scholarly journals The Spatial Structure of Yazd Courtyard Houses: A Space Syntax Analysis of the Topological Characteristics of the Courtyard

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 262
Author(s):  
Mina Zolfagharkhani ◽  
Michael J. Ostwald
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Syntax Analysis ◽  
Topological Pattern ◽  
Iranian History ◽  
Space Syntax Analysis ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Courtyard House

An important “architectural type” in Iranian history is the Yazd courtyard house. This historic building type features a walled boundary that contains a complex pattern of open (to the sky), semi-enclosed and enclosed spaces. The planning of the courtyard in these houses has typically been interpreted as either a response to changing socio-cultural values or to local climatic conditions. Such theories about the planning of these houses are based on a series of assumptions about (i) the numbers of courtyards and rooms they contain, (ii) their unchanging nature over time and (iii) a topological pattern existing in the relationship between the courtyard and the rest of the plan. Yet, these assumptions, all of which have an impact on the socio-cultural or climatic interpretation of this famous architectural type, have never been tested. In response, this paper uses a computational and mathematical method drawn from Space Syntax to measure the spatial topology of 37 plans of Yazd’s most significant courtyard houses. These houses, which are classified by the Yazd Cultural Heritage Organization, were constructed between the 11th and 20th CE centuries and are all exemplars of this type. This paper develops three hypotheses around the assumptions found in past research about the characteristic planning of the Yazd courtyard house. Then, using quantitative measures derived from plan graph analysis, the paper develops a series of longitudinal trends to test the hypotheses and explore changes that have occurred in this architectural type over time.

SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF KAUNAS AND ITS INFLUENCE ON SECURITY IN PUBLIC SPACES AND GREEN RECREATIONAL AREAS / KAUNO MIESTO ERDVINĖS STRUKTŪROS ĮTAKA SAUGUMUI VIEŠOSIOSE ERDVĖSE IR ŽALIOSIOSE REKREACINĖSE TERITORIJOSE

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 272-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kęstutis Zaleckis ◽  
Irina Matijošaitienė
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Important Conclusion ◽  
Syntax Analysis ◽  
The Public ◽  
Space Syntax Analysis ◽  
Crime Risks

In the article the influence of spatial structure on the safety of citizens in the public spaces is analyzed from the perspective of spatial determinism. The safety in green recreational areas is also discussed. Kaunas is chosen as the research polygon. Axial map of Kaunas was prepared while using both traditional method of space syntax and model of continuity lines. Method of overlapping layers was employed to combine the following data: space syntax analysis, crime, density of population, borders of the neighbourhoods, urban morphotypes, etc. The regularities of relations between spatial structure of Kaunas and higher crime risks were identified. Important conclusion is that the above mentioned regularities are stronger at the local level of urban structure. Santrauka Straipsnyje, žvelgiant iš erdvinio determinizmo pozicijų, analizuojama miesto erdvinės struktūros įtaka gyventojų saugumui viešosiose erdvėse, atskirai skiriant dėmesio ir saugumui žaliosiose rekreacinėse teritorijose. Pasirinkus Kauną kaip tyrimų poligoną, parengtas jo ašinis žemėlapis, taikant tradicinį ir tęstines linijas modeliuojantį erdvės sintaksės metodą. Taikant sluoksnių perdengimų metodą, sugretinus erdvės sintaksės tyrimų rezultatus, informaciją apie nusikalstamumą, gyventojų tankumo žemėlapį, teritorinių miesto vienetų ribas ir užstatymo morfotipus, išryškinti dėsningumai, susiejantys erdvinės miesto struktūros charakteristikas ir didesnę nusikalstamumo riziką. Nustatyti dėsningumai ryškesni kaimynysčių lygmenyje ir ne tokie ryškūs viso miesto lygmenyje.

scholarly journals RUMAH GADANG : RUANG DAN BUDAYA MAKAN DALAM SIKLUS HIDUP MASYARAKAT MINANGKABAU

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-107
Author(s):  
Vania Dwi Amanda Surya ◽  
Gregorius Prasetyo Adhitama
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Social Space ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Syntax Analysis ◽  
Kinship System ◽  
Physical Elements ◽  
Space Syntax Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Padang restaurants with specialty food rendang represent the Minangkabau's eating culture. The effect of modernization and media social in the eating culture has indistinct the origin of Minangkabau's eating culture and leads to the uniformity of design, mostly its space and physical elements in the traditional building. Whereas in the roots, eating activities according to the Minangkabau custom still carried out, such as Makan Bajamba. It is essential to study the origin of Minangkabau space and eating culture before learning design development. The main problem is how the relationship between space and eating culture in the life cycle of Minangkabau society carried out at Rumah Gadang. By using a mix-method, a qualitative approach is a case study at Rumah Gadang Istana Rajo Alam Tuanku Disambah and quantitative approaches using space syntax analysis on the dimensions of connectivity and integrity. Data were from literature studies, interviews, and direct observations on how Rumah Gadang facilitated eating activities. The result shows that Rumah Gadang effectively assisted the eating culture in the life cycle of its people. The space configuration in the process of eating activities is following the roles of women and men based on a matrilineal kinship system. The seat position rules for Minangkabau men from  the matrilineal kinship system divided Ruang Lepas into smaller areas, marked by walls, columns, and seprah clothes. All space of eating activities is a social space where interactions took place as a reflection of Minangkabau customs. The space syntax analysis clarifies the relationship between space and eating activities based on the matrilineal kinship system and the social interactions that occur with the space used. For future research, the space syntax analysis is useful as a perspective to learn the relationship between space and culture.

scholarly journals Space Syntax Analysis Applied to Urban Street Lighting: Relations between Spatial Properties and Lighting Levels

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (16) ◽  
pp. 3331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Leccese ◽  
Davide Lista ◽  
Giacomo Salvadori ◽  
Marco Beccali ◽  
Marina Bonomolo
Keyword(s):  
Central Italy ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Technical Standards ◽  
Syntax Analysis ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
Spatial Properties ◽  
Lighting Systems ◽  
Space Syntax Analysis

According to the international technical standards, higher lighting levels (luminance and illuminance levels) are expected in trafficked and central roads (where restrictive minimum lighting requirements are necessary) and lower lighting levels are expected in peripheral and less trafficked roads. Starting from this assumption, in this paper, the authors analyse the correlations between spatial properties (expressed by spatial indicators, for example, the integration index and the choice index) and lighting levels (expressed by lighting parameters, for example luminance and illuminance) upon roads of an urban context. The analysis has been applied to the case study of the medium sized town of Pontedera (central Italy). From the obtained results, it has been possible to observe how the correlations between integration index and luminance and illuminance values are significant in the case of roads equipped with lighting systems able to satisfy the lighting requirements established by the regulations. The presence of the discussed correlations lays the foundation for a change in the lighting design approach on urban scale, being able to set lighting requirements on the basis of space syntax results without the use of traditional methods of road classifications involving traffic volume estimations.

scholarly journals 3D Space Syntax Analysis: Attributes to be Applied in Landscape Architecture Projects

Urban Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
António Ascensão ◽  
Laura Costa ◽  
Cláudia Fernandes ◽  
Franklim Morais ◽  
Catarina Ruivo
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Landscape Architecture ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Growth Speed ◽  
Syntax Analysis ◽  
3D Space ◽  
Final Design ◽  
3D Software ◽  
Space Syntax Analysis

The article delves into the potential application of space syntax methodology to landscape architecture. Anticipating the complexity of the landscape architectural design process, the use of 3D space syntax analysis made it possible to better understand the relations between urban space shapes and their functions. The application of an iterative process of project improvement optimizes the fulfilment of the landscape architect vision, through changes in ground shaping, selection of tree species and their spatial distribution. This article explores the vegetation attributes of vegetation that are necessary to consider in landscape architecture projects in the context of the DepthSpace 3D software, using the case study of an urban park in Maia—Portugal. To achieve this, it was necessary to define the attributes to be inserted in the software. The main attributes of vegetation that can be employed in landscape architecture projects are form and dimension, growth speed, and visual permeability (opacity) of the crown in winter and summer. The software proved itself a useful tool, not only in studying and evaluating the effects of the final design, but also during project development.

scholarly journals Improving Traffic Noise Simulations Using Space Syntax: Preliminary Results from Two Roadway Systems

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel M. Dzhambov ◽  
Donka D. Dimitrova ◽  
Tanya H. Turnovska
Keyword(s):  
City Planning ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Space Syntax ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Linkage Study ◽  
Syntax Analysis ◽  
Noise Simulation ◽  
Scientific Attention ◽  
Space Syntax Analysis

AbstractNoise pollution is one of the four major pollutions in the world. In order to implement adequate strategies for noise control, assessment of traffic-generated noise is essential in city planning and management. The aim of this study was to determine whether space syntax could improve the predictive power of noise simulation. This paper reports a record linkage study which combined a documentary method with space syntax analysis. It analyses data about traffic flow as well as field-measured and computer-simulated traffic noise in two Bulgarian agglomerations. Our findings suggest that space syntax might have a potential in predicting traffic noise exposure by improving models for noise simulations using specialised software or actual traffic counts. The scientific attention might need to be directed towards space syntax in order to study its further application in current models and algorithms for noise prediction.

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