scholarly journals Metronidazole- and Amoxicillin-Loaded PLGA and PCL Nanofibers as Potential Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Periodontitis: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluations

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 975
Author(s):  
Shahla Mirzaeei ◽  
Mahla Mansurian ◽  
Kofi Asare-Addo ◽  
Ali Nokhodchi
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
In Vitro Drug Release

The purpose of this study was to prepare poly (D-L) lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) and poly ε-caprolactone (PCL) nanofibers containing metronidazole and amoxicillin using an electrospinning process as intrapocket sustained-release drug delivery systems for the treatment of periodontal diseases. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the drug containing PLGA and PCL nanofibers produced from the electrospinning process was uniform and bead-free in morphology. The obtained nanofibers had a strong structure and resisted external tension according to the tensiometry results. The cytotoxicity results indicated acceptable cell viability (>80%). Quantification by high-performance liquid chromatography showed almost complete in vitro drug release between 7 and 9 days, whereas 14 days were required for complete drug release in vivo. No significant signs of irritation or inflammatory reaction were detected after three weeks of subcutaneous implantation of nanofibers in the animal models, thus indicating suitable compatibility. The results therefore suggest that the designed nanofibers can be used as potential commercial formulations in the treatment of periodontitis as controlled-release intrapocket drug delivery systems that can increase patient compliance. This is due to their ability to reduce the frequency of administration from three times daily in a systemic manner to once weekly as local delivery.

scholarly journals A hydrogel based quasi-stationary test system for in vitro dexamethasone release studies for middle ear drug delivery systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 692-695
Author(s):  
Thomas Eickner ◽  
Michael Teske ◽  
Natalia Rekowska ◽  
Volkmar Senz ◽  
Klaus-Peter Schmitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Drug Concentration ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Test System ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
In Vitro Drug Release

Abstract For the investigation of in vitro drug release, methods have been used in which samples of drug delivery systems are immersed in release medium. The medium is used to measure drug concentration via chromatography or photometry. These systems are suitable to investigate the drug release of different systems or to simulate tissue environments. When considering predominantly humid regions, e.g. for drug release into the cochlea through the round window membrane by a drug delivery system placed at that membrane, reproducible in vitro determination of drug release becomes particularly challenging. In this study the development of a system is reported that allows the investigation of the in vitro drug release simulating such conditions. The presented test system consists of an alginate hydrogel in glass vials simulating the biological membrane, which separates the drug delivery system from the medium filled compartment. Saline is used as release medium and injected under the hydrogel. The samples are placed on top of the hydrogel, which slightly contacts the medium surface. The drug concentration in the release medium was determined by HPLC measurements. This system allows for testing the release of dexamethasone without the samples being completely surrounded by medium. The hydrogel mediates the diffusion of the drug by ensuring the contact with the medium. Release was monitored for more than 23 days. The presented concept was successfully designed and manufactured. The system is inexpensive and can be duplicated easily. In this study, it was used to monitor the drug release of dexamethasone from PEGDA700 derived polymer. One challenge that remains to be considered is the low mechanical stability of the hydrogel, which results in a need for repeated manufacturing during the handling of the system.

scholarly journals Development and Evaluation of Novel Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems Based on a Homolipid from Capra hircus and Its Admixtures with Melon Oil for the Delivery of Indomethacin

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Nicholas C. Obitte ◽  
Kenneth C. Ofokansi ◽  
Franklin C. Kenechukwu
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

In this study, goat fat (Capra hircus) and melon oil were extracted and used to formulate self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) based on either goat fat alone or its admixture with melon oil by employing escalating ratios of oil(s), surfactant blend (1 : 1 Tween 60 and Tween 80), and cosurfactant (Span 85), with or without carbosil, a glidant, for the delivery of indomethacin. The formulations were encapsulated in hard gelatin capsules and then assessed using isotropicity test, aqueous dilution stability and precipitation propensity, absolute drug content, emulsification time, in vitro drug release, and anti-inflammatory activity. The SNEDDS exhibited low precipitation propensity and excellent stability on copious dilution, as well as high drug release in vitro and in vivo. The inhibition produced by the SNEDDS was comparable to that of indomethacin injection (positive control) for much of the 5 h test period, indicating a high degree of bioavailability of the administered SNEDDS. The absolute drug contents and emulsification times fell within narrow limits. This study has shown that a 1 : 1 ratio of melon oil and goat fat could confer favourable properties with respect to drug release and anti-inflammatory activity on SNEDDS for the delivery of indomethacin, thus encouraging further development of the formulations.

scholarly journals Carrier-free nanoparticles of camptothecin prodrug for chemo-photothermal therapy: the making, in vitro and in vivo testing

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mingtao Ao ◽  
Fei Yu ◽  
Yixiang Li ◽  
Mengya Zhong ◽  
Yonghe Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Photothermal Therapy ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Amphiphilic Drug ◽  
Carrier Free

Abstract Background Nanoscale drug delivery systems have emerged as broadly applicable approach for chemo-photothermal therapy. However, these nanoscale drug delivery systems suffer from carrier-induced toxicity, uncontrolled drug release and low drug carrying capacity issues. Thus, to develop carrier-free nanoparticles self-assembled from amphiphilic drug molecules, containing photothermal agent and anticancer drug, are very attractive. Results In this study, we conjugated camptothecin (CPT) with a photothermal agent new indocyanine green (IR820) via a redox-responsive disulfide linker. The resulting amphiphilic drug–drug conjugate (IR820-SS-CPT) can self-assemble into nanoparticles (IR820-SS-CPT NPs) in aqueous solution, thus remarkably improving the membrane permeability of IR820 and the aqueous solubility of CPT. The disulfide bond in the IR820-SS-CPT NPs could be cleaved in GSH rich tumor microenvironment, leading to the on demand release of the conjugated drug. Importantly, the IR820-SS-CPT NPs displayed an extremely high therapeutic agent loading efficiency (approaching 100%). Besides, in vitro experimental results indicated that IR820-SS-CPT NPs displayed remarkable tumor cell killing efficiency. Especially, the IR820-SS-CPT NPs exhibited excellent anti-tumor effects in vivo. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted, which have indicated that the design of IR820-SS-CPT NPs can provide an efficient nanotherapeutics for chemo-photothermal therapy. Conclusion A novel activatable amphiphilic small molecular prodrug IR820-SS-CPT has been developed in this study, which integrated multiple advantages of GSH-triggered drug release, high therapeutic agent content, and combined chemo-photothermal therapy into one drug delivery system. Graphical Abstract

scholarly journals Hydrogels as Drug Delivery Systems: A Review of Current Characterization and Evaluation Techniques

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1188
Author(s):  
Margaux Vigata ◽  
Christoph Meinert ◽  
Dietmar W. Hutmacher ◽  
Nathalie Bock
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Local Drug Delivery ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
In Vivo Models

Owing to their tunable properties, controllable degradation, and ability to protect labile drugs, hydrogels are increasingly investigated as local drug delivery systems. However, a lack of standardized methodologies used to characterize and evaluate drug release poses significant difficulties when comparing findings from different investigations, preventing an accurate assessment of systems. Here, we review the commonly used analytical techniques for drug detection and quantification from hydrogel delivery systems. The experimental conditions of drug release in saline solutions and their impact are discussed, along with the main mathematical and statistical approaches to characterize drug release profiles. We also review methods to determine drug diffusion coefficients and in vitro and in vivo models used to assess drug release and efficacy with the goal to provide guidelines and harmonized practices when investigating novel hydrogel drug delivery systems.

scholarly journals REVIEW ON NOVEL OSMOTIC DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (5-s) ◽  
pp. 87-93
Author(s):  
AS Bansode ◽  
K Sarvanan
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
The Body

Novel drug delivery systems (NDDS) are the key area of pharmaceutical research and Development. The reason is relatively low development cost and time required for introducing a NDDS as compared to new chemical entity. Many conventional drug delivery systems have been designed to modulate the release a drug over an extended period of a time. Various designs are available to control or modulate the drug release from a dosage forms. Majority of oral CR dosage forms fall in the category of matrix, reservoir or osmotic systems. Osmotically controlled drug delivery systems (OCDDS) is one of the most promising drug delivery technology that use osmotic pressure as a driving force for controlled delivery of active agents. Drug release from OCDDS is independent of pH and hydrodynamic conditions of the body because of the semipermeable nature of the Rate controlling membrane and the design of deliver orifice used in osmotic systems, so a high degree of In vitro/In vivo correlation is achieved. Osmotic drug delivery systems release the drug with the zero order kinetics which does not depend on the initial concentration and the physiological factors of GIT. This review brings out new technologies, fabrication and recent clinical research in osmotic drug delivery. Keywords: Osmotic, Matrix, Reservoir, Fabrication

scholarly journals Solubility Enhancement of Aripiprazole by Solid-Self Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amoolya Chennuri ◽  
D. Prasanthi
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Ternary Phase Diagram ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Aqueous Solubility ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
In Vitro Drug Release ◽  
Pure Drug

Self-emulsifying drug delivery systems are a promising aptemsproach for the formulation of drug compounds with poor aqueous solubility. The main objective of this work was to formulate liquid and solid-self emulsifying drug delivery systems for poorly soluble aripiprazole. Aripiprazole is an atypical anti-psychotic drug used in the management of schizophrenia. The maximum solubility of aripiprazole was found in oleic acid (oil), Tween 80 (surfactant) and Transcutol P (co-surfactant). The L-SMEDDS were formulated in different ratios of oil: s-mix (surfactant: co-surfactant) from 1:9 to 9:1. For the formulation of stable SMEDDS, micro-emulsion region was identified by constructing pseudo-ternary phase diagram by phase titration method. The optimized F4 formulation was at the ratio of 4 (oil): 6 (s-mix). In-vitro drug release of F4 was significantly higher (99.89%) when compared to the pure drug (43.63%) in 1 hour. The F4 formulation had a droplet size of 115.9 nm and zeta potential of -24.9 mV. The pre-compression and post-compression parameters of the optimized S-SMEDDS formulation (SS1) containing Neusilin US2 as solid adsorbent were within the limits as per the official requirements of the Pharmacopoeia. SS1 formulation showed a better drug release (97% in 20 minutes) when compared to the marketed drug (59.75%) and pure drug (19.77%). In conclusion, this study illustrated that adsorption to solid carrier technique could be a useful method to prepare the solid SMEDDS tablets from liquid SMEDDS, which can enhance the solubility and improve the in-vitro drug release of aripiprazole.

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