scholarly journals Multiscale CT-Based Computational Modeling of Alveolar Gas Exchange during Artificial Lung Ventilation, Cluster (Biot) and Periodic (Cheyne-Stokes) Breathings and Bronchial Asthma Attack

Computation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Golov ◽  
Sergey Simakov ◽  
Yan Soe ◽  
Roman Pryamonosov ◽  
Ospan Mynbaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Computational Modeling ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Lung Ventilation ◽  
Artificial Lung ◽  
Asthma Attack ◽  
Artificial Lung Ventilation ◽  
Alveolar Gas Exchange

Progressive Early Rehabilitation Program Applied to Patients with Acute Cerebrovascular Accident

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Ramazanov ◽  
L. B. Zavaliy ◽  
L. L. Semenov ◽  
S. A. Abudeev ◽  
A. O. Ptitsyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrovascular Accident ◽  
Lung Ventilation ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Artificial Lung ◽  
Early Rehabilitation ◽  
Gravity Gradient ◽  
Acute Cerebrovascular Accident ◽  
Artificial Lung Ventilation ◽  
Bed Days ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

Abstract. Early rehabilitation (ER) of patients with acute cerebrovascular accident (ACA) is one of the priority tasks of the vascular centers; the issue of increasing the volume of rehabilitation measures in the resuscitation and intensive care units (ICU) is relevant. Objective. To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the progressive ER program in patients with ACA. Material and research methods. The study included 129 patients with ACA in ICU. Each patient of the main group (MGr, n = 61) underwent progressive ER: at least 4–5 vertical adjustments per day, passive mode Kinesiotherapy 49 ± 9.3 minutes, a double load of physiotherapy exercises, preventive physiotherapy; the total time of classes reached 240 minutes per day. In the comparison group (СGr, n = 68), standard ER was performed no more than 120 minutes per day. The groups are comparable by sex, age, severity of the disease and comorbidity. The severity of ACA, the gravity gradient, patient mobility, functional status, degree of dependence, and the presence of complications were evaluated. Results. During a month of work with the MGr, 102 ICU bed-days, 94 days of the artificial lung ventilation use, p < 0.05 were saved. Mortality in MGr decreased -— 8 patients (13.1%) versus 14 (20.6%) in CGr (p < 0.05). In patients within CGr, pulmonary thromboembolism developed in 8.8%, in MGr – in 3.3%. The severity of the apoplectic attack decreased ( by 28% in MGr, and by 20% in CGr ), mobility increased. Comparing the modalities of post resuscitationsyndrome in MGr, it was noted that the score decreased by 2 times from 6 [5; 6] to 3 [2.3; 3.3], but it has not changed in the CGr. Patients in the MGr were 2-–3 days earlier adapted to the vertical adjustment. Conclusions. The progressive ER program in ICU is safe, effective, realisable, and allows reducing the number of bed-days in ICU, the number of days of the artificial lung ventilation use, complications, and mortality in comparison with standard medical care.

scholarly journals Severe Sepsis – Clinical Manifestations and Pharmaco-Economic Analysis in an Intensive Care Unit in Latvia

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-244
Author(s):  
Linda Brīdiņa ◽  
Angelika Krūmiņa ◽  
Oļegs Šuba ◽  
Vinita Cauce ◽  
Indulis Vanags ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Severe Sepsis ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Lung Ventilation ◽  
Artificial Lung ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Hospitalised Patients ◽  
Artificial Lung Ventilation

Abstract Sepsis is widespread among hospitalised patients worldwide. In fact, severe sepsis and septic shock is a major cause of patient admission and mortality in intensive care units and the difficulty in diagnosing the initial stage of the disease is a major obstacle to the reduction of mortality from sepsis. Retrospective analysis of medical records of 72 patients was carried out within the framework of the study. The study included patients of both sexes and all ages, who were hospitalised at the stationary “Gaiļezers” of the Rīga East Clinical University Hospital from 2011 to 2014. The study aim was to determine the clinical course of treated septic patients and conduct a pharmaco-economic analysis. In the course of the disease, almost half of the patients - 34 (48.6%) showed development of septic shock. Mortality in these patients exceeded a half (60.0%; 21 patients). Artificial lung ventilation during hospitalisation was received by 43 (59.7%) of patients. Artificial lung ventilation had been required in a significantly larger number of cases in the dead patient group (75%, p = 0.01). The average costs per one patient day (including bed-day price and manipulation costs) was 383 euros. Septic shock was associated with high mortality. Severe sepsis is an expensive diagnosis, as the average cost of one patient exceeds costs of other departments by 4.5 times.

Lung Ventilation: Natural and Mechanical

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Lei
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Critical Care ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Positive Pressure Ventilation ◽  
Lung Ventilation ◽  
Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation ◽  
Artificial Lung ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Artificial Lung Ventilation

‘Lung Ventilation: Natural and Mechanical’ describes the processes of respiration and lung ventilation, focusing on those issues related directly to mechanical ventilation. The chapter starts by discussing the anatomy and physiology of respiration, and the involvement of the lungs and the entire respiratory system. It continues by introducing the three operating principles of mechanical ventilation. It then narrows its focus to intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV), the operating principle of most modern critical care ventilators, explaining the pneumatic process of IPPV. The chapter ends by comparing natural and mechanical/artificial lung ventilation.

Pulmonary Catamnesis in Children on Artificial Lung Ventilation in the Neonatal Period

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Yuliya Borisovna Klyukhina ◽  
Lyudmila Aleksandrovna Zhelenina ◽  
Dmitriy Olegovich Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Death Rate ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Lung Ventilation ◽  
Artificial Lung ◽  
Pulmonary Diseases ◽  
Premature Babies ◽  
Artificial Lung Ventilation ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Diseases ◽  
Pulmonary Morbidity

Bronchopulmonary pathology is the most frequent cause of morbidity and mortality among newborn infants. Emergency aid and inten-sive care to newborn infants decrease death rate among children; at the same time, they cause an increase in pulmonary morbidity. The article deals with data concerning generation of bronchopulmonary diseases in children who underwent resuscitation in neonatal period, tracks pulmonary catamnesis, and analyzes hereditary load. The article confirms the adverse effect of artificial lung ventilation on lungs of both mature and premature babies. Neonatal pneumonia, together with iatrogenic factors of emergency care, is a dominating factor in formation of chronic non-specific pulmonary diseases in catamnesis.

A proportional electropneumatic regulator and prospects for its application in devices for artificial lung ventilation

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Kantor ◽  
G. S. Leskin ◽  
M. Yu. Rachkov ◽  
S. V. Ul'yannov
Keyword(s):  
Lung Ventilation ◽  
Artificial Lung ◽  
Artificial Lung Ventilation

scholarly journals Retrograde Tracheal Intubation: Indications, Stages, Technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 292-307
Author(s):  
A. Chaulin ◽  
V. Vankov
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Tracheal Intubation ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Lung Ventilation ◽  
Artificial Lung ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
Artificial Lung Ventilation ◽  
Rich History

Retrograde tracheal intubation occupies an important place in modern clinical practice and experimental studies when performing artificial lung ventilation to maintain vital functions of the human and mammalian body. Retrograde tracheal intubation has a very rich history (more than 50 years), and during this time this method has been repeatedly modified and optimized. This article discusses the indications and contraindications, equipment, stages and techniques of retrograde tracheal intubation.

scholarly journals Sanitary Aviation Evacuation of Patient with COVID-19 on Artificial Lung Ventilation in Transport Isolation Box

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
V.S. Vorobyev ◽  
◽  
V.V. Nagornov ◽  
E.V. Kryukov ◽  
A.V. Talanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Ventilation ◽  
Artificial Lung ◽  
Artificial Lung Ventilation

Determination of the level of condensate by recording the noise level in the respiratory circuit of mechanical ventilation devices

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 123-126
Author(s):  
I. V. Geraskin ◽  
V. A. Geraskin ◽  
N. V. Geraskina
Keyword(s):  
Noise Level ◽  
Acoustic Noise ◽  
Breathing Circuit ◽  
Lung Ventilation ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
Artificial Lung ◽  
Sound Level Meter ◽  
Ventilation Apparatus ◽  
Artificial Lung Ventilation ◽  
Level Meter

Abstract. The method of determining the accumulation of condensate by registering the noise level in the respiratory circuit of ventilators is substantiated. According to the proposed method, the condition and performance of the apparatus is monitored during artificial lung ventilation and oxygen therapy. With hardware ventilation, an increasing turbulent flow of a water or gas stream is formed in the respiratory circuit, accompanied by an increase in the noise effect and vibration. An increase in the level of acoustic noise from fluctuations in the accumulation of condensate in gaseous media was recorded by an instrument for objective measurement of sound level a sound level meter. Indicators of noise effects reached a higher level on the wet circuit (the presence of condensation droplets or accumulations of mucus) of the liquid compared with the indicators obtained on the dry breathing circuit. The difference in recorded noise levels reached 10 dB, and increased from 37,73 to 47,36 dB. Areas of the respiratory circuit with the greatest degree of narrowing of the lumen and critical accumulations of water condensate and mucus are a source of turbulence in the air flow and increased noise. In conditions of prolonged artificial ventilation of the lungs, the rate of humidified air-gas flow is constantly changing, especially with hardware modeling of the phases of inspiration and expiration, and an increase in temperature in the humidifier chamber. The proposed technique is designed to identify critical levels of water condensate in the apparatus breathing circuits by recording the intensity of the increase in noise level and choosing the rational mode of operation of medical equipment. Data on the emerging critical situation are displayed on the sound level meter screen and inform medical personnel about the need to rehabilitate the circuit of the artificial lung ventilation apparatus. The primary field of application is resuscitation and intensive care units, medical transport teams during in-hospital or inter-hospital transportation, and surgical operating rooms during inhalation anesthesia.

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