scholarly journals Antioxidant Protection from UV- and Light-Stress Related to Carotenoid Structures

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Sandmann

This review summarizes studies of protection against singlet oxygen and radical damage by carotenoids. The main focus is on how substitutions of the carotenoid molecules determine high antioxidant activities such as singlet oxygen quenching and radical scavenging. Applied assays were carried out either in vitro in solvents or with liposomes, and in a few cases with living organisms. In the latter, protection by carotenoids especially of photosynthesis against light- and UV-stress is of major importance, but also heterotrophic organisms suffer from high light and UV exposure which can be alleviated by carotenoids. Carotenoids to be compared include C30, C40 and C50 molecules either acyclic, monocyclic or bicyclic with different substitutions including sugar and fatty acid moieties. Although some studies are difficult to compare, there is a tendency towards mono and bicyclic carotenoids with keto groups at C-4/C-4’ and the longest possible polyene structure functions to act best in singlet oxygen quenching and radical scavenging. Size of the carotenoid and lipophilic substituents such as fatty acids seem to be of minor importance for their activity but hydroxyl groups at an acyclic end and especially glycosylation of these hydroxyl groups enhance carotenoid activity.

Antioxidants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sutasinee Chintong ◽  
Wipaporn Phatvej ◽  
Ubon Rerk-Am ◽  
Yaowapha Waiprib ◽  
Wanwimol Klaypradit

Astaxanthin is a potent antioxidant compared with vitamins and other antioxidants. However, astaxanthin extract from shrimp processing waste has not yet been used in cosmetic products. This study aimed to explore the natural astaxanthin from shrimp shells for antioxidant and antityrosinase activities as well as potential toxicity. The antioxidant activities were performed with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging, β-carotene bleaching, and singlet oxygen quenching assays. The results revealed that astaxanthin extract demonstrated potent antioxidant activities against DPPH and ABTS radicals, and prevented the bleaching of β-carotene and quenching of singlet oxygen (EC50 17.5 ± 3.6, 7.7 ± 0.6, 15.1 ± 1.9 and 9.2 ± 0.5 μg/mL, respectively). Furthermore, the astaxanthin extract could inhibit tyrosinase activity (IC50 12.2 ± 1.5 μg/mL) and had no toxic effects on human dermal fibroblast cells. These results suggested that shrimp astaxanthin would be a promising dietary supplement for skin health applications.


2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (21) ◽  
pp. 8516-8522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nakkarike M. Sachindra ◽  
Emiko Sato ◽  
Hayato Maeda ◽  
Masashi Hosokawa ◽  
Yoshimi Niwano ◽  
...  

2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. M. Sachindra ◽  
M. K. W. A. Airanthi ◽  
M. Hosokawa ◽  
K. Miyashita

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 921-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shingo Takahashi ◽  
Ayaka Tsutsumi ◽  
Koichi Aizawa ◽  
Hiroyuki Suganuma

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 108597
Author(s):  
Francilia Campos de Siqueira ◽  
Deusa do Socorro Teixeira Costa Leitão ◽  
Adriana Zerlotti Mercadante ◽  
Renan Campos Chisté ◽  
Alessandra Santos Lopes

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 553-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faustino E. Morán Vieyra ◽  
Héctor J. Boggetti ◽  
Iris C. Zampini ◽  
Roxana M. Ordoñez ◽  
María I. Isla ◽  
...  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document