scholarly journals A Survey of Spontaneous Antibiotic-Resistant Mutants of the Halophilic, Thermophilic Bacterium Rhodothermus marinus

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1384
Author(s):  
Sophia Silvia ◽  
Samantha A. Donahue ◽  
Erin E. Killeavy ◽  
Gerwald Jogl ◽  
Steven T. Gregory
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Ribosomal Subunit ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Thermophilic Bacterium ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
Rhodothermus Marinus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Resistant Mutants ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Mutants

Rhodothermus marinus is a halophilic extreme thermophile, with potential as a model organism for studies of the structural basis of antibiotic resistance. In order to facilitate genetic studies of this organism, we have surveyed the antibiotic sensitivity spectrum of R. marinus and identified spontaneous antibiotic-resistant mutants. R. marinus is naturally insensitive to aminoglycosides, aminocylitols and tuberactinomycins that target the 30S ribosomal subunit, but is sensitive to all 50S ribosomal subunit-targeting antibiotics examined, including macrolides, lincosamides, streptogramin B, chloramphenicol, and thiostrepton. It is also sensitive to kirromycin and fusidic acid, which target protein synthesis factors. It is sensitive to rifampicin (RNA polymerase inhibitor) and to the fluoroquinolones ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin (DNA gyrase inhibitors), but insensitive to nalidixic acid. Drug-resistant mutants were identified using rifampicin, thiostrepton, erythromycin, spiramycin, tylosin, lincomycin, and chloramphenicol. The majority of these were found to have mutations that are similar or identical to those previously found in other species, while several novel mutations were identified. This study provides potential selectable markers for genetic manipulations and demonstrates the feasibility of using R. marinus as a model system for studies of ribosome and RNA polymerase structure, function, and evolution.

Using spontaneous antibiotic-resistant mutants to assess competitiveness of bradyrhizobial inoculants for nodulation of soybean

1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 753-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha E Ramirez ◽  
Daniel W Israel ◽  
Arthur G Wollum II
Keyword(s):  
Parental Strain ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Rooting Zone ◽  
Soil Systems ◽  
Yeast Extract Mannitol ◽  
Soil Media ◽  
Resistant Mutants ◽  
Cape Fear ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Mutants

Spontaneous mutants (3/parental strain) of soybean bradyrhizobia resistant to streptomycin and erythromycin were selected from strains isolated from bradyrhizobial populations indigenous to Cape Fear and Dothan soils. These were used to evaluate (i) the validity of using antibiotic-resistant mutants to make inferences about the competitiveness of parental strains in soil environments and (ii) the recovery of strains in nodules after inoculation of soybeans grown in soils with indigenous bradyrhizobial populations. Streptomycin and erythromycin resistances of all mutants were stable after approximately 27 generations of growth in yeast extract - mannitol medium, but 33% of the mutants lost resistance to erythromycin upon passage through nodules. Only 17% of the mutants were as competitive as their parental strain when inoculated in a ratio near 1:1 in vermiculite. Four of 10 mutants, which differed in competitiveness from their parental strain in vermiculite, had competitiveness against the soil populations equal to that of their parental strain. Therefore, assessment of competitiveness of mutants and parental strains in non-soil media may not accurately reflect their competitiveness in soil systems. For both the Cape Fear and Dothan soils, recovery of a given mutant from nodules of field-grown plants was always lower than from nodules of plants grown in the greenhouse. Inoculation of the entire rooting zone in the greenhouse experiment and of only a portion of the rooting zone in the field experiments may account for this difference in recovery. Techniques that increase the volume of soil inoculated may enhance nodulation by inoculant strains.Key words: Bradyrizobium, antibiotic resistance, competition.

scholarly journals Slow growth determines nonheritable antibiotic resistance in Salmonella enterica

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (592) ◽  
pp. eaax3938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio H. Pontes ◽  
Eduardo A. Groisman
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Population ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Signaling Molecules ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Phenotypic Changes ◽  
Resistant Mutants ◽  
Persistent Bacteria ◽  
Small Subpopulation ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Mutants

Bacteria can withstand killing by bactericidal antibiotics through phenotypic changes mediated by their preexisting genetic repertoire. These changes can be exhibited transiently by a large fraction of the bacterial population, giving rise to tolerance, or displayed by a small subpopulation, giving rise to persistence. Apart from undermining the use of antibiotics, tolerant and persistent bacteria foster the emergence of antibiotic-resistant mutants. Persister formation has been attributed to alterations in the abundance of particular proteins, metabolites, and signaling molecules, including toxin-antitoxin modules, adenosine triphosphate, and guanosine (penta) tetraphosphate, respectively. Here, we report that persistent bacteria form as a result of slow growth alone, despite opposite changes in the abundance of such proteins, metabolites, and signaling molecules. Our findings argue that transitory disturbances to core activities, which are often linked to cell growth, promote a persister state regardless of the underlying physiological process responsible for the change in growth.

Competition for nodulation of field-grown soybeans by strains of Rhizobium fredii

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. McLoughlin ◽  
Scott G. Alt ◽  
P. Ann Owens ◽  
Corrine Fetherston
Keyword(s):  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
First Year ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Rhizobium Fredii ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Resistant Mutants ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Mutants

Nodulation of Glycine max (L) Merr. by six Rhizobium fredii strains was measured in two Midwestern fields containing high indigenous populations of Bradyrhizobium japonicum (3 × 105/gm soil). The soils were inoculated with antibiotic-resistant mutants using liquid inoculum at two levels on soybean cv. Peking and cv. Jacques 130. Strain establishment was measured 40 days after planting. In the first year, USDA206, USDA217, and USDA257 were the most competitive strains, occupying greater than 50% of the nodules on cv. Peking in both soils. None of the strains were competitive on Jacques 130. In the second growing season, all nodules were formed by the indigenous population on both cultivars, suggesting that these fast-growing strains do not persist in Midwestern soils.

Studies on associative nitrogen fixation by antibiotic-resistant mutants ofAzospirillum brasilensewith genotypes of lentil (Lens culinaris)Rhizobiumstrains in calcareous soil

1985 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Rai
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Uninoculated Control ◽  
Resistant Mutants ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Mutants

SummaryNitrosoguanidine-induced mutation frequencies for resistance to streptomycin, spectinomycin, erythromycin and novomycin were studied inAzospirillum brasilense.Lentil inoculated withA. brasilenseand its mutants andRhizobiumstrains produced increased nodule dry weight, nitrogenase activity of nodules and roots and grain yield compared with an uninoculated control.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document