scholarly journals Recent Developments on Hydrogen Production Technologies: State-of-the-Art Review with a Focus on Green-Electrolysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 11363
Author(s):  
Leonardo Vidas ◽  
Rui Castro
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Global Energy ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Renewable Hydrogen ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Growing human activity has led to a critical rise in global energy consumption; since the current main sources of energy production are still fossil fuels, this is an industry linked to the generation of harmful byproducts that contribute to environmental deterioration and climate change. One pivotal element with the potential to take over fossil fuels as a global energy vector is renewable hydrogen; but, for this to happen, reliable solutions must be developed for its carbon-free production. The objective of this study was to perform a comprehensive review on several hydrogen production technologies, mainly focusing on water splitting by green-electrolysis, integrated on hydrogen’s value chain. The review further deepened into three leading electrolysis methods, depending on the type of electrolyzer used—alkaline, proton-exchange membrane, and solid oxide—assessing their characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages. Based on the conclusions of this study, further developments in applications like the efficient production of renewable hydrogen will require the consideration of other types of electrolysis (like microbial cells), other sets of materials such as in anion-exchange membrane water electrolysis, and even the use of artificial intelligence and neural networks to help design, plan, and control the operation of these new types of systems.

scholarly journals Literature Survey of Interleaved DC-DC Step-Down Converters for Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyzer Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittorio Guida ◽  
Damien Guilbert ◽  
Bruno Douine
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Water Electrolysis ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Voltage Gain ◽  
Output Current ◽  
Step Down ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
Current Ripple

Recently, the use of electrolyzers for hydrogen production through water electrolysis is of great interest in the industrial field to replace current hydrogen production pathways based on fossil fuels (e.g. oil, coal). The electrolyzers must be supplied with a very low DC voltage in order to produce hydrogen from the deionized water. For this reason, DC-DC step-down converters are generally used. However, these topologies present several drawbacks from output current ripple and voltage gain point of view. In order to meet these expectations, interleaved DC-DC step-down converters are considered as promising and interesting candidates to supply proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzers. Indeed, these converters offer some advantages including output current ripple reduction and reliability in case of power switch failures. In addition, over the last decade, many improvements have been brought to these topologies with the aim to enhance their conversion gain. Hence, the main goal of this paper is to carry out a thorough state-of-the-art of different interleaved step-down DC-DC topologies featuring a high voltage gain, needed for PEM electrolyzer applications.

scholarly journals Durability of Anion Exchange Membrane Water Electolyzers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongguo Li ◽  
Andrew R Motz ◽  
Chulsung Bae ◽  
Cy Fujimoto ◽  
Gaoqiang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Anion Exchange Membrane ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Interest in the low-cost production of clean hydrogen is growing. Anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers (AEMWEs) are considered one of the most promising sustainable hydrogen production technologies because of their...

Catalyst-coated proton exchange membrane for hydrogen production with high pressure water electrolysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 119 (12) ◽  
pp. 123903
Author(s):  
Xinrong Zhang ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Weijing Yang ◽  
Wen Liu ◽  
Fanqi Min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Water Electrolysis ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Pressure Water ◽  
Exchange Membrane

scholarly journals Process Development for Bio-butanol Steam Reforming for PEMFC Application

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.5) ◽  
pp. 110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronak Patel ◽  
Sanjay Patel
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Study Process ◽  
Exchange Membrane

In current study, process has been developed for hydrogen production from bio-butanol via steam reforming (SR) for proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) application. Heat integration with pinch analysis method was carried out to reduce overall heating and cooling utility requirement of energy intensive SR process. Despite of highly endothermic nature of bio-butanol SR, process found to be self-sustained in terms of requirement of heating utility. Heat integrated process for hydrogen production from bio-butanol SR was found to be green process, which can be explored for its hydrogen production capacity. 

Numerical Study on Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell with 2mm×2mm and 25cm2 Serpentine Flow Channel

2014 ◽  
Vol 592-594 ◽  
pp. 1687-1691
Author(s):  
Pal Vaibhav ◽  
P. Karthikeyan ◽  
R. Anand
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Serpentine Flow Field ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
Flow Field Design

As fossil fuels are becoming less reliable and more costly, the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) is emerging as the primary candidate to replace the stationary and transport applications. In this study numerical simulation on PEMFC is done by commercially available Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software. A three-dimensional, model of a single PEM Fuel cell with serpentine flow field design has been used for the study. The numerical model is 3-D steady, incompressible, single phase and isothermal includes the governing of mass, momentum, energy, and species along with electrochemical equations. All of these equations are simultaneously solved in order to get current flux density and H2, O2and H2O fractions along the flow field design.

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