scholarly journals A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Prevalence and Impact of Pulmonary Bacterial Colonisation in Stable State Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Michael N. Armitage ◽  
Daniella A. Spittle ◽  
Alice M. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Targeted Prevention ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Acute Exacerbations

Background: Half of acute exacerbations of COPD are due to bacterial infection, and the other half are likely influenced by microbial colonisation. The same organisms commonly cultured during acute exacerbations are often found in the sputum of patients during stability. A robust assessment of the prevalence of potentially pathogenic microorganisms (PPMs) in the sputum of stable COPD patients may help to inform the targeted prevention of exacerbation by these organisms. Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out to determine the prevalence of PPMs in patients with COPD in the stable state. Meta-analysis of prevalence was carried out using the Freeman–Tukey double arcsine transformation random effects model, and sub-group analysis was performed for sputum modality. Prevalence of total and individual PPMs was calculated from patient-level data from individual studies. Results: Pooled prevalence of PPMs identified by sputum culture was found to be 41% (95% CI 36–47%). Significant heterogeneity was found across all studies, which can likely be attributed to inconsistent measuring and reporting of PPMs. The most commonly reported organisms were H. influenzae, M catarrhalis, S. pneumoniae, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa. Declining lung function was weakly correlated with prevalence of PPMs. Conclusion: The airways of patients with COPD are colonised with PPMs during the stable state in almost half of patients. A complex relationship likely exists between the microbiome in the stable state and the phenotype of COPD patients. Targeted microbial therapy for preventing exacerbations of COPD should carefully consider the stable microbiome as well as the exacerbated.

scholarly journals Serum Albumin Concentrations in Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 269
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Zinellu ◽  
Alessandro G. Fois ◽  
Elisabetta Sotgiu ◽  
Sabrina Mellino ◽  
Arduino A. Mangoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Standard Mean Difference ◽  
Copd Patients

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive condition characterized by chronic airway inflammation and lung parenchyma damage. Systemic inflammation and oxidative stress also play a role in the pathogenesis of COPD. Serum albumin is a negative acute-phase protein with antioxidant effects and an important marker of malnutrition. The aim of this meta-analysis was to investigate differences in serum albumin concentrations between patients with stable COPD and non-COPD subjects. Methods: A systematic search was conducted, using the terms “albumin” and “chronic obstructive pulmonary disease” or “COPD”, in the electronic databases PubMed and Web of Science, from inception to May 2020. Results: Twenty-six studies were identified on a total of 2554 COPD patients and 2055 non-COPD controls. Pooled results showed that serum albumin concentrations were significantly lower in COPD patients (standard mean difference, SMD = −0.50, 95% CI −0.67 to −0.32; p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed in SMD of serum albumin concentrations between COPD patients with forced expiratory volume in the 1st second (FEV1) < 50% and those with FEV1 > 50%. Conclusions: Our systematic review and meta-analysis showed that serum albumin concentrations are significantly lower in patients with stable COPD compared to non-COPD controls. This supports the presence of a deficit in systemic anti-inflammatory and antioxidant defense mechanisms in COPD.

scholarly journals Fibrinogen is a promising biomarker for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: evidence from a meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Zhou ◽  
Shufang Liu ◽  
Danni He ◽  
Kundi Wang ◽  
Yunfeng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Weighted Mean Difference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Acute Exacerbations ◽  
Global Initiative

Abstract Backgrounds: Some studies have reported association of circulating fibrinogen with the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and the results are conflicting. To yield more information, we aimed to test the hypothesis that circulating fibrinogen is a promising biomarker for COPD by a meta-analysis. Methods: Data extraction and quality assessment were independently completed by two authors. Effect-size estimates are expressed as weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: Forty-five articles involving 5586/18604 COPD patients/controls were incorporated. Overall analyses revealed significantly higher concentrations of circulating fibrinogen in COPD patients than in controls (WMD: 84.67 mg/dl; 95% CI: 64.24–105.10). Subgroup analyses by COPD course showed that the degree of increased circulating fibrinogen in patients with acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) relative to controls (WMD: 182.59 mg/dl; 95% CI: 115.93–249.25) tripled when compared in patients with stable COPD (WMD: 56.12 mg/dl; 95% CI: 34.56–77.67). By COPD severity, there was a graded increase in fibrinogen with the increased severity of COPD relative to controls (Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) I, II, III, and IV: WMD: 13.91, 29.19, 56.81, and 197.42 mg/dl; 95% CI: 7.70–20.11, 17.43–40.94, 39.20–74.41, and −7.88 to 402.73, respectively). There was a low probability of publication bias. Conclusion: Our findings indicate a graded, concentration-dependent, significant relation between higher circulating fibrinogen and more severity of COPD.

scholarly journals Mind–Body (Baduanjin) Exercise Prescription for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shi-Jie Liu ◽  
Zhanbing Ren ◽  
Lin Wang ◽  
Gao-Xia Wei ◽  
Liye Zou
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Exercise Prescription ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients

Baduanjin exercise is a traditional Chinese health Qigong routine created by an ancient physician for health promotion. Its mild-to-moderate exercise intensity is suitable for individuals with medical conditions. Recently, a large number of trials have been conducted to investigate the effects of Baduanjin exercise in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It remains to be determined whether Baduanjin exercise prescription is beneficial for the management of COPD patients. Thus, we conducted a systematic review to objectively evaluate the existing literature on this topic. We searched six databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang) from inception until early May 2018. The adapted Physical Therapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale was used for study quality assessment of all randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Based on 95% confidence interval (CI), the pooled effect size (Hedge’s g) of exercise capability (6-Minute Walking Test, 6-MWT), lung function parameters (forced expiratory volume in one second, FEV1; forced volume vital capacity, FVC; FEV1/FVC ratio), and quality of life were calculated based on the random-effects model. Twenty RCTs (n = 1975 COPD patients) were included in this review, with sum scores of the adapted PEDro scale between 5 and 9. Study results of the meta-analysis indicate that Baduanjin is effective in improving exercise capability (Hedge’s g = 0.69, CI 0.44 to 0.94, p < 0.001, I2 = 66%), FEV1 (Hedge’s g = 0.47, CI 0.22 to 0.73, p < 0.001, I2 = 68.01%), FEV1% (Hedge’s g = 0.38, CI 0.21 to 0.56, p < 0.001, I2 = 54.74%), FVC (Hedge’s g = 0.39, CI 0.22 to 0.56, p < 0.001, I2 = 14.57%), FEV1/FVC (Hedge’s g = 0.5, CI 0.33 to 0.68, p < 0.001, I2 = 53.49%), and the quality of life of COPD patients (Hedge’s g = −0.45, CI −0.77 to −0.12, p < 0.05, I2 = 77.02%), as compared to control groups. Baduanjin exercise as an adjunctive treatment may potentially improve exercise capability and pulmonary function of COPD patients as well as quality of life. Baduanjin exercise could be tentatively prescribed for COPD in combination with the conventional rehabilitation program to quicken the process of recovery. To confirm the positive effects of Baduanjin exercise for COPD patients, future researchers need to consider our suggestions mentioned in this article.

scholarly journals PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis: association of metabolic syndrome and its components with the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linyang Ye ◽  
Xi Huang ◽  
Qingxiang Wang ◽  
Hualing Yang ◽  
Dongmiao Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Weighted Mean Difference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Significant Heterogeneity ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Increased Risk

A preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses-compliant meta-analysis was conducted to test the association of metabolic syndrome and its components with the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) based on observational studies. Literature retrieval, article selection and data extraction were done by two researchers independently. Total 16 articles (20 independent studies) were analyzed with 3915 COPD patients and 25,790 control participants. Overall analysis indicated that metabolic syndrome was significantly associated with 1.53-fold (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.23–1.9, P<0.001) increased risk of COPD, with moderate heterogeneity (I2 = 74.3%). Of four metabolic components, hypertension was significantly associated with 1.55-fold (95% CI: 1.14–2.11, P=0.005) increased risk, and averaged levels of systolic blood pressure (weighted mean difference [WMD] = 3.626 mmHg, 95% CI: 1.537–5.714, P<0.001) and glucose (WMD = 2.976 mmol/l, 95% CI: 0.141–5.812; P=0.04) were significantly higher in COPD patients than in control participants, yet that of body mass index (WMD = −1.463 kg/m2, 95% CI: −2.716 to −0.211, P=0.022) were significantly lower. Gender, race, source of control participants, matched status and sample size were identified as accountable factors for significant heterogeneity. Altogether, the presence of metabolic syndrome, especially its component hypertension, was associated with significantly increased risk of COPD.

scholarly journals Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Blood Glutathione Redox State in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1146
Author(s):  
Salvatore Sotgia ◽  
Panagiotis Paliogiannis ◽  
Elisabetta Sotgiu ◽  
Sabrina Mellino ◽  
Elisabetta Zinellu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Antioxidant Defense System ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Copd Patients

The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the blood concentrations of the total and reduced forms of the low-molecular-weight antioxidant thiol glutathione (GSH) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients in comparison to healthy individuals. A literature search was conducted in the PubMed and Web of Science databases from inception until June 2020. In the 18 studies identified (involving a total of 974 COPD patients and 631 healthy controls), the pooled reduced GSH concentrations were significantly lower in patients with COPD than controls (SMD  =  −3.04, 95% CI = −4.42 to −1.67; p  <  0.001). By contrast, the pooled total GSH concentrations were significantly higher in patients with COPD than controls (SMD = 0.42, 95% CI = 0.11 to 0.73; p = 0.009). Our meta-analysis showed that the blood concentrations of reduced GSH, even in the presence of higher total GSH concentrations, were significantly lower in patients with COPD when compared to healthy controls. This suggests that an impaired antioxidant defense system plays an important role in the pathogenesis of COPD.

scholarly journals Comparative Effectiveness of Western and Eastern Manual Therapies for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1127
Author(s):  
Chan-Young Kwon ◽  
Boram Lee ◽  
Beom-Joon Lee ◽  
Kwan-Il Kim ◽  
Hee-Jae Jung
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Comparative Effectiveness ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients

Background: Manual therapy (MT) is considered a promising adjuvant therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Comparing the effectiveness among different Western and Eastern MTs being used for the management of COPD could potentially facilitate individualized management of COPD. This systematic review attempted to estimate the comparative effectiveness of Western and Eastern MTs for COPD patients using a network meta-analysis (NMA) methodology. Methods: Nine electronic databases were comprehensively searched for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published up to February 2021. Pair-wise meta-analysis and NMA were conducted on the outcomes of COPD, which included lung function and exercise capacity. Results: The NMA results from 30 included RCTs indicated that the optimal treatment for each outcome according to the surface under the cumulative ranking curve was massage, acupressure, massage, and tuina for forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC, and 6 min walking distance, respectively. Conclusions: MTs such as massage, acupressure, and tuina have shown comparative benefits for lung function and exercise capacity in COPD. However, the methodological quality of the included studies was poor, and the head-to-head trial comparing the effects of different types of MTs for COPD patients was insufficient. Therefore, further high-quality RCTs are essential.

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