scholarly journals N-myc Downstream-Regulated Gene 2 (NDRG2) Function as a Positive Regulator of Apoptosis: A New Insight into NDRG2 as a Tumor Suppressor

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2649
Author(s):  
Gayeon Kim ◽  
Seyeon Lim ◽  
Kwang Dong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Suppressor Gene ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
Ndrg2 Expression ◽  
Suppressor Mechanism ◽  
Aggressive Tumor ◽  
Patient Prognosis ◽  
Cancer Drug Treatment ◽  
Insight Into

N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) is a tumor suppressor gene that increases tumor sensitivity to anticancer drugs, slows tumor progression, and inhibits metastasis. NDRG2 is suppressed in various aggressive tumor positions, whereas NDRG2 expression is associated with patient prognosis, such as an improved survival rate. In this review, we summarize the tumor suppressor mechanism of NDRG2 and provide information on the function of NDRG2 concerning the susceptibility of cells to apoptosis. NDRG2 increases the susceptibility to apoptosis in various physiological environments of cells, such as development, hypoxia, nutrient deprivation, and cancer drug treatment. Although the molecular and cell biological mechanisms of NDRG2 have not been fully elucidated, we provide information on the mechanisms of NDRG2 in relation to apoptosis in various environments. This review can assist the design of research regarding NDRG2 function and suggests the potential of NDRG2 as a molecular target for cancer patients.

scholarly journals Associations Between TFPI-2 Methylation and Poor Prognosis in Glioblastomas Paulina Vaitkienė, Daina Skiriutė, Kęstutis Skauminas

Medicina ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulina Vaitkienė ◽  
Daina Skiriutė ◽  
Kęstutis Skauminas ◽  
Arimantas Tamašauskas
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Tumor Suppressor Genes ◽  
Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor ◽  
Methylation Status ◽  
Promoter Hypermethylation ◽  
Suppressor Gene ◽  
Normal Brain ◽  
Tissue Factor Pathway ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Patient Prognosis

Background and Objective. The epigenetic silencing of tumor suppressor genes plays an important role in gliomagenesis. Recently, tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 (TFPI-2) has been suggested as a tumor suppressor gene involved in tumorigenesis and metastasis in some cancers. However, to date, little is known about the methylation status of TFPI-2 gene in glioblastoma tissues. In this study, we aimed to investigate the methylation status of TFPI-2 promoter and its associations with patient prognosis in glioblastoma. Material and Methods. The methylation status of TFPI-2 was investigated by methylationspecific polymerase chain reaction in 99 glioblastoma patients. The associations between patients’ clinical variables and overall survival time were assessed. Results. TFPI-2 was aberrantly methylated in 22.2% (22/99) of glioblastoma tumors, but was not methylated in normal brain samples. The survival of patients with glioblastoma differed significantly between the methylated and unmethylated TFPI-2 groups (P=0.047). The 2-year survival among patients carrying methylated TFPI-2 tumors was significantly lower compared with that of patients with unmethylated TFPI-2 (27% versus 4.7%, P=0.037). Conclusions. The present work demonstrated that the epigenetic inactivation of TFPI-2 by promoter hypermethylation was a frequent and tumor-specific event in glioblastoma, and TFPI-2 promoter methylation might be considered as a prognostic marker in glioblastoma.

CENP-C: An oncogene or tumor suppressor gene? A possible new tumor marker

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A299-A299
Author(s):  
D KAZANOV ◽  
B STERN ◽  
W PYERIN ◽  
O BOECHER ◽  
H STRUL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Tumor Marker ◽  
Tumor Suppressor Gene ◽  
Suppressor Gene

Neuroradiology Manifestations of Li-Fraumeni Syndrome: Epidemiology, Genetics, Imaging Findings, and Management

Neurographics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 228-235
Author(s):  
S. Naganawa ◽  
T. Donohue ◽  
A. Capizzano ◽  
Y. Ota ◽  
J. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Tumor Suppressor Gene ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Suppressor Gene ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Li Fraumeni Syndrome ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Li Fraumeni ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

Li-Fraumeni syndrome is a familial cancer predisposition syndrome associated with germline mutation of the tumor suppressor gene 53, which encodes the tumor suppressor p53 protein. Affected patients are predisposed to an increased risk of cancer development, including soft-tissue sarcomas, breast cancer, brain tumors, and adrenocortical carcinoma, among other malignancies. The tumor suppressor gene TP53 plays an important, complex role in regulating the cell cycle, collaborating with transcription factors and other proteins. The disruption of appropriate cell cycle regulation by mutated TP53 is considered to be the cause of tumorigenesis in Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Appropriate surveillance, predominantly by using MR imaging, is used for early malignancy screening in an effort to improve the survival rate among individuals who are affected. Patients with Li-Fraumeni syndrome are also at increased risk for neoplasm development after radiation exposure, and, therefore, avoiding unnecessary radiation in both the diagnostic and therapeutic settings is paramount. Here, we review the epidemiology, genetics, imaging findings, and the current standard surveillance protocol for Li-Fraumeni syndrome from the National Comprehensive Cancer Network as well as potential treatment options.Learning Objective: Describe the cause of second primary malignancy among patients with Li-Fraumeni syndrome.

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