scholarly journals Blood Biomarkers in Frontotemporal Dementia: Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 244
Author(s):  
Sofia Ntymenou ◽  
Ioanna Tsantzali ◽  
Theodosis Kalamatianos ◽  
Konstantinos I. Voumvourakis ◽  
Elisabeth Kapaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Lumbar Puncture ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Blood Biomarkers

Biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are useful in the differential diagnosis between frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Alzheimer’s dementia (AD), but require lumbar puncture, which is a moderately invasive procedure that can cause anxiety to patients. Gradually, the measurement of blood biomarkers has been attracting great interest. Testing blood instead of CSF, in order to measure biomarkers, offers numerous advantages because it negates the need for lumbar puncture, it is widely available, and can be repeated, allowing the prediction of disease course. In this study, a systematic review of the existing literature was conducted, as well as meta-analysis with greater emphasis on the most studied biomarkers, p-tau and progranulin. The goal was to give prominence to evidence regarding the use of plasma biomarkers in clinical practice.

Cerebrospinal Fluid: When Is It Worthwhile to Do a Lumbar Puncture?

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (S16) ◽  
pp. 25-27
Author(s):  
Elaine R. Peskind
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Lumbar Puncture ◽  
Tau Proteins ◽  
Cns Infection ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Practice Parameters ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
Differential Diagnosis Of Dementia

Clinicians should have an understanding of a lumbar puncture is indicated in the differential diagnosis of dementia and delirium. In most cases, this procedure is not commonly performed in outpatient practice for the differential diagnosis of dementia. However, in patients who have acute or subacute onset or a very rapid decline—such as in suspected Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD)—cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) 14-3-3, and tau proteins can be diagnostic for at least sporadic CJD. Practice parameters from the American Academy of Neurology (AAN) suggest performing a spinal tap on patients ≤55 years of age. However, that recommendation may not always be beneficial, particularly in a patient who has a prominent family history of either Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or frontotemporal dementia. Per the AAN practice parameter, lumbar puncture for CSF analysis is indicated in the diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) infection, carcinomatous meningitis, or CNS vasculitis.Beyond the clinically indicated lumbar puncture, there is utility of CSF biomarkers, including CSF Aβ42, total tau, and phospho-tau, which are the best studied. These biomarkers may be useful for cases involving atypical presentations of dementia, eg, when it is difficult to determine if the patient has AD versus frontotemporal dementia. They may be most useful for cases in which there is an atypical presentation of the fluorodeoxyglucose PET image or PET image features of both AD and frontotemporal dementia.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Biomarkers in Cerebrospinal Fluid in Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma: A Protocol for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lili Zhou ◽  
Hai Yi ◽  
Dan Chen ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
Fangyi Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Central Nervous System Lymphoma ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Excisional Biopsy ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Cochrane Library

Abstract BackgroundPrimary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a highly aggressive non-hodgkin’s lymphoma with unfavorable prognosis. Currently, the diagnosis of PCNSL relies on brain excisional biopsy, which is an invasive procedure, carries the risk of complications such as intracranial hemorrhage and functional impairment. Finding effective biomarkers will help us to diagnose PCNSL faster and safer.MethodsThis systematic review will be conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocol (PRISMA-P) 2015 guideline.We will search databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Medline, Web of Science, EMBASE and CNKI. The studies that demonstrated the diagnostic value of certain biomarkers in CSF for PCNSL will be included. For quantitative value, the standardized mean diffenence (SMD) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) will be calculated. The outcomes are the mean difference of biomarker levels in CSF between PCNSL patients and controls.DiscussionIn this systematic review we will analyze the studies of the biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid for diagnosis of PCNSL. This research can help us to identify the biomarkers with diagnostic value for PCNSL, making diagnosis of PCNSL easier, faster and safer.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42020218143.

scholarly journals Cerebrospinal fluid leakage after cranial surgery in the pediatric population—a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma M. H. Slot ◽  
Kirsten M. van Baarsen ◽  
Eelco W. Hoving ◽  
Nicolaas P. A. Zuithoff ◽  
Tristan P. C van Doormaal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Leakage Rate ◽  
Csf Leak ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid Leakage ◽  
Cranial Surgery ◽  
Csf Leakage

Abstract Background Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage is a common complication after neurosurgical intervention. It is associated with substantial morbidity and increased healthcare costs. The current systematic review and meta-analysis aim to quantify the incidence of cerebrospinal fluid leakage in the pediatric population and identify its risk factors. Methods The authors followed the PRISMA guidelines. The Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane database were searched for studies reporting CSF leakage after intradural cranial surgery in patients up to 18 years old. Meta-analysis of incidences was performed using a generalized linear mixed model. Results Twenty-six articles were included in this systematic review. Data were retrieved of 2929 patients who underwent a total of 3034 intradural cranial surgeries. Surprisingly, only four of the included articles reported their definition of CSF leakage. The overall CSF leakage rate was 4.4% (95% CI 2.6 to 7.3%). The odds of CSF leakage were significantly greater for craniectomy as opposed to craniotomy (OR 4.7, 95% CI 1.7 to 13.4) and infratentorial as opposed to supratentorial surgery (OR 5.9, 95% CI 1.7 to 20.6). The odds of CSF leakage were significantly lower for duraplasty use versus no duraplasty (OR 0.41 95% CI 0.2 to 0.9). Conclusion The overall CSF leakage rate after intradural cranial surgery in the pediatric population is 4.4%. Risk factors are craniectomy and infratentorial surgery. Duraplasty use is negatively associated with CSF leak. We suggest defining a CSF leak as “leakage of CSF through the skin,” as an unambiguous definition is fundamental for future research.

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