scholarly journals From Micro to Long: Non-Coding RNAs in Tamoxifen Resistance of Breast Cancer Cells

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3688
Author(s):  
Jéssica Fernanda Barazetti ◽  
Tayana Shultz Jucoski ◽  
Tamyres Mingorance Carvalho ◽  
Rafaela Nasser Veiga ◽  
Ana Flávia Kohler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Hormone Receptor ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Alpha ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Tamoxifen Resistance ◽  
Hormone Receptor Positive ◽  
Current State ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Multiple Signaling

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer mortality among women. Two thirds of patients are classified as hormone receptor positive, based on expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), the main driver of breast cancer cell proliferation, and/or progesterone receptor, which is regulated by ERα. Despite presenting the best prognosis, these tumors can recur when patients acquire resistance to treatment by aromatase inhibitors or antiestrogen such as tamoxifen (Tam). The mechanisms that are involved in Tam resistance are complex and involve multiple signaling pathways. Recently, roles for microRNAs and lncRNAs in controlling ER expression and/or tamoxifen action have been described, but the underlying mechanisms are still little explored. In this review, we will discuss the current state of knowledge on the roles of microRNAs and lncRNAs in the main mechanisms of tamoxifen resistance in hormone receptor positive breast cancer. In the future, this knowledge can be used to identify patients at a greater risk of relapse due to the expression patterns of ncRNAs that impact response to Tam, in order to guide their treatment more efficiently and possibly to design therapeutic strategies to bypass mechanisms of resistance.

scholarly journals ROLE OF CYCLIN D1 IN THE MECHANISMS OF TAMOXIFEN RESISTANCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 138-145
Author(s):  
D. B. Erdyneeva ◽  
N. N. Babyshkina ◽  
T. A. Dronova ◽  
S. V. Vtorushin ◽  
E. M. Slonimskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cyclin D1 ◽  
Hormone Receptor ◽  
Molecular Subtype ◽  
Regulatory Protein ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Tamoxifen Resistance ◽  
Hormone Receptor Positive ◽  
Tamoxifen Efficacy ◽  
Positive Breast Cancer

Hormone-receptor positive breast cancer is the most common molecular subtype and represents 60–75 % of all breast cancers (BC). The presence of specific molecular targets such as the estrogen/progesterone receptor determines the use of hormone therapy for patients with this subtype. Tamoxifen, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, remains the first adjuvant treatment choice for the hormone-receptor positive BC patients. However, tamoxifen resistance is the major limitation of its efficacy. In this regard, the study of drug resistance mechanisms as well as search for biological prognostic markers of tamoxifen efficacy is very important. Cyclin D1 is a representative of the regulatory protein family, which plays a central role in the cell cycle regulation. The data on the association between cyclin D1 and estrogen-dependent signaling as well as the characteristics of CCND1 gene and its most studied polymorphic loci, were presented. The prognostic significance of cyclin D1 in hormone-receptor positive BC receptor-positive breast cancer was described. The experimental and clinical studies data on the association between the cyclin D1 expression level and tamoxifen efficacy are analyzed. Current approaches to overcoming hormone resistance based on cyclin D1 studies were considered.

Prognostic significance of body mass index in breast cancer patients with hormone receptor-positive tumours after curative surgery

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Xing ◽  
Ji-Guang Li ◽  
Feng Jin ◽  
Ting-Ting Zhao ◽  
Qun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Hormone Receptor ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Axillary Lymph ◽  
Nodal Stage ◽  
Hormone Receptor Positive ◽  
High Bmi

Purpose: Obesity has been recognized as a significant risk factor for postmenopausal breast cancer. The aim of this study is to investigate the prognostic significance of body mass index (BMI) in hormone receptor-positive, operable breast cancer. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, 1,192 consecutive patients with curative resection of primary breast cancer were enrolled. Patients were assigned to two groups according to BMI: normal or underweight (BMI < 23.0 kg/m2) and overweight or obese (BMI ≥23.0 kg/m2). Associations among BMI and clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients were assessed. Results: A high BMI was significantly (P < 0.01) correlated with age, nodal stage, ALNR, ER positivity, PR positivity and menopausal status at diagnosis. Univariate analysis revealed that BMI, pathologic T stage, nodal stage, axillary lymph node ratio (ALNR) and adjuvant radiotherapy history were significantly (P < 0.05) associated with disease-free survival and overall survival, irrespective of tumour hormone receptor status. Multivariate analysis revealed BMI as an independent prognostic factor in all cases and in hormone receptor-positive cases. Conclusion: A high BMI (≥23.0 kg/m^2) is independently associated with poor prognosis in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.

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