scholarly journals Long-Term Fertilization Affects Soil Microbiota, Improves Yield and Benefits Soil

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1664
Author(s):  
Felix R. Kurzemann ◽  
Ulrich Plieger ◽  
Maraike Probst ◽  
Heide Spiegel ◽  
Taru Sandén ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Fungal Community Composition ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Soil Microbiota

Fertilization of soil is needed to fulfill the growing demand for livestock feed and human food requirements. However, fertilization has short and long-term impacts on the soil microbiota. These, in turn, may influence plant viability and growth. We investigated the soil microbiota of a 27-year field trial, focusing on the influences of mineral nitrogen (N) fertilization, different composts and combinations of compost plus mineral N as soil amendments. Two N rates (0 and 80 kg per ha) and four different composts (urban organic waste compost (OWC) green waste compost (GC), farmyard manure (MC) compost and sewage sludge compost (SSC)) were used. Soil samples for this study were taken in 2018 after the growing season of maize. In addition to maize yield, the effects on soil physicochemical properties and the soil microbiota were analyzed. There was a trend for increased maize yields for all fertilizers; however, only the application of GC and SSC in combination with mineral N fertilizer showed significant effects. The different organic amendments influenced physicochemical soil properties. Phosphorus concentrations were three times higher in plots receiving SSC (≈312 mg kg−1) and SSC + N (≈297 mg kg−1) than control (≈89 mg kg−1) or mineral N fertilizer (≈97 mg kg−1) alone. Magnesium concentrations in plots treated with SSC (≈74 mg kg−1) were lower compared to soils treated with GC and MC, respectively (≈135 mg kg−1 and 126 mg kg−1). Bacteria exceeded the fungal community in terms of both richness and diversity. While the bacterial community composition differed significantly among the treatments, the fungal community composition was rather unaffected. Our conclusion is that composts produced from various substrates serve as valuable nutrient sources for plants and can partially substitute mineral N. In addition, composts increased soil microbial biomass and modulated the composition of the soil’s microbial community.

scholarly journals Responses of fungal community composition to long-term chemical and organic fertilization strategies in Chinese Mollisols

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. e00597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingchao Ma ◽  
Xin Jiang ◽  
Qingfeng Wang ◽  
Marc Ongena ◽  
Dan Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Fungal Community Composition

scholarly journals Tundra Type Drives Distinct Trajectories of Functional and Taxonomic Composition of Arctic Fungal Communities in Response to Climate Change – Results From Long-Term Experimental Summer Warming and Increased Snow Depth

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
József Geml ◽  
Luis N. Morgado ◽  
Tatiana A. Semenova-Nelsen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Snow Depth ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Fungal Community Composition ◽  
Summer Warming ◽  
Edaphic Variables

The arctic tundra is undergoing climate-driven changes and there are serious concerns related to the future of arctic biodiversity and altered ecological processes under possible climate change scenarios. Arctic land surface temperatures and precipitation are predicted to increase further, likely causing major transformation in terrestrial ecosystems. As a response to increasing temperatures, shifts in vegetation and soil fungal communities have already been observed. Little is known, however, how long-term experimental warming coupled with increased snow depth influence the trajectories of soil fungal communities in different tundra types. We compared edaphic variables and fungal community composition in experimental plots simulating the expected increase in summer warming and winter snow depth, based on DNA metabarcoding data. Fungal communities in the sampled dry and moist acidic tundra communities differed greatly, with tundra type explaining ca. one-third of compositional variation. Furthermore, dry and moist tundra appear to have different trajectories in response to climate change. Specifically, while both warming and increased snow depth had significant effects on fungal community composition and edaphic variables in dry tundra, the effect of increased snow was greater. However, in moist tundra, fungal communities mainly were affected by summer warming, while increased snow depth had a smaller effect and only on some functional groups. In dry tundra, microorganisms generally are limited by moisture in the summer and extremely low temperatures in winter, which is in agreement with the stronger effect of increased snow depth relative to warming. On the contrary, moist tundra soils generally are saturated with water, remain cold year-round and show relatively small seasonal fluctuations in temperature. The greater observed effect of warming on fungi in moist tundra may be explained by the narrower temperature optimum compared to those in dry tundra.

Fungal community composition in soils subjected to long-term chemical fertilization is most influenced by the type of organic matter

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 5137-5150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruibo Sun ◽  
Melissa Dsouza ◽  
Jack A. Gilbert ◽  
Xisheng Guo ◽  
Daozhong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Fungal Community Composition ◽  
Chemical Fertilization

scholarly journals Differential mechanisms underlying responses of soil bacterial and fungal communities to nitrogen and phosphorus inputs in a subtropical forest

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Li ◽  
Dashuan Tian ◽  
Jinsong Wang ◽  
Shuli Niu ◽  
Jing Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Subtropical Forest ◽  
Fungal Community Composition ◽  
Soil Bacterial ◽  
P Addition

Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition and phosphorus (P) addition both can change soil bacterial and fungal community structure with a consequent impact on ecosystem functions. However, which factor plays an important role in regulating responses of bacterial and fungal community to N and P enrichments remains unclear. We conducted a manipulative experiment to simulate N and P inputs (10 g N · m−2 · yr−1 NH4NO3 or 10 g P · m−2 · yr−1 NaH2PO4) and compared their effects on soil bacterial and fungal species richness and community composition. The results showed that the addition of N significantly increased NH4+ and Al3+ by 99.6% and 57.4%, respectively, and consequently led to a decline in soil pH from 4.18 to 3.75 after a 5-year treatment. P addition increased Al3+ and available P by 27.0% and 10-fold, respectively, but had no effect on soil pH. N addition significantly decreased bacterial species richness and Shannon index and resulted in a substantial shift of bacterial community composition, whereas P addition did not. Neither N nor P addition changed fungal species richness, Shannon index, and fungal community composition. A structural equation model showed that the shift in bacterial community composition was related to an increase in soil acid cations. The principal component scores of soil nutrients showed a significantly positive relationship with fungal community composition. Our results suggest that N and P additions affect soil bacterial and fungal communities in different ways in subtropical forest. These findings highlight how the diversity of microbial communities of subtropical forest soil will depend on future scenarios of anthropogenic N deposition and P enrichment, with a particular sensitivity of bacterial community to N addition.

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