scholarly journals Trialing Innovative Technologies in Crisis Management—“Airborne and Terrestrial Situational Awareness” as Support Tool in Flood Response

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 3743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Schröter ◽  
Ralph Kiefl ◽  
Eric Neidhardt ◽  
Gaby Gurczik ◽  
Carsten Dalaff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Route Planning ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Aerial Image ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Test Bed

Flooding represents the most-occurring and deadliest threats worldwide among natural disasters. Consequently, new technologies are constantly developed to improve response capacities in crisis management. The remaining challenge for practitioner organizations is not only to identify the best solution to their individual demands, but also to test and evaluate its benefit in a realistic environment before the disaster strikes. To bridge the gap between theoretic potential and actual integration into practice, the EU-funded project DRIVER+ has designed a methodical and technical environment to assess innovation in a realistic but non-operational setup through trials. The German Aerospace Center (DLR) interdisciplinary merged mature technical developments into the “Airborne and terrestrial situational awareness” system and applied it in a DRIVER+ Trial to promote a sustainable and demand-oriented R&D. Experienced practitioners assessed the added value of its modules “KeepOperational” and “ZKI” in the context of large-scale flooding in urban areas. The solution aimed at providing contextual route planning in police operations and extending situational awareness based on information derived through aerial image processing. The user feedback and systematically collected data through the DRIVER + Test-bed approved that DLR’s system could improve transport planning and situational awareness across organizations. However, the results show a special need to consider, for example, cross-domain data-fusion techniques to provide essential 3D geo-information to effectively support specific response tasks during flooding.

PP136 How To Apply Health Technology Assessment To Large Scale e-Health Processes

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (S1) ◽  
pp. 63-64
Author(s):  
Gro-Hilde Severinsen ◽  
Line Silsand ◽  
Anne Ekeland
Keyword(s):  
Health Technology Assessment ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Technology Assessment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Health Technology ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Health Region ◽  
Wide Range

IntroductionThere are enormous expectations for e-health solutions to support high quality healthcare services, with accessibility, and effectiveness as key goals. E-health encompasses a wide range of information and communication technologies applied to health care, and focuses on combining clinical activity, technical development, and political requirements. Hence, e-health solutions must be evaluated in relation to the desired goals, to justify the high costs of such solutions.MethodsHealth technology assessment (HTA) aims to produce rational decisions for purchasing new technologies and evaluating healthcare investments, like drugs and medical equipment, by measuring added value in relation to clinical effectiveness, safety, and cost effectiveness. It is desired to also apply HTA assessment on large scale e-health solutions, but traditional quantitative HTA methodology may not be applicable to complex e-health systems developed and implemented as ongoing processes over years. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of these processes risk being outdated when published, therefore action research designed to work with complex, large scale programs may be a more suitable approach.ResultsIn the project, we followed the development of a new process-oriented electronic patient record system (EPR) in northern Norway. Part of the process was structuring clinical data to be used in electronic forms within the system. This was the first time a health region structured the clinical data and designed the forms; receiving feedback alongside the process was very important. The goal was to use structured forms as a basis for reusing EPR data within and between systems, and to enable clinical decision support.DiscussionAfter designing a prototype of a structured form, we wrote an assessment report focusing on designing a methodology for such development, which stakeholders to include, and how to divide the work between the health region and the system vendor. The answers to such questions will have both practical and economic consequences for designing the next phase of the process.

scholarly journals 2D vs. 3D Change Detection Using Aerial Imagery to Support Crisis Management of Large-Scale Events

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronika Gstaiger ◽  
Jiaojiao Tian ◽  
Ralph Kiefl ◽  
Franz Kurz
Keyword(s):  
Change Detection ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Aerial Imagery ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Protestant Church ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
3D Information

Large-scale events represent a special challenge for crisis management. To ensure that participants can enjoy an event safely and carefree, it must be comprehensively prepared and attentively monitored. Remote sensing can provide valuable information to identify potential risks and take appropriate measures in order to prevent a disaster, or initiate emergency aid measures as quickly as possible in the event of an emergency. Especially, three-dimensional (3D) information that is derived using photogrammetry can be used to analyze the terrain and map existing structures that are set up at short notice. Using aerial imagery acquired during a German music festival in 2016 and the celebration of the German Protestant Church Assembly of 2017, the authors compare two-dimensional (2D) and novel fusion-based 3D change detection methods, and discuss their suitability for supporting large-scale events during the relevant phases of crisis management. This study serves to find out what added value the use of 3D change information can provide for on-site crisis management. Based on the results, an operational, fully automatic processor for crisis management operations and corresponding products for end users can be developed.

scholarly journals OBJECTS GROUPING FOR SEGMENTATION OF ROADS NETWORK IN HIGH RESOLUTION IMAGES OF URBAN AREAS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B7 ◽  
pp. 897-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Maboudi ◽  
J. Amini ◽  
M. Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Route Planning ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Image Objects ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
Road Segments

Updated road databases are required for many purposes such as urban planning, disaster management, car navigation, route planning, traffic management and emergency handling. In the last decade, the improvement in spatial resolution of VHR civilian satellite sensors – as the main source of large scale mapping applications – was so considerable that GSD has become finer than size of common urban objects of interest such as building, trees and road parts. This technological advancement pushed the development of “Object-based Image Analysis (OBIA)” as an alternative to pixel-based image analysis methods. <br><br> Segmentation as one of the main stages of OBIA provides the image objects on which most of the following processes will be applied. Therefore, the success of an OBIA approach is strongly affected by the segmentation quality. In this paper, we propose a purpose-dependent refinement strategy in order to group road segments in urban areas using maximal similarity based region merging. For investigations with the proposed method, we use high resolution images of some urban sites. The promising results suggest that the proposed approach is applicable in grouping of road segments in urban areas.

scholarly journals OBJECTS GROUPING FOR SEGMENTATION OF ROADS NETWORK IN HIGH RESOLUTION IMAGES OF URBAN AREAS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B7 ◽  
pp. 897-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Maboudi ◽  
J. Amini ◽  
M. Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Route Planning ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Image Objects ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
Road Segments

Updated road databases are required for many purposes such as urban planning, disaster management, car navigation, route planning, traffic management and emergency handling. In the last decade, the improvement in spatial resolution of VHR civilian satellite sensors – as the main source of large scale mapping applications – was so considerable that GSD has become finer than size of common urban objects of interest such as building, trees and road parts. This technological advancement pushed the development of “Object-based Image Analysis (OBIA)” as an alternative to pixel-based image analysis methods. <br><br> Segmentation as one of the main stages of OBIA provides the image objects on which most of the following processes will be applied. Therefore, the success of an OBIA approach is strongly affected by the segmentation quality. In this paper, we propose a purpose-dependent refinement strategy in order to group road segments in urban areas using maximal similarity based region merging. For investigations with the proposed method, we use high resolution images of some urban sites. The promising results suggest that the proposed approach is applicable in grouping of road segments in urban areas.

scholarly journals AUTOMATIC CLASSIFICATION OF HIGH RESOLUTION SATELLITE IMAGERY &ndash; A CASE STUDY FOR URBAN AREAS IN THE KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-1/W1 ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
A. Maas ◽  
M. Alrajhi ◽  
A. Alobeid ◽  
C. Heipke
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Stable Solution ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Supervised Classifiers ◽  
High Resolution Satellite Imagery

Updating topographic geospatial databases is often performed based on current remotely sensed images. To automatically extract the object information (labels) from the images, supervised classifiers are being employed. Decisions to be taken in this process concern the definition of the classes which should be recognised, the features to describe each class and the training data necessary in the learning part of classification. With a view to large scale topographic databases for fast developing urban areas in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia we conducted a case study, which investigated the following two questions: (a) which set of features is best suitable for the classification?; (b) what is the added value of height information, e.g. derived from stereo imagery? Using stereoscopic GeoEye and Ikonos satellite data we investigate these two questions based on our research on label tolerant classification using logistic regression and partly incorrect training data. We show that in between five and ten features can be recommended to obtain a stable solution, that height information consistently yields an improved overall classification accuracy of about 5%, and that label noise can be successfully modelled and thus only marginally influences the classification results.

scholarly journals SEMCITY TOULOUSE: A BENCHMARK FOR BUILDING INSTANCE SEGMENTATION IN SATELLITE IMAGES

2020 ◽  
Vol V-5-2020 ◽  
pp. 109-116
Author(s):  
R. Roscher ◽  
M. Volpi ◽  
C. Mallet ◽  
L. Drees ◽  
J. D. Wegner
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Adjacent Area ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Instance Segmentation

Abstract. In order to reach the goal of reliably solving Earth monitoring tasks, automated and efficient machine learning methods are necessary for large-scale scene analysis and interpretation. A typical bottleneck of supervised learning approaches is the availability of accurate (manually) labeled training data, which is particularly important to train state-of-the-art (deep) learning methods. We present SemCity Toulouse, a publicly available, very high resolution, multi-spectral benchmark data set for training and evaluation of sophisticated machine learning models. The benchmark acts as test bed for single building instance segmentation which has been rarely considered before in densely built urban areas. Additional information is provided in the form of a multi-class semantic segmentation annotation covering the same area plus an adjacent area 3 times larger. The data set addresses interested researchers from various communities such as photogrammetry and remote sensing, but also computer vision and machine learning.

scholarly journals An Adaptive Route Planning Method of Connected Vehicles for Improving the Transport Efficiency

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 39
Author(s):  
Baoju Liu ◽  
Jun Long ◽  
Min Deng ◽  
Xuexi Yang ◽  
Yan Shi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Route Planning ◽  
Planning Method ◽  
Planning Problem ◽  
Transport Efficiency ◽  
Bidding Price ◽  
Bidding Mechanism ◽  
Dynamic Route ◽  
Bidding Process

In recent years, the route-planning problem has gained increased interest due to the development of intelligent transportation systems (ITSs) and increasing traffic congestion especially in urban areas. An independent route-planning strategy for each in-vehicle terminal improves its individual travel efficiency. However, individual optimal routes pursue the maximization of individual benefit and may contradict the global benefit, thereby reducing the overall transport efficiency of the road network. To improve traffic efficiency while considering the travel time of individual vehicles, we propose a new dynamic route-planning method by innovatively introducing a bidding mechanism in the connected vehicle scenario for the first time. First, a novel bidding-based dynamic route planning is proposed to formulate vehicle routing schemes for vehicles affected by congestion via the bidding process. Correspondingly, a bidding price incorporating individual and global travel times was designed to balance the travel benefits of both objectives. Then, in the bidding process, a new local search algorithm was designed to select the winning routing scheme set with the minimum bidding price. Finally, the proposed method was tested and validated through case studies of simulated and actual driving scenarios to demonstrate that the bidding mechanism would be conducive to improving the transport efficiency of road networks in large-scale traffic flow scenarios. This study positively contributes to the research and development of traffic management in ITSs.

From 3R Approach to 4C Systems: on the Road to Sustainable, Desirable and Resilient City

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioulia Tchiguirinskaia ◽  
Pierre-Antoine Versini ◽  
Daniel Schertzer
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Shared Value ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Research Initiatives

&lt;p&gt;A wider recognition of climate change enhances in the society the 3R approach &amp;#8211; Reduce, Recycle and Reuse &amp;#8211;, thus broadening the spectrum of Urban Geoscience topics. This strengthens also the consensus that business models of companies are often too focused on their financial value, to the detriment of social and environmental added value. It therefore seems timely to change this way of doing things so that their growth is built more as part of a sustainable development approach, by emphasising the paradigm shift of &amp;#8216;shared value&amp;#8217;.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;'Shared value' means that by meeting the needs and challenges of society, businesses can create their economic value in a way that also benefits society, in direct link with COP21's commitments and in response to energy, environmental and IT transition laws, hence bringing political ambition and market reality together. To highlight such opportunities, this presentation will capitalise on several research initiatives launched in Greater Paris during recent years related to this topic (https://hmco.enpc.fr/portfolio-archive/):&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;(i) research to extend non-linear approaches in environment and geophysics;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;(ii) results on defining environmental indicators for our cities - considering their multimodal, multiscale and multifunctional structure - to quantify their environmental impacts (e.g., thermal, visual comfort, air quality, heat island mitigation, stormwater management etc.);&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;(iii) numerous instrumentation and modelling experiments related to the impacts of climate change and to the means of their attenuation;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;(iv) results on the monetisation of amenities provided by Blue-Green Solutions in urban areas and their large-scale socio-economic contextualisation;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;(v) environmental assessment of many (infra)structures that take into account their design method, implementation, operation, maintenance and end-of-life.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;All these research initiatives constitute the basis for the &amp;#8216;shared value&amp;#8217; theoretical emergence in the 4C framework &amp;#8211; Cognitive, Collaborative, Coevolutionary and Complex &amp;#8211; systems, with a practical methodology towards the sustainable, desirable and resilient city and call for larger developments of Urban Geosciences. &amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals A research port test bed based on distributed optical sensors and sensor fusion framework for ad hoc situational awareness

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Rüssmeier ◽  
Axel Hahn ◽  
Daniela Nicklas ◽  
Oliver Zielinski
Keyword(s):  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Remote Communication ◽  
Efficient Test ◽  
In Situ Experiments ◽  
Assistant Systems

Abstract. Maritime study sites utilized as a physical experimental test bed for sensor data fusion, communication technology and data stream analysis tools can provide substantial frameworks for design and development of e-navigation technologies. Increasing safety by observation and monitoring of the maritime environment by new technologies meets forward-looking needs to facilitate situational awareness. Further, such test beds offer a solid basis for standardizing new technologies to advance growth by reducing time to market of up-to-date industrial products and technologies. Especially optical sensor technologies are well suited to provide a situational and marine environmental assessment of waterways for (i) online detection of relevant situations, (ii) collection of data for further analysis and (iii) reuse of data, e.g. for training or testing of assistant systems. The test bed set-up has to consider maintainability, flexibility and extensibility for efficient test set-ups. This means that new use cases and applications within the test bed infrastructure, here presented by a research port, can be easily developed and extended by installing new sensors, actuators and software components. Furthermore, the system supports reliable remote communication between onshore and offshore participants. A series of in situ experiments at the research port of Bremerhaven and in other maritime environments were performed, representing applications and scenarios to demonstrate the capability for the proposed system framework and design.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Three Methods for Measuring Local Urban Tree Canopy Cover

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen King ◽  
Dexter Locke
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Urban Forest ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Urban Tree ◽  
Tree Canopy Cover ◽  
Urban Tree Canopy

Measurements of urban tree canopy cover are crucial for managing urban forests and required for the quantification of the benefits provided by trees. These types of data are increasingly used to secure funding and justify large-scale planting programs in urban areas. Comparisons of tree canopy measurement methods have been conducted before, but a rapidly evolving set of new technologies and applications may leave urban foresters wondering, “Which method is most appropriate for my circumstances?” This analysis compares two well-established measures of local tree canopy and building cover with a third, relatively untested technique. Field-based visual estimations (using the USDA Forest Service’s i-Tree protocols), summaries of highresolution land cover data using geographic information systems (GIS), and an analysis of skyward-oriented hemispherical photographs at 215 roadside sites across the five diverse counties of New York City, New York, U.S., are the methods evaluated herein. The study authors found no statistically significant differences between the methods when comparing tree canopy; however, the hemispherical camera had a tendency to overestimate building coverage. It is concluded that hemispheric photo techniques are understudied in urban areas, and that the i-Tree and GIS-based approaches are complementary and reinforcing tools indispensable for both the urban forest management and research communities.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document