scholarly journals Sirt1 and Sirt3 Activation Improved Cardiac Function of Diabetic Rats via Modulation of Mitochondrial Function

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 338
Author(s):  
Bugga Paramesha ◽  
Mohammed Soheb Anwar ◽  
Himanshu Meghwani ◽  
Subir Kumar Maulik ◽  
Sudheer Kumar Arava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Mitochondrial Biogenesis ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Oroxylin A ◽  
High Fructose Diet ◽  
Functional Parameters ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
High Fructose

In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of Sirt1, Sirt3 and combined activation in high fructose diet-induced insulin resistance rat heart and assessed the cardiac function focusing on mitochondrial health and function. We administered the Sirt1 activator; SRT1720 (5 mg/kg, i.p.), Sirt3 activator; Oroxylin-A (10 mg/kg i.p.) and the combination; SRT1720 + Oroxylin-A (5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg i.p.) daily from 12th week to 20th weeks of study. We observed significant perturbations of most of the cardiac structural and functional parameters in high fructose diet-fed animals. Administration of SRT1720 and Oroxylin-A improved perturbed cardiac structural and functional parameters by decreasing insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and improving mitochondrial function by enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis, OXPHOS expression and activity in high fructose diet-induced insulin-resistant rats. However, we could not observe the synergistic effect of SRT1720 and Oroxylin-A combination. Similar to in-vivo study, perturbed mitochondrial function and oxidative stress observed in insulin-resistant H9c2 cells were improved after activation of Sirt1 and Sirt3. We observed that Sirt1 activation enhances Sirt3 expression and mitochondrial biogenesis, and the opposite effects were observed after Sirt1 inhibition in cardiomyoblast cells. Taken together our results conclude that activation of Sirt1 alone could be a potential therapeutic target for diabetes-associated cardiovascular complications.

scholarly journals Effect of L-Carnitine on Skeletal Muscle Lipids and Oxidative Stress in Rats Fed High-Fructose Diet

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panchamoorthy Rajasekar ◽  
Carani Venkatraman Anuradha
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Intraperitoneal Administration ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Rat Tissues ◽  
High Fructose Diet ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

There is evidence that high-fructose diet induces insulin resistance, alterations in lipid metabolism, and oxidative stress in rat tissues. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of L-carnitine (CAR) on lipid accumulation and peroxidative damage in skeletal muscle of rats fed high-fructose diet. Fructose-fed animals (60 g/100 g diet) displayed decreased glucose/insulin (G/I) ratio and insulin sensitivity index (ISI0,120) indicating the development of insulin resistance. Rats showed alterations in the levels of triglycerides, free fatty acids, cholesterol, and phospholipids in skeletal muscle. The condition was associated with oxidative stress as evidenced by the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products, protein carbonyls, and aldehydes along with depletion of both enzymic and nonenzymic antioxidants. Simultaneous intraperitoneal administration of CAR (300 mg/kg/day) to fructose-fed rats alleviated the effects of fructose. These rats showed near-normal levels of the parameters studied. The effects of CAR in this model suggest that CAR supplementation may have some benefits in patients suffering from insulin resistance.

Trigonelline attenuates hepatic complications and molecular alterations in high-fat high-fructose diet-induced insulin resistance in rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nehal A. Afifi ◽  
Amer Ramadan ◽  
Emad Y. Erian ◽  
Dalia O. Saleh ◽  
Ahmed A. Sedik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Dna Cytometry ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Oxidative Stress Biomarkers ◽  
Hepatic Lipids ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Molecular Alterations ◽  
Stress Biomarkers ◽  
High Fructose

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of trigonelline (TRG) on the hepatic complications associated with high-fat high-fructose (HFHF) diet-induced insulin resistance (IR) in rats. IR was induced by giving a saturated fat diet and 10% fructose in drinking water to rats for 8 weeks. Insulin-resistant rats were orally treated with TRG (50 and 100 mg/kg), sitagliptin (SIT; 5 mg/kg), or a combination of TRG (50 mg/kg) and SIT (5 mg/kg) for 14 days. Liver homogenates were used for assessment of hepatic lipids, oxidative stress biomarkers, and inflammatory cytokines. Histopathological and DNA cytometry examinations were carried out for hepatic and pancreatic tissues. Hepatic tissues were examined using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy for assessment of any molecular changes. Results of the present study revealed that oral treatment of insulin-resistant rats with TRG or TRG in combination with SIT significantly decreased homeostatic model assessment of IR, hepatic lipids, oxidative stress biomarkers, and the inflammatory cytokines. TRG or TRG in combination with SIT ameliorated the histopathological, DNA cytometry, and molecular alterations induced by a HFHF diet. Finally, it can be concluded that TRG has beneficial effects on the hepatic complications associated with IR due to its hypoglycemic effect and antioxidant potential.

scholarly journals DPP-4 inhibitors improve cognition and brain mitochondrial function of insulin-resistant rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 218 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiranya Pintana ◽  
Nattayaporn Apaijai ◽  
Nipon Chattipakorn ◽  
Siriporn C Chattipakorn
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
Cognitive Behaviors ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Brain Mitochondrial Function

Recent evidence has demonstrated that insulin resistance is related to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Our previous study found that high-fat diet (HFD) consumption caused not only peripheral and brain insulin resistance but also brain mitochondrial dysfunction and cognitive impairment. Vildagliptin and sitagliptin, dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 inhibitors, are recently developed anti-diabetic drugs. However, the effects of both drugs on cognitive behaviors and brain mitochondrial function in HFD-induced insulin-resistant rats have not yet been investigated. Sixty male Wistar rats were divided into two groups to receive either normal diet or HFD for 12 weeks. Rats in each group were then further divided into three treatment groups to receive either vehicle, vildagliptin (3 mg/kg per day), or sitagliptin (30 mg/kg per day) for 21 days. The cognitive behaviors of the rats were tested using the Morris Water Maze test. Blood samples were collected to determine metabolic parameters and plasma oxidative stress levels. Upon completion of the study, the animals were killed and the brains were removed to investigate brain and hippocampal mitochondrial function as well as to determine oxidative stress levels. We demonstrated that both drugs significantly improved the metabolic parameters and decreased circulating and brain oxidative stress levels in HFD-induced insulin-resistant rats. In addition, both drugs completely prevented brain and hippocampal mitochondrial dysfunction and equally improved the learning behaviors impaired by the HFD. Our findings suggest that the inhibition of dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 enzymes with vildagliptin or sitagliptin in insulin-resistant rats not only increases peripheral insulin sensitivity but also decreases brain dysfunction.

Selenium-containing polysaccharides from Ziyang green tea ameliorate high-fructose diet induced insulin resistance and hepatic oxidative stress in mice

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 3342-3350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daoyuan Ren ◽  
Yuanyuan Hu ◽  
Yiyang Luo ◽  
Xingbin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
New Variety ◽  
High Fructose Diet ◽  
Hepatic Oxidative Stress ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Tea Polysaccharides

The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of selenium-containing tea polysaccharides (Se-GTP) from a new variety of selenium-enriched Ziyang green tea against high fructose (HF)-induced insulin resistance and hepatic oxidative stress in mice.

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