This paper is concerned with the analysis of the forming load characteristics of a
forward-backward can extrusion in both combined and sequence operation. A commercially
available finite element program, which is coded in the rigid-plastic finite element method, has been
employed to investigate the forming load characteristics. AA 2024 aluminum alloy is selected as a
model material. The analysis in the present study is extended to the selection of press frame capacity
for producing efficiently final product at low cost. The possible extrusion processes to shape a
forward-backward can component with different outer diameters are categorized to estimate
quantitatively the force requirement for forming forward-backward can part, forming energy, and
maximum pressure exerted on the die-material interfaces, respectively. The categorized processes are
composed of combined and/or some basic extrusion processes such as sequence operation. Based on
the simulation results about forming load characteristics, the frame capacity of a mechanical press of
crank-drive type suitable for a selected process could be determined along with securing the load
capacity and with considering productivity. In addition, it is suggested that different load capacities
be selected for different dimensions of a part such as wall thickness in forward direction and etc. It is
concluded quantitatively from the simulation results that the combined operation is superior to
sequence operation in terms of relatively low forming load and thus it leads to low cost for forming
equipments. However, it is also known from the simulation results that the precise control of
dimensional accuracy is not so easy in combined operation. The results in this paper could be a good
reference for analysis of forming process for complex parts and selection of proper frame capacity of
a mechanical press to achieve low production cost and thus high productivity.
Simulation of an Adaptive Method of Improving the Accuracy and Extending the Range of Frequency Signal Processing in a Frequency-to-Code Converter
