scholarly journals Humic Acid Reduces the Available Cadmium, Copper, Lead, and Zinc in Soil and Their Uptake by Tobacco

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qun Rong ◽  
Kai Zhong ◽  
He Huang ◽  
Chuanzhang Li ◽  
Chaolan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Bcr Sequential Extraction ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L ◽  
Sequential Extraction Method ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cu And Zn

Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) is a crop that is able to accumulate metals. In this study, humic acid was selected as a Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn passivator, and added to calcareous field soil in amounts of 6.4, 10.3, and 14.8 kg·ha−1. Its impact on the soil fractions of the metals in the soil was extracted by the Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) sequential extraction method, and their accumulation of the metals in tobacco leaves was investigated. Application of 14.8 kg·ha−1 humic acid decreased the DTPA-extracted concentrations of Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu by 39%, 37%, 29%, and 18%, respectively, as compared with untreated soil. The fractions of Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn in soil were extracted by the BCR sequential extraction method, and the relationship between the difference metal fractions in the soil and the metal contents in the plant materials were analyzed. The exchangeable fractions of Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn and the reducible fractions of Pb and Cu are the main bioavailable fractions. Additionally, the reducible fractions of Cd and Zn, the oxidizable fractions of Pb, Cu, and Zn, and all residual fractions of metals were nonbioavailable fractions in the soil. The soils were treated with humic acid (HA) to shift bioavailable metals to stable phases that were less bioavailable. The available Cd, Pb, Cu, and Zn were strongly retained in the soil after the application of humic acid, which decreased the uptake in tobacco in the upper, middle, and lower leaves.

Speciation Analysis of Harmful Elements in the Scheelite Tailings

2014 ◽  
Vol 1065-1069 ◽  
pp. 3096-3099
Author(s):  
Zi Qiang Gu ◽  
Xu Qing Liu ◽  
Ke Xiang ◽  
Xuan Qin ◽  
Ya Yun Li
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Speciation Analysis ◽  
Bcr Sequential Extraction ◽  
Comprehensive Utilization ◽  
Extraction Fraction ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Normal Environment ◽  
Sequential Extraction Method ◽  
Lead Zinc

The speciations of lead, zinc, arsenic from the skarn type scheelite flotation tailings of a Hubei Mining Co., Ltd were analysized on the ICP-AES spectroscopy, while the samples were prepared with the BCR three step extraction method proposed by the Standard Bureau of European Union and the improved BCR sequential extraction method proposed by Rauret.The results showed that: (1) The contents of arsenic, lead and zinc existing in Stable residual state, are 66.23%、41.44% and 36.34%, respectively, and the harmful elements in the tailings are basically stable under the normal environment conditions; (2)Lead in the exchangeable speciation with better activity occupies 24.61%,and the exchangeable speciation would be released out through the purification treatment of mineral processing wastewater and the placement clarification of the tailings to improve the rate of the residue state and to ensure the safety of comprehensive utilization of tailings; (3)Zinc in the oxidizable extraction fraction amounts to 40.30%, and the comprehensive utilization of tailings should prevent the release of zinc under the strong oxidizing conditions.

scholarly journals Ultrastructural Changes of Tobacco Cell Walls Following Sequential Extraction

1985 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
V Baliga ◽  
WR Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Lanthanum Chloride ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Sequential Extraction Method

AbstractThe role of calcium in plants has been the subject of research for many years. Calcium has been postulated to cover a wide variety of functions which have major and minor influences on the plant's metabolism. Calcium interaction with pectin has been postulated as a major source of cell wall stability, however, no direct measurements of this interaction have been made. In this study, a sequential extraction method has been utilized to fractionate the various forms of calcium present in cured bright and Burley tobacco. The extraction method uses water, potassium chloride, lanthanum chloride and hydrochloric acid with emphasis on the lanthanum chloride extraction which appears to preferentially replace the structural calcium. Extraction data in conjunction with light microscopy (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) data have been used to predict the role of structural calcium in the cell wall. Oxalate and calcium analyses have been made at each of the extraction steps for bright tobacco. It is shown that the major portion of calcium extracted is not associated with oxalate except for the hydrochloric acid step. The data show that approximately 20 % of the calcium is structurally related and that calcium oxalate utilizes a maximum of another 20 % of the total calcium. The remaining 60 % is non-structural and non-oxalate and is probably inorganic salts and salts of organic acids. Combining these two techniques provides a means of obtaining quantitative information that either technique used independently could not provide. The techniques used in this study are applicable to the investigation of other plant types and may be useful in furthering the general knowledge of the role of calcium in plant materials.

scholarly journals Fractionation And Environmental Risk Of Trace Metals In Surface Sediment Of The East China Sea By Modified BCR Sequential Extraction Method

Molekul ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy Andreas ◽  
Jing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
East China Sea ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Soluble Fraction ◽  
East China ◽  
The East China Sea ◽  
Bcr Sequential Extraction ◽  
Sequential Extraction Method

Geochemical fractionation of Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), Cobalt (Co), Zink (Zn), Iron (Fe) and Manganese (Mn) in sediment of the East China Sea were determined using four-stages of modified BCR sequential extraction method combination with ICP-MS. The total concentration of trace metals in sediment samples were in the following order: Fe >Mn>Pb> Zn > Co > Cd. Cd is present mainly in acid soluble fraction. Pb and Mn are in the group with presenting of easy reducible fraction and acid soluble fraction. Fe and Co were found in a group with mainly in residual fraction, while Zn was distributed in all four fractions. The highest contamination factors were found for Cd and Mn while the lowest were found for Fe and Co in almost station. The result showed low risk for Fe and Co in all station, Pb (except S2 and S3), Zn at S3,S6 and S7, and Mn at S1. A medium risk is indicated for Pb at S2 and S3, Zn at S1 and S5, and Mn at S2 and S6. A high risk showed for Zn at S2 and S4, and Mn at S4 and S5, while Cd at almost station (except S4) was very high risk.

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