 40 isogenic female C57BL/6JRj mice for 3 months in ENR and compared these mice to an equally sized group of standard-housed control animals, looking at the effects on a wide range of phenotypes in terms of both means and variances. Although ENR influenced multiple parameters and restructured correlation patterns between them, it only increased differences among individuals in traits related to brain and behavior (adult hippocampal neurogenesis, motor cortex thickness, open field and object exploration), in agreement with the hypothesis of a specific activity-dependent development of brain individuality.

scholarly journals Delayed and Transient Increase of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis by Physical Exercise in DBA/2 Mice

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. e83797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupert W. Overall ◽  
Tara L. Walker ◽  
Odette Leiter ◽  
Sina Lenke ◽  
Susann Ruhwald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Transient Increase ◽  
Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis

scholarly journals Chronic AdipoRon Treatment Mimics the Effects of Physical Exercise on Restoring Hippocampal Neuroplasticity in Diabetic Mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas H Lee ◽  
Ahadullah ◽  
Brian R Christie ◽  
Kangguang Lin ◽  
Parco Ming-fai Siu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Spine Density ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Antidiabetic Effect

AbstractAdministration of exercise mimetic drugs could be a novel therapeutic approach to combat comorbid neurodegeneration and metabolic syndromes. Adiponectin is an adipocyte-secreted hormone. In addition to its antidiabetic effect, adiponectin mediates the antidepressant effect of physical exercise associated with adult hippocampal neurogenesis. The antidiabetic effect of the adiponectin receptor agonist AdipoRon has been demonstrated, but its potential pro-cognitive and neurotrophic effects in the hippocampus under diabetic condition are still unclear. This study reported that chronic AdipoRon treatment for 2 weeks improved hippocampal-dependent spatial recognition memory in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Besides, AdipoRon treatment increased progenitor cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) of diabetic mice. Furthermore, AdipoRon treatment significantly increased dendritic complexity, spine density, and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-dependent long-term potentiation (LTP) in the dentate region, and increased BDNF levels in the DG of diabetic mice. AdipoRon treatment activated AMPK/PGC-1α signalling in the DG, whereas increases in cell proliferation and LTP were not observed when PGC-1α signalling was pharmacologically inhibited. In sum, chronic AdipoRon treatment partially mimics the benefits of physical exercise for learning and memory and hippocampal neuroplasticity in the diabetic brain. The results suggested that AdipoRon could be a potential physical exercise mimetic to improve hippocampal plasticity and hence rescue learning and memory impairment typically associated with diabetes.

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