scholarly journals Sex Difference Impacts on the Relationship between Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) and Type 2 Diabetes

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 683
Author(s):  
Valentina Rosta ◽  
Alessandro Trentini ◽  
Angelina Passaro ◽  
Giovanni Zuliani ◽  
Juana Maria Sanz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Pon1 Activity ◽  
Partial Loss ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Gender Specific

Type-2 diabetes (T2D) and its cardiovascular complications are related to sex. Increasing evidence suggests that paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity, an antioxidant enzyme bound to high-density lipoproteins (HDL), is implicated in the onset and clinical progression of T2D. Since we previously showed that PON1 is a sexual dimorphic protein, we now investigated whether sex might impact the relationship between PON1 and this chronic disease. To address this aim, we assessed PON1 activity in the sera of 778 patients, including controls (women, n = 383; men, n = 198) and diabetics (women, n = 79; men = 118). PON1 activity decreased in both women and men with T2D compared with controls (p < 0.05 and p > 0.001, respectively), but the change was 50% larger in the female cohort. In line with this result, the enzyme activity was associated with serum glucose level only in women (r = −0.160, p = 0.002). Notably, only within this gender category, lower PON1 activity was independently associated with increased odds of being diabetic (odds ratio (95% Confidence interval: 2.162 (1.075–5.678)). In conclusion, our study suggests that PON1-deficiency in T2D is a gender-specific phenomenon, with women being more affected than men. This could contribute to the partial loss of female cardiovascular advantage associated with T2D.

scholarly journals INTERLEUKIN LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION COMBINED WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
B.O. Shelest
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Inflammatory Marker ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Diabetes And Obesity

INTERLEUKIN LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION COMBINED WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUSShelest B.O.The problem of combined course of hypertension of diabetes mellitus type 2 and obesity is becoming more common. This variant of comorbidity crucially increases the risk of cardiovascular complications. Inflammation is considered as an important link between the progression of hypertension and the development of adverse events. This study is devoted to the question of the relationship between the pro-inflammatory marker interleukin-6 and the increased blood pressure in patients with concomitant diabetes and obesity. The treatment of such patients with combined pathology remains the actual and difficult issue of medical practice. The article analyses the dynamics of interleukin-6 in the process of treatment with a fixed triple antihypertensive combination. Key words: hypertension, interleukin-6, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity. РІВНІ ІНТЕРЛЕЙКІНІВ У ХВОРИХ НА ГІПЕРТОНІЧНУ ХВОРОБУ У ПОЄДНАННІ З ЦУКРОВИМ ДІАБЕТОМ 2 ТИПУ Шелест Б.О.Все більшого поширення набуває проблема поєднаного перебігу гіпертензії цукрового діабету 2 типу та ожиріння. Такий варіант коморбидности різко підвищує ризик кардіоваскулярних ускладнень. Важливою ланкою в прогресуванні гіпертензії і розвитку несприятливих подій відводиться запаленню. Дана робота присвячена питанню залежності прозапального маркера інтерлейкіну-6 і підвищених цифр артеріального тиску у хворих з супутнім цукровим діабетом 2 типу і ожирінням. Актуальним і складним питанням медичної практики залишається лікування таких пацієнтів з поєднаною патологією. У статті аналізується динаміка інтерлейкіну-6 в процесі лікування потрійною фіксованою антигіпертензивною комбінацією.Ключові слова: гіпертонічна хвороба, інтерлейкін-6, цукровий діабет 2 типу, ожиріння. УРОВЕНЬ ИНТЕРЛЕЙКИНОВ У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С ГИПЕРТОНИЧЕСКОЙ БОЛЕЗНЬЮ В СОЧЕТАНИИ С САХАРНЫМ ДИАБЕТОМ 2 ТИПА. Шелест Б.А.Все большее распространение приобретает проблема сочетанного течения гипертензии сахарного диабета 2 типа и ожирения. Такой вариант коморбидности резко повышает риск кардиоваскулярных осложнений. Важным звеном в прогрессировании гипертензии и развитии неблагоприятных событий отводится воспалению. Даннаяработапосвящена вопросу зависимости провоспалительного маркера интерлейкина-6 и наличием повышенных цифр артериального давления у больных с сопутствующим сахарным диабетом и ожирением. Актуальным и сложным вопросом медицинской практики остается лечение таких пациентов с сочетанной патологией. В статье анализируется динамика интерлейкина-6 в процессе лечения фиксированной тройной антигипертензивной комбинацией. Ключевые слова: гипертоническая болезнь, интерлейкин-6, сахарный диабет 2 типа, ожирение.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Household Food Insufficiency and Development of Type 2 Diabetes over 10 Years in a Sample of U.S. Black and White Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 169-169
Author(s):  
Cynthia Chow ◽  
Joy Kim ◽  
Mercedes Carnethon ◽  
Pamela Schreiner ◽  
Lyn Steffen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Middle Adulthood ◽  
Food Insufficiency ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Household Food ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
White Adults

Abstract Objectives Household food insufficiency (HFI) is associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) but longitudinal studies are scarce. Our objectives were to test the relationship of 1) HFI during young-to-middle adulthood with risk of T2D 10 years (y) later; and 2) transient (1 time) or persistent (2 times) HFI with odds of T2D. Methods We used data from 3672 black and white adults (32–49y) from Year 15, 20, and 25 follow-up exams of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study (2000–2011). Participants with missing HFI or T2D data, prevalent T2D at Year 15 (and Year 20 for objective 2), or reported pregnancy were excluded (n = 720), for a total of n = 2952. At each exam, a screener question captured HFI over the past 12 months. Participants reporting that the food they had to eat was not always what they wanted, sometimes not enough, or often not enough were categorized with HFI. Participants with enough of the kinds of food they wanted were categorized with household food sufficiency. T2D was defined as fasting serum glucose ≥126 mg/dL or hemoglobin A1c ≥6.5%. Multivariable-adjusted repeated-measures and logistic regression models tested the relationships between HFI at Year 15 with risk of T2D at Year 25, and between transient or persistent HFI from Years 15 to 20 with odds of T2D at Year 25, respectively. Results T2D prevalence was 4.7% at Year 20 and 9.7% at Year 25. At Year 15, 13.2% reported HFI, and 14.6% and 5.2% were categorized with transient or persistent HFI, respectively. Adjusted for age, sex, and race, HFI at Year 15 was associated with 36% higher risk of T2D by Year 25 (Risk Ratio (95% Confidence Interval (RR (95% CI)): 1.36 (1.02, 1.80); P &lt; 0.05), though the relationship was attenuated after adjustment for education (1.28 (0.96, 1.71)). Compared to no HFI at Years 15 and 20, participants with persistent, but not transient, HFI had higher odds of T2D at Year 25 in fully-adjusted models (Odds Ratio (OR (95% CI)): persistent HFI: 2.06 (1.09, 3.67), P &lt; 0.05; transient HFI: 1.26 (0.76, 2.01)). Conclusions Transient or persistent exposure to HFI in young-to-middle adulthood may be a risk factor for developing T2D among black and white adults. Preventing and reducing HFI may be a strategy to reduce socioeconomic and racial disparities in T2D prevalence in the U.S. Funding Sources SDSU University Grants Program; NIH NHLBI K01.

scholarly journals Paraoxonase-1 Is Not Associated with Coronary Artery Calcification in Type 2 Diabetes: Results from the PREDICT Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bharti Mackness ◽  
Judit Marsillach ◽  
Robert S. Elkeles ◽  
Ian F. Godsland ◽  
Michael D. Feher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcification ◽  
Activity Concentration ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
Pon1 Activity ◽  
Genotype 2 ◽  
Predict Study

Objectives: To determine any association between serum paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity, protein and coding region genetic polymorphisms and coronary artery calcification (CACS) and to determine factors which modulate serum PON1 in type 2 diabetes (T2DM).Methods and results: 589 patients (419 Caucasian, 120 South Asian, 50 other) from the PREDICT Study were investigated. All patients were asymptomatic for coronary disease and had established T2DM. CACS, lipids, lipoproteins, inflammatory markers, insulin resistance and PON1 activity, concentration and Q192R and L55M genotypes were measured. Independent associations were: 1) PON1 activity negatively with insulin resistance, triglycerides and PON1-55 genotype and positively with PON1-192 genotype; 2) PON1 concentration negatively with Caucasian ethnicity, duration of diabetes and statin use and positively with plasma creatinine and PON1-192 genotype. There was no association between CACS and any of the PON1 activity, concentration or genotype and this finding was not different in the various ethnic groups within the PREDICT study.Conclusion: PON1 is modulated by a number of factors, some of which are reported here for the first time, including ethnicity and insulin resistance in subjects with T2DM. No association between CACS and PON1 was found.

Skeletal Muscle Ratio: A Complete Mediator of Physical Activity and HbA1C in Type 2 Diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 536-543
Author(s):  
Sen-Te Wang ◽  
Yen-Kuang Lin ◽  
Shuen-Fu Weng ◽  
Chen-Ling Huang ◽  
Hui-Chuan Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Visceral Fat Area ◽  
The Relationship

Background: An increase in the physical activity level reduces body weight, decreases body fat, increases skeletal muscle mass, and improves serum glucose; however, the influence of body composition parameters on the relationship between physical activity and serum glucose remains unclear. Objective: This study investigated whether skeletal muscle and visceral fat affect the relationship between high physical activity and long-term serum glucose goals. Method: This cross-sectional study recruited patients with type 2 diabetes. The Chinese version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used for estimating the physical activity level, and a bioimpedance device was used to measure the skeletal muscle ratio (skeletal muscle mass/total body weight, %) and visceral fat area (cm2). Hierarchical logistic regression models and mediation tests were conducted according to Hayes’ procedures. Results: Of the total 543 Chinese individuals with type 2 diabetes enrolled, HbA1C levels of fewer than half (n = 243, 44.8%) met the target of ≤7.0%. The skeletal muscle ratio was found to be a complete mediator (OR = 0.920, 95% CI: 0.848 to 0.998; indirect effect: −0.238, 95% CI: −0.525 to −0.020) of the relationship between high physical activity and the target HbA1C level after controlling for visceral fat area (indirect effect: −0.013, 95% CI: −0.183 to 0.156), age, time since diabetes diagnosis, and rice intake. Conclusion: Nurses should include an increase in the skeletal muscle ratio as an objective in physical activity interventions for patients with type 2 diabetes to help them achieve their long-term serum glucose goals.

Abnormalities in the relationship of paraoxonase 1 with HDL and apolipoprotein A1 and their possible connection to HDL dysfunctionality in type 2 diabetes

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 174-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alena Viktorinova ◽  
Ingrid Jurkovicova ◽  
Lubomira Fabryova ◽  
Sona Kinova ◽  
Michal Koren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Apolipoprotein A1 ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Type 2 Diabetes in Young Females Results in Increased Serum Amyloid A and Changes to Features of High Density Lipoproteins in Both HDL2 and HDL3

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayleigh Griffiths ◽  
Agnieszka Pazderska ◽  
Mohammed Ahmed ◽  
Anne McGowan ◽  
Alexander P. Maxwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
High Density ◽  
Serum Amyloid ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Amyloid A

Persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have an elevated risk of atherosclerosis. High-density lipoproteins (HDL) normally protect against cardiovascular disease (CVD), but this may be attenuated by serum amyloid A (SAA). In a case-control study of young females, blood samples were compared between subjects with T2DM (n=42) and individuals without T2DM (n=42). SAA and apolipoprotein AI (apoAI) concentrations, paraoxonase-1 (PON-1), cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activities were measured in the serum and/or HDL2 and HDL3 subfractions. SAA concentrations were higher in T2DM compared to controls: serum (30 mg/L (17, 68) versus 15 mg/L (7, 36); p=0.002), HDL2 (1.0 mg/L (0.6, 2.2) versus 0.4 mg/L (0.2, 0.7); p<0.001), and HDL3 (13 mg/L (8, 29) versus 6 mg/L (3, 13); p<0.001). Serum-PON-1 activity was lower in T2DM compared to that in controls (38,245 U/L (7025) versus 41,109 U/L (5690); p=0.043). CETP activity was higher in T2DM versus controls in HDL2 (232.6 μmol/L (14.1) versus 217.1 μmol/L (25.1); p=0.001) and HDL3 (279.5 μmol/L (17.7) versus 245.2 μmol/L (41.2); p<0.001). These results suggest that individuals with T2DM have increased SAA-related inflammation and dysfunctional HDL features. SAA may prove to be a useful biomarker in T2DM given its association with elevated CVD risk.

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