scholarly journals A Modelization of the Propagation of COVID-19 in Regions of Spain and Italy with Evaluation of the Transmission Rates Related to the Intervention Measures

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Raul Nistal ◽  
Manuel de la Sen ◽  
Jon Gabirondo ◽  
Santiago Alonso-Quesada ◽  
Aitor J. Garrido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
The Other ◽  
Transmission Rates ◽  
Minimum Value ◽  
Intervention Measures ◽  
Infectivity Rate ◽  
Care Systems

Two discrete mathematical SIR models (Susceptible-Infectious-Recovered) are proposed for modelling the propagation of the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) through Spain and Italy. One of the proposed models is delay-free while the other one considers a delay in the propagation of the infection. The objective is to estimate the transmission, also known as infectivity rate, through time taking into account the infection evolution data supplied by the official health care systems in both countries. Such a parameter is estimated through time at different regional levels and it is seen to be strongly dependent on the intervention measures such as the total (except essential activities) or partial levels of lockdown. Typically, the infectivity rate evolves towards a minimum value under total lockdown and it increases again when the confinement measures are partially or totally removed.

An Occupational Therapy Course on Community Practice

1995 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Constance Vanier ◽  
Michèle Hébert
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Community Services ◽  
The Other ◽  
Community Practice ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
The University

This article outlines a course on occupational therapy community practice offered at the University of Ottawa and discusses its assets and limitations in terms of preparing students for the shift to community-based health services. The shift to community services in the health care systems of Ontario and Québec is described. Then the curricular components needed to prepare students for community practice are summarized. Finally, the community practice course at the University of Ottawa including its goal, objectives, class topics and evaluations is outlined. The strength of the community practice course described is that it includes many of the curricular components needed for community practice. On the other hand, limitations include the lack of skill training in some areas, its place in the last year of the programme, and its optional nature. Changes planned for the course and other recommendations for curricula are also discussed.

Gamification as an Enabler of Mutual Learning in Complex Health Care Systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 35-47
Author(s):  
Johanna Leväsluoto ◽  
Jouko Heikkilä ◽  
Joona Tuovinen ◽  
Kaupo Viitanen
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Complex Systems ◽  
Change Process ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mutual Learning ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Switching Method ◽  
Systemic Understanding

In this paper, the authors present a gamified role switching method to promote dialogue and mutual learning in health care organisations facing changes in complex systems. Their research is based on two case studies in which the information exchange between the actors is crucial. 25 stakeholders were interviewed and four workshops were arranged. This study indicates that the gamified role switching method inspired and gave means for the participants to enhance systemic understanding of their organization and to improve dialogue. The role switching method also made the participants to see the situation from the other perspectives and thus promoted collaboration and the change process.

The Management of Chronic Diseases in the Netherlands and in Germany

2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-275
Author(s):  
Markus Sichert ◽  
Christina Walser
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Chronic Disease Management ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
The Other ◽  
Improve Quality ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
The One

Chronic diseases pose significant challenges to health insurance systems. On the one hand, the supply of medical care to patients suffering from chronic diseases is very costly; on the other hand, more and more people are becoming chronically ill, and many of them suffer from diabetes. Against this background, steering mechanisms that address chronic disease management are needed, not only to cope with cost containment, but also to improve quality and to overcome obstructive interfaces of supply structures. This article analyses how these challenges are being dealt with and how the respective chronic diseases – the focus will be on diabetes – are managed in the Netherlands and in Germany. The approaches taken in each of these countries present examples of how structures for political and legal steering have been established within health care systems that are subject to frequent reform. Each approach is assessed by analysing the priority given to either regulatory or competitive elements, and particular reference will be made to (subordinated) implementation structures, contracts or models.

scholarly journals Health Care Organizations: Soft Target during COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-347
Author(s):  
Harald G. De Cauwer ◽  
Francis Somville
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Organizations ◽  
Behavioral Science ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
The Other ◽  
Contact Tracing ◽  
Cyber Terrorism ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
Soft Target

AbstractHealth care organizations have been challenged by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic for some time, while in January 2020, it was not immediately suspected that it would take such a global expansion. In the past, other studies have already pointed out that health care systems, and more specifically hospitals, can be a so-called “soft target” for terrorist attacks. This report has now examined whether this is also the case in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.During the lockdown, hospitals turned out to be the only remaining soft targets for attacks, given that the other classic targets were closed during the lockdown. On the other hand, other important factors have limited the risk of such attacks in hospitals. The main delaying and relative risk-reducing factors were the access control on temperature and wearing a mask, no visits allowed, limited consultations, and investigations.But even then, health care systems and hospitals were prone to (cyber)terrorism, as shown by other COVID-19-related institutions, such as pharmaceuticals involved in developing vaccines and health care facilities involved in swab testing and contact tracing. Counter-terrorism medicine (CTM) and social behavioral science can reduce the likelihood and impact of terrorism, but cannot prevent (state-driven) cyberterrorism and actions of lone wolves and extremist factions.

160: Cost-Effectiveness of Medical Management Strategies of Nephrolithiasis in Different Health Care Systems

2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 42-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yair Latan ◽  
David M. Wilhelm ◽  
David A. Duchene ◽  
Margaret S. Pearle
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Medical Management ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Care Systems

Barriers versus promotion: Culturally sensitive healthcare for elderly Turkish migrants in Austria and Germany

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Nevin Altıntop
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Elderly Care ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Diversity Management ◽  
Culturally Sensitive ◽  
Turkish Migrants ◽  
Care Givers ◽  
Individual Care ◽  
Care Systems

What is the perception of Turkish migrants in elderly care? The increasing number of elder migrants within the German and Austrian population is causing the challenge of including them in an adequate (culturally sensitive) way into the German/Austrian health care system. Here I introduce the perception of elder Turkish migrants within the predominant paradigm of intercultural opening of health care in Germany as well as within the concept of diversity management of health care in Vienna (Austria). The qualitative investigation follows a field research in different German and Austrian cities within the last four years and an analysis based on the Grounded Theory Methodology. The meaning of intercultural opening on the one hand, and diversity management on the other hand with respect to elderly care will be evaluated. Whereas the intercultural opening directly demands a reduction of barriers to access institutional elderly care the concept of diversity is hardly successful in the inclusion of migrants into elderly care assistance – concerning both, migrants as care-givers and migrants as care-receivers. Despite the similarities between the health care systems of Germany and Austria there are decisive differences in the perception and inclusion of migrants in elderly care that is largely based on an 'individual care' concept of the responsible institutions. Finally, this investigation demonstrates how elderly care in Germany and Austria prepares to encounter the demand of 'individual care' in a diverse society.

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