scholarly journals The Effect of Acute Oral Galactose Administration on the Redox System of the Rat Small Intestine

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Jan Homolak ◽  
Ana Babic Perhoc ◽  
Ana Knezovic ◽  
Jelena Osmanovic Barilar ◽  
Davor Virag ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Redox System ◽  
Dissociation Rate ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Galactose is a ubiquitous monosaccharide with important yet incompletely understood nutritive and physiological roles. Chronic parenteral d-galactose administration is used for modeling aging-related pathophysiological processes in rodents due to its ability to induce oxidative stress (OS). Conversely, chronic oral d-galactose administration prevents and alleviates cognitive decline in a rat model of sporadic Alzheimer’s disease, indicating that galactose may exert beneficial health effects by acting in the gut. The present aim was to explore the acute time-response of intestinal redox homeostasis following oral administration of d-galactose. Male Wistar rats were euthanized at baseline (n = 6), 30 (n = 6), 60 (n = 6), and 120 (n = 6) minutes following orogastric administration of d-galactose (200 mg/kg). The overall reductive capacity, lipid peroxidation, the concentration of low-molecular-weight thiols (LMWT) and protein sulfhydryls (SH), the activity of Mn and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutases (SOD), reduced and oxidized fractions of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphates (NADPH/NADP), and the hydrogen peroxide dissociation rate were analyzed in duodenum and ileum. Acute oral administration of d-galactose increased the activity of SODs and decreased intestinal lipid peroxidation and nucleophilic substrates (LMWT, SH, NADPH), indicating activation of peroxidative damage defense pathways. The redox system of the small intestine can acutely tolerate even high luminal concentrations of galactose (0.55 M), and oral galactose treatment is associated with a reduction rather than the increment of the intestinal OS. The ability of oral d-galactose to modulate intestinal OS should be further explored in the context of intestinal barrier maintenance, and beneficial cognitive effects associated with long-term administration of low doses of d-galactose.

scholarly journals Effects of Long-Term Administration of Lithium and Hydrochlorothiazide in Rats

1999 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicia Loghin ◽  
Adriana Olinic ◽  
Daniela-Saveta Popa ◽  
Carmen Socaciu ◽  
Sorin E. Leucuta
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Concomitant Administration ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Association Group ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Kidney Liver ◽  
Lithium Lactate

The biochemical and histological changes following 60 days administration of daily doses equivalent to 1/20 LD50 of lithium lactate and hydrochlorothiazide, as such and in association, were studied in male Wistar rats. No mortality or overt signs of toxicity were observed during the experiment and the serum activities of transaminases, alkaline phosphatase and cholinesterase were not significantly modified compared to controls. The histopathological examination of all the investigated organs: kidney, liver, brain and spleen, revealed significant lesions which were time-dependant and more pronounced in the association group. Although the changes were mostly inflammatory and conqestive, it was proved that the concomitant administration of lithium and hydrochlorothiazid is potentially dangerous, increasing lithium’s nephrotoxicity and the thiazide diuretic's hepatotoxicity.

scholarly journals Lipid peroxidation and apoptotic response in rat brain areas induced by long‐term administration of nandrolone: the mutual crosstalk between ROS and NF ‐ kB

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuela Turillazzi ◽  
Margherita Neri ◽  
Daniela Cerretani ◽  
Santina Cantatore ◽  
Paola Frati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Apoptotic Response ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Term Administration

Effects of long-term oral administration of melatonin on tear production, intraocular pressure, and tear and serum melatonin concentrations in healthy dogs

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Claudia Giannetto ◽  
Seyed Mehdi Rajaei ◽  
Arman Abdous ◽  
Hesam Ostadhasan ◽  
Hannah Emami Alagha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Melatonin Concentration ◽  
Tear Production ◽  
Schirmer Tear Test ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
Healthy Dogs ◽  
Collection Time

Abstract OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of long-term (30-day) oral administration of melatonin on tear production, intraocular pressure (IOP), and concentration of melatonin in the tears and serum of healthy dogs. ANIMALS 20 healthy sexually intact adult male dogs. PROCEDURES 10 dogs were given melatonin (0.3 mg/kg, PO, q 24 h, administered in food at 9 am), and 10 dogs were given a placebo. Tear and serum melatonin concentrations, IOP, and tear production (determined with a Schirmer tear test) were recorded before (baseline) and 30 minutes, 3 hours, and 5 hours after administration of melatonin or the placebo on day 1 and 30 minutes after administration of melatonin or the placebo on days 8, 15, and 30. RESULTS Data collection time had significant effects on tear production, IOP, and tear melatonin concentration but not on serum melatonin concentration. Treatment (melatonin vs placebo) had a significant effect on tear melatonin concentration, but not on tear production, IOP, or serum melatonin concentration; however, tear melatonin concentration was significantly different between groups only 30 minutes after administration on day 1 and not at other times. CLINICAL RELEVANCE In healthy dogs, long-term administration of melatonin at a dosage of 0.3 mg/kg, PO, every 24 hours did not have any clinically important effects on tear production, IOP, or serum or tear melatonin concentrations.

FAILURE OF INFUSION OF PROSTAGLANDIN A2 TO RESTORE THE RESPONSE TO ANTIDIURETIC HORMONE IN RATS WITH POLYURIA INDUCED BY LITHIUM

1980 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-465
Author(s):  
STEN CHRISTENSEN
Keyword(s):  
Antidiuretic Hormone ◽  
Arginine Vasopressin ◽  
Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Long Term Experiments ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Prostaglandin A2

Male Wistar rats were fed a lithium diet for 2–3 months producing marked polyuria (> 75 ml/100 g in 24 h) and a plasma Li concentration of 0·7 mmol/l. In acute experiments animals were anaesthetized with 5-ethyl-5-(1-methylpropyl)-2-thiobarbituric acid and infused with hypotonic glucose–saline (15 ml/h). Addition of prostaglandin A2 (PGA2; 0·2 ng/min) for 180 min to the infusate did not restore the impaired antidiuretic response to arginine-vasopressin (AVP) whether this agent was infused continuously (150 μu./min) or given as bolus injections (2500 μu.). In long-term experiments animals were kept in metabolism cages and Alzet osmotic minipumps were implanted for intravenous infusion of drugs at 1 μl/h. Again, PGA2 infusion at 0·2 ng/min failed to restore the impaired antidiuretic response to AVP (150 μu./min). It was therefore concluded that in rats with severe polyuria induced by long-term administration of lithium, infusion of PGA2 at 0·2 ng/min cannot restore the impaired response to antidiuretic hormone as has been reported by others.

Effects of long-term oral administration of methimazole on femur and tibia properties in male Wistar rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 124-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin R. Tatara ◽  
Marcin Gołyński ◽  
Radosław P. Radzki ◽  
Marek Bieńko ◽  
Witold Krupski
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Male Wistar Rats
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