scholarly journals Towards a RINA-Based Architecture for Performance Management of Large-Scale Distributed Systems

Computers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Thompson ◽  
Neil Davies

Modern society is increasingly dependent on reliable performance of distributed systems. In this paper, we provide a precise definition of performance using the concept of quality attenuation; discuss its properties, measurement and decomposition; identify sources of such attenuation; outline methods of managing performance hazards automatically using the capabilities of the Recursive InterNetworking Architecture (RINA); demonstrate procedures for aggregating both application demands and network performance to achieve scalability; discuss dealing with bursty and time-critical traffic; propose metrics to assess the effectiveness of a performance management system; and outline an architecture for performance management.

Author(s):  
Valentin Cristea ◽  
Ciprian Dobre ◽  
Corina Stratan ◽  
Florin Pop

The architectural shift presented in the previous chapters towards high performance computers assembled from large numbers of commodity resources raises numerous design issues and assumptions pertaining to traceability, fault tolerance and scalability. Hence, one of the key challenges faced by high performance distributed systems is scalable monitoring of system state. The aim of this chapter is to realize a survey study of existing work and trends in distributed systems monitoring by introducing the involved concepts and requirements, techniques, models and related standardization activities. Monitoring can be defined as the process of dynamic collection, interpretation and presentation of information concerning the characteristics and status of resources of interest. It is needed for various purposes such as debugging, testing, program visualization and animation. It may also be used for general management activities, which have a more permanent and continuous nature (performance management, configuration management, fault management, security management, etc.). In this case the behavior of the system is observed and monitoring information is gathered. This information is used to make management decisions and perform the appropriate control actions on the system. Unlike monitoring which is generally a passive process, control actively changes the behavior of the managed system and it has to be considered and modeled separately. Monitoring proves to be an essential process to observe and improve the reliability and the performance of large-scale distributed systems.


2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Sebastien Marchand ◽  
Mylaine Breton ◽  
Olivier Saulpic ◽  
Élizabeth Côté-Boileau

PurposeLean-inspired approaches and performance management systems are being implemented in public healthcare organisations internationally. However, the literature is inconclusive regarding the benefits of these management tools and there is a lack of knowledge regarding processes for large-scale implementation of these tools. This article aims to describe the implementation process and to better understand how this process influences the mandated performance management system.Design/methodology/approachThis research is based on a comparative case study of three healthcare organisations in Canada. Data consist documents, non-participant observation and semi-structured interviews with key actors (n = 30). Analysis is based on a sociotechnical approach to management tools that considers organisational context, and the tool's technical substrate, theory of action and managerial philosophy.FindingsResults show that despite a standardised national mandate, the tool as implemented varied between organisations in terms of technical substrate and managerial philosophy. These variations are explained by the flexibility of the technical substrate, the lack of clarity of the managerial philosophy, and some contextual elements. Successful implementation may rest upon high hybridization of the tool on these different dimensions. A precise and prescribed technical substrate is not sufficient to guarantee implementation of a managerial philosophy.Practical implicationsMandated implementation of management tools may be more successful if it is explicit on the managerial philosophy, the technical substrate and the link between the two, and if it provides some leeway to adapt both to the organisational context.Originality/valueThis is one of the few studies to describe and analyse the process involved in mandated large-scale implementation of performance management systems in public healthcare organisations.


2021 ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Afanasieva ◽  
Lyudmila Glinskaya ◽  
Irina Bukreeva ◽  
Natаlia Hlebova

The article analyzes the phenomenon of social solidarity of the diaspora as one of the main directions of development of modern society in the context of challenges related to the problem of COVID-19. The analysis of social principles and genesis of comprehension of the category of social solidarity and cohesion on the materials of social philosophy is carried out. The essence of the main scientific approaches to the study of the concepts of social solidarity and cohesion is determined. Solidarity in work is seen as one of the prerequisites for stability and social order. The modern scientific definition of "social solidarity" in the social sciences means the unity of a group, class, or action that generates unity of interests, goals, standards, and mutual understanding. Solidarity processes by modern foreign and domestic researchers today are associated primarily with such phenomena as cooperation, cohesion, unity, public trust, the presence of common ideas, views and goals. Although social cohesion seems a difficult concept to study, researchers note its extreme importance in detailing the category of solidarity as a wide range of components: mutual assistance, trust, perception of difference, perception of justice, social inclusion, and so on. Since the spread of the COVID-19 virus and disease, people around the world have faced a large-scale emergency and an incomprehensible situation that is new to most modern societies. Therefore, the socio-cultural understanding of the pandemic as a global problem today acquires special significance for the search for the foundations of social cohesion, as a means of reducing tensions and social solidarity of communities. The authors argue that it is social solidarity and cohesion of the diaspora of communities and communities that is an effective means of social counteraction to modern destructive factors and challenges.


Author(s):  
Jingyi Xia ◽  
Fuguo Xu ◽  
Guangwei Huang

Electric power system plays an indispensable role in modern society, which supplies the energy to residential, commercial, and industrial consumers. However, the high-impact and low-probability natural disasters (i.e., windstorm, typhoon, and flood) come more frequent because of the climate change in the recent years, which may sequentially cause devastating damages to the infrastructure of power systems. The aim of this paper is mainly to explore and review the resilience of power grid system during the disaster and the power supply management strategies to recover the power grid. Firstly, the category of natural disasters and different influences on power grid are discussed. Then, the definition of power grid resilience is explored and the supply management strategies copying with disasters are introduced, such as microgrids and distributed generation systems. Specially, the electric vehicles (EVs) equipped with large-capacity battery pack in the transportation network can also be considered as the distributed power sources with mobility. Thus, the conceptual frameworks of integrating large-scale EVs into the power grid to fasten restoration of the power systems in the pre-disaster/post-disaster are emphatically investigated in this paper. Finally, the opportunities and challenges in further research on employing EVs for emergency power supply in the extreme weather events are also discussed.


2010 ◽  
Vol 40-41 ◽  
pp. 820-824
Author(s):  
Mei Yan Li ◽  
Ying Zong Liu

The line manager, playing a role to promote and implement the performance management system, is the key to system’s success. A line manager’s ability to manage performance determines the level of subordinates’ performance, and then influences the efficiency of performance management system. This paper first gave the definition of ability to manage performance for a line manager, and then according to the Gallup’s research, pointed out the competence characteristics for line managers’ abilities to manage performance, which involves communication capacity, encourage ability, authorizing and coaching capability. Line managers possessing higher level of abilities to manage performance can stimulate the performance potential of subordinates, enhance the work performance of subordinates, and then improve sector and organization performance.


2020 ◽  
Vol 186 ◽  
pp. 01006
Author(s):  
Daniel Anthony Howard ◽  
Konstantin Filonenko ◽  
Frederik Stjernholm Busk ◽  
Christian Veje

The definition of overall district heating network performance indicators is under-investigated in the literature. This study reviews existing methods of performance estimation and develops a convenient methodology for an array of district heating networks applied to a Danish case study. Performances of the networks with state-of-art pipe transmission coefficients are compared to older traditional pipes using an effective average approach. The reported efficiencies and analysis of contributing factors show, that a single parameter is not sufficient to compare large-scale district heating systems and a multiparametric analysis must be employed. The effective average total heat transmission coefficient is evaluated based on the Technical Evaluation Factor and a multivariate regression is performed on typical sets of network parameters: pipe type, pipe series, pipe age, and operational temperature. The developed methodology is applied to testing an array of geographically independent district heating networks, pointing to possible performance bottlenecks, and discussing potential remedies.


Author(s):  
M.J. Harrigan ◽  
K.H. Brockel ◽  
W.P. Sudnikovich ◽  
A. Vigants ◽  
W.T. Barnett ◽  
...  

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