scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Mapping of Forest Soil Carbon Stocks Using SCORPAN Modelling and Relative Depth Gradients in the North-Eastern Lowlands of Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 714
Author(s):  
Alexander Russ ◽  
Winfried Riek ◽  
Gerd Wessolek
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Relative Depth ◽  
Tree Species Composition ◽  
The North ◽  
Three Dimensional Mapping ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Depth Gradients

To cope with the challenges in forest management that are contemporarily caused by climate change, data on current chemical and physical soil properties are more and more necessary. For this purpose, we present a further amalgam of depth functions and SCORPAN modelling to provide data at arbitrary depth layers. In this concept, regionalisation is split up into the modelling of plot totals and the estimation of vertical distributions. The intended benefits by splitting up are: consistency between estimates on plot level and depth layer level, avoidance of artificial depth gradients, straightforward interpretation of covariates in the sense of pedogenetic processes, and circumnavigation of the propagation of uncertainties associated with separation between horizons during field sampling. The methodology was tailored to the circumstances within the north-eastern lowlands and the utilisation of current inventory data of the National Forest Soil Inventory (NFSI) in Brandenburg (Germany). Using the regionalisation of soil organic carbon (SOC) as an example, the application is demonstrated and discussed in detail. The depth to groundwater table and terrain parameters related to the catchment area were the main factors in SOC storage. The use of kriging did not improve the model performance. The relative depth gradients of SOC were especially distinguished by tree species composition and stand age. We suppose that interesting fields of application may be found in scenario-based modelling of SOC and when SOC serves as a basis for hydrological modelling.

scholarly journals Morpholithodynamics of lagoonal straits of the North-Eastern Sakhalin

2019 ◽  
pp. 79-94
Author(s):  
V. V. Afanasev
Keyword(s):  
Additional Data ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Water Area ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Geological Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
Three Dimensional Models ◽  
And Migration

The results of the analysis of geospatial and geological information on the structure and dynamics of the lagoon coast of the North-Eastern Sakhalin are presented. On the basis of a number of parameters of the coastal erosion-accumulation processes and migration of lagoon straits during the period 1927–2014. the morpholithodynamics system of the North-Eastern Sakhalin was considered. The volume of sediments transported during the migration of the straits, was estimated with the help of three-dimensional models, in which, parallel with time-averaged areas of erosion and accumulation, additional data were used, namely: bathymetry of the straits and adjacent water area, characteristics of the relief of the barrier forms and geological information obtained as a result of georadar survey and drilling. Georadar data, together with remote sensing data, have made it possible to create a model of sedimentation, which formed the basis for the analysis of the history of the coast formation beyond the period of observations. Currently, we can trace the situation as long as to the middle of the XIXth century.

scholarly journals Sensitivity model study of regional mercury dispersion in the atmosphere

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 627-643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian N. Gencarelli ◽  
Johannes Bieser ◽  
Francesco Carbone ◽  
Francesco De Simone ◽  
Ian M. Hedgecock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Domain Boundary ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Oxidation Mechanism ◽  
Observation System ◽  
Peat Bogs ◽  
Anthropogenic Emission ◽  
Oxidation Pathway ◽  
The North

Abstract. Atmospheric deposition is the most important pathway by which Hg reaches marine ecosystems, where it can be methylated and enter the base of food chain. The deposition, transport and chemical interactions of atmospheric Hg have been simulated over Europe for the year 2013 in the framework of the Global Mercury Observation System (GMOS) project, performing 14 different model sensitivity tests using two high-resolution three-dimensional chemical transport models (CTMs), varying the anthropogenic emission datasets, atmospheric Br input fields, Hg oxidation schemes and modelling domain boundary condition input. Sensitivity simulation results were compared with observations from 28 monitoring sites in Europe to assess model performance and particularly to analyse the influence of anthropogenic emission speciation and the Hg0(g) atmospheric oxidation mechanism. The contribution of anthropogenic Hg emissions, their speciation and vertical distribution are crucial to the simulated concentration and deposition fields, as is also the choice of Hg0(g) oxidation pathway. The areas most sensitive to changes in Hg emission speciation and the emission vertical distribution are those near major sources, but also the Aegean and the Black seas, the English Channel, the Skagerrak Strait and the northern German coast. Considerable influence was found also evident over the Mediterranean, the North Sea and Baltic Sea and some influence is seen over continental Europe, while this difference is least over the north-western part of the modelling domain, which includes the Norwegian Sea and Iceland. The Br oxidation pathway produces more HgII(g) in the lower model levels, but overall wet deposition is lower in comparison to the simulations which employ an O3 ∕ OH oxidation mechanism. The necessity to perform continuous measurements of speciated Hg and to investigate the local impacts of Hg emissions and deposition, as well as interactions dependent on land use and vegetation, forests, peat bogs, etc., is highlighted in this study.

scholarly journals “Assassins of the Great Prince Andrey”: An Inscription about the Murder of Andrey Bogolyubsky from Pereslavl-Zalessky

Slovene ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-102
Author(s):  
Alexey A. Gippius ◽  
Savva M. Mikheev
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Church History ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Old Russian ◽  
The North ◽  
New Information ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The Church ◽  
High Social Status

The present paper deals with a long inscription which was uncovered in the autumn of 2015 on the external wall of the southern apse of the 12th century Transfiguration Cathedral in Pereslavl-Zalessky. It contains an almost fully legible list of assassins of the Vladimir-Suzdal prince Andrey Yuryevich, who was murdered in Bogolyubovo on June 29th, 1174. The writer places a curse on the murderers and wishes eternal memory to the prince. The graffito probably dates from 1175–1176 when Andrey’s younger brother Vsevolod Yuryevich ruled in Pereyaslavl. It is the oldest inscription from the North-Eastern Rus’ to have a fairly precise dating. The discovery corroborates the general accuracy of the chronicles in respect to the murder and serves as a source for the study of Old Russian princely titles and other terms of social hierarchy. Andrey Yuryevich is called the grand prince and his murderers are collectively given the pejorative name of parobki (servants) despite the high social status of at least some of them. As the first example of anathematising state criminals in Rus’, the inscription has relevance for church history as well. Valuable new information is provided by the list of assassins. It includes the names of 11–13 individuals. The list indicates that the main conspirator, the boyar Kuchcko's son-in-law named Peter was the son of someone named Frol. That Frol may have been the founder of the Church of Saints Florus and Laurus in the Moscow Kremlin. The patronymic of the third of the murderers Yakim Kuckovičь is spelled with a c., which may be an indication of Kuchko's Novgorodian origin. The fourth on the list is Ofrem Moizich. The authors accept the Arabic origins of Ofrem’s patronymic suggested by V. S. Kuleshov. The latter traces it back to the name Muʕizz which could have belonged to a Muslim from Volga Bulgaria. The fifth conspirator Dobryna Mikitich is tentatively identified as the Rostov boyar Dobryna the Tall. He played a prominent role in the feud triggered by the assassination of Andrey Yuryevich and perished in the Battle of Yuryev Field on June 27th, 1176. The last person on the list bears the rare Slavic name Styrjata which elsewhere is attested only in the 12th century graffiti inscriptions from the Annunciation Church at Gorodische near Novgorod. From the standpoint of linguistics the inscription demonstrates an advanced stage of the yer-shift. In this respect it is similar to the Novgorod birchbark letter No. 724 which dates from the same period. The inscription was read with the help of a three-dimensional model created by the RSSDA Lab. (https://rssda.su/ep-rus).

scholarly journals 3D modelling of coal seams for optimization of extraction

2021 ◽  
Vol 342 ◽  
pp. 02008
Author(s):  
Ábel Dániel Antonovits ◽  
József Molnár
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Underground Coal Mining ◽  
Coal Seams ◽  
The North ◽  
Comprehensive Knowledge ◽  
North Eastern

Underground coal mining was finished in the north-eastern region of Hungary after its operation of more than two centuries, as a result of economic, technical, environmental and political reasons. A fairly significant part of the reserve is still available to extract. With a different perspective of coal mining, considering different ways of utilization (such as coal chemistry, etc.) the extraction of the material can still be cost effective. In the past few years, several studies were conducted regarding the possible utilization of the available reserve. The properties of the coal are highly mutable, therefore, comprehensive knowledge about the geology is indispensable. Two and three-dimensional modelling of the coal seam is discussed in this paper, with the optimal coal face height, and the expected quality of mining products taken into consideration. Applying the method presented, the production can fulfil the desired properties, regarding to the utilization of the coal.

scholarly journals Analysis of patterns of the open-pit mine water influx formation in the conditions of the Inhulets iron ore deposit using a three-dimensional geofiltration model

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 00030
Author(s):  
Vasyl Tymoshchuk ◽  
Yevheniia Sherstiuk ◽  
Tamara Morozova
Keyword(s):  
Mine Water ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Open Pit Mine ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Eastern Side ◽  
The North ◽  
Water Influx ◽  
Eastern Site ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Iron Ore Deposit

The purpose is to study the patterns of groundwater influxe formation within the north-eastern side of the Private Joint-Stock Company “Inhuletskyi hirnycho-zbahachuvalnyi kombinat” (PJSC INHZK) open-pit mine in the conditions of disturbed hydrodynamic regime of the eastern adjacent side of the open-pit mine by the developed three-dimensional geofiltration model. The patterns have been determined of the open-pit mine water influx formation on the basis of a complex analysis of the actual data related to geological and hydrogeological structure of the iron ore deposit, the intensity and character of groundwater influx within the eastern side of the open-pit mine, and the results of numerical simulation of geofiltrational processes. By the results of inverse problems solutions, the geofiltration model reflects adequately the geological, hydrogeological, and geotechnical conditions of the studied territory where the technogenically disturbed hydrodynamic regime have been formed; the calculated values of the open-pit mine water influx within the eastern side of the open-pit mine and its north-eastern site, have been determined. It has been found that the values of groundwater influx and their distribution within the eastern side of the open-pit mine and its north-eastern site depend on the manner of the water-permeable alluvial strata occurrence on the eroded surface of seat clays, and the existence of a technogenic aquifer near the rock-disposal dump base at the adjacent site of the open-pit mine. The results of this research form the basis for a substantiation of technical solutions for dewatering the north-eastern side of the PJSC INHZK open-pit mine in the conditions of further development of mining operations, and for determining the hydrodynamic parameters of dewatering facilities.

scholarly journals Opportunities of re-establishing underground mining in the borsod coal basin in north-eastern Hungary

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 532-540
Author(s):  
József Molnár ◽  
Ákos Debreczeni ◽  
Richárd Tompa
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Paper Analysis ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Coal Basin ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern

Abstract Numerous underground coal mines were in operation in the Borsod coal basin in northeastern part of Hungary until the beginning of this century. The main area of utilization of the mined out coal beside power and heat generation was supplying households with fuel mostly for heating. In the beginning of the 1990ies the power plants in question were shut down for economic, environmental and technical reasons. Consequently all the mines were closed no later than 2004 and thousands of miners lost their jobs. A new perspective of coal mining can be enabled by other ways of utilization of coal, e.g. coal chemistry, etc. Safe and modern equipment and technology enabling high output, clean coal, furthermore high rate of yield are targeted. Opportunity of sustainable underground coal mining in the north-eastern part of Hungary is discussed in the paper. Analysis of the properties of coal deposits using three-dimensional (3D) modelling are used for considering opportunities of new mining operations. Models are being developed.

scholarly journals Sensitivity model study of regional mercury dispersion in the atmosphere

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian N. Gencarelli ◽  
Johannes Bieser ◽  
Francesco Carbone ◽  
Francesco De Simone ◽  
Ian M. Hedgecock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Domain Boundary ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Oxidation Mechanism ◽  
Observation System ◽  
Peat Bogs ◽  
Oxidation Pathway ◽  
The North ◽  
Simulated Concentration

Abstract. Atmospheric deposition is the most important pathway by which Hg reaches marine ecosystems, where it can be methylated and enter the base of food chain. The deposition, the transport and chemical interactions of atmospheric Hg has been simulated over Europe for the year 2013 in the framework of the Global Mercury Observation System (GMOS) project, performing 14 different model sensitivity tests using two high resolution three-dimensional Chemical Transport Models (CTMs), varying the anthropogenic emissions data sets, atmospheric Br input fields, the Hg oxidation schemes and the modelling domain boundary condition input. Sensitivity simulation results were compared with observations from 28 monitoring sites in Europe, to assess model performance and particularly to analyse the influence of anthropogenic emission speciation and the Hg0(g) atmospheric oxidation mechanism. The contribution of anthropogenic Hg emissions, their speciation and vertical distribution is crucial to the simulated concentration and deposition fields, as is also the choice of Hg0(g) oxidation pathway. The areas most sensitive to changes in Hg emission speciation and the emission vertical distribution are those near major sources, but also the Aegean and the Black Seas, the English Channel, the Skagerrak Strait and the North German coast. Considerable influence was found also evident over the Mediterranean, the North and Baltic Sea, some influence is seen over continental Europe, while this difference is least over the north-western part of the modelling domain, which includes the Norwegian Sea and Iceland. The Br oxidation pathway produces more HgII(g) in the lower model levels, but overall wet deposition is lower in comparison to the simulations which employ an O3/OH oxidation mechanism. The necessity to perform continuous measurements of speciated Hg, to investigate the local impacts of Hg emissions and deposition, as well as interactions dependent on land use and vegetation, forests, peat bogs etc. is highlighted in this study

Discussion on “The grinding wheel and production” at the North-Eastern Section of the Institution

1942 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
Bowen ◽  
Vickery ◽  
Buchanan ◽  
Swallow ◽  
Perks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern
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