scholarly journals Restricted Geographic Sampling Yields Low Parasitism Rates but Surprisingly Diverse Host Associations in Avian Lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) from South Texas

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 430
Author(s):  
John P. Pistone ◽  
Jessica E. Light ◽  
Tyler A. Campbell ◽  
Therese A. Catanach ◽  
Gary Voelker
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
South Texas ◽  
Genetic Lineages ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Chewing Lice ◽  
Parasitism Rates ◽  
Novel Host ◽  
Host Associations

South Texas is a highly variable region encompassing multiple habitat types and harboring a wide diversity of organisms. However, the parasite fauna in this region is poorly known, especially for avian ectoparasites such as lice. To better understand avian louse diversity and host associations in South Texas, we examined a total of 507 birds for chewing lice. Lice were morphologically identified to genus and phylogenetic analysis was performed using one mitochondrial (COI) and two nuclear (18S rRNA and EF-1α) genes. Of the birds examined, 69 (13.5%) were parasitized by lice resulting in a total of 63 host associations across 45 bird species, 29 of which were previously unrecorded. The predominant taxa encountered during this study included two of the most diverse louse genera, Myrsidea and Brueelia. Molecular analyses revealed 21 distinct genetic lineages, 17 of which are associated with novel host associations and may represent new species. This study represents the first extensive examination of avian louse host associations and relationships in Texas and reveals that there is still much to be learned about ectoparasite diversity in the New World.

Molecular phylogeny and novel host associations of avian chewing lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) from South Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oona M. Takano ◽  
Gary Voelker ◽  
Daniel R. Gustafsson ◽  
Jessica E. Light
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Chewing Lice ◽  
Novel Host ◽  
Host Associations

scholarly journals Parasites of the Shiny Cowbird, Molothrus bonariensis, and the Austral Blackbird, Curaeus curaeus, (Passeriformes: Icteridae) in Chile

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mabel Mena ◽  
José Osvaldo Valdebenito ◽  
Lucila Moreno ◽  
Danny Fuentes-Castillo ◽  
John Mike Kinsella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
Feather Mites ◽  
Chewing Lice ◽  
Molothrus Bonariensis ◽  
In The Wild

Abstract Comparative studies of parasites in sympatric bird species have been generally scarce. Parasitic infection/transmission can be spread in a number of ways that suggests possible direct and indirect, horizontal transmission between avian hosts. In order to determine whether two sympatric icterids from Central and Southern Chile share their parasite fauna (ecto- and endoparasites), we examined parasites of 27 Shiny Cowbirds, Molothrus bonariensis, and 28 Austral Blackbirds, Curaeus curaeus, including individuals captured in the wild and carcasses. We found that Shiny Cowbirds were infected with the chewing lice Brueelia bonariensis, Philopterus sp. 1, the feather mites Amerodectes molothrus, Proctophyllodes spp. (species 1 and 2), and the helminths Mediorhynchus papillosus, Plagiorhynchus sp., Dispharynx nasuta and Tetrameres paucispina, while Austral Blackbirds had the chewing lice Myrsidea sp., Philopterus sp. 2, the feather mites Proctophyllodes sp. 3, Amerodectes sp., and three helminths: Anonchotaenia sp., Capillaria sp. and M. papillosus. The flea Dasypsyllus (Neornipsyllus) cteniopus was found only on the Austral Blackbird. The only parasite species shared by both icterids was the acanthocephalan M. papillosus, possibly due to their feeding on the same intermediate insect hosts. With the exception of B. bonariensis and Philopterus sp. 1 found on the Shiny Cowbird, all species reported in this study represent new parasite-host associations and new records of parasite diversity in Chile.

scholarly journals Chewing lice of the genus Myrsidea (Phthiraptera: Menoponidae) from New World warblers (Passeriformes: Parulidae) from Costa Rica, with descriptions of four new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3137 (1) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
FILIP KOUNEK ◽  
OLDRICH SYCHRA ◽  
MIROSLAV CAPEK ◽  
IVAN LITERAK
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
New World ◽  
Chewing Lice ◽  
Avian Family ◽  
Host Associations

Four new species of chewing lice of the genus Myrsidea parasitic on members of the avian family Parulidae are described. They and their type hosts are: Myrsidea basileuteri ex Basileuterus rufifrons, M. myiobori ex Myioborus miniatus, M. paleno ex Parkesia motacilla and M. zeledoni ex Phaeothlypis fulvicauda. Records of undescribed Myrsidea representing new louse-host associations for Basileuterus tristriatus and Parula pitiayumi are also discussed.

scholarly journals Parasitological survey on birds at some selected brazilian zoos

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Gonzalez Hofstatter ◽  
Ana Maria Aparecida Guaraldo
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Parasitological Survey ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Coccidian Species ◽  
Free Ranging

A parasitological survey was conducted at some zoos in the states of São Paulo and Paraná, Brazil, from 2009 to 2011. Several groups of birds were surveyed for fecal samples, but the most important was Psittacidae. Among the parasites, Eimeria (coccidian) and Capillaria, Ascaridia and Heterakis (nematodes) were observed in almost one third of the samples. Presence of a rich parasite fauna associated with captive birds seems to be an effect of captivity, since data on free-ranging birds indicate few or virtually no parasites at all. The discovery of new coccidian species during this survey reveals the need of more research on the subject as even well-known bird species have unknown parasites, but caution must be exercised in order to avoid descriptions of pseudoparasites.

Molecular phylogeny of tephritid fruit flies in the Bactrocera tau complex using the mitochondrial COI sequences

Genome ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanwisa Jamnongluk ◽  
Visut Baimai ◽  
Pattamaporn Kittayapong
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome Oxidase ◽  
Locusta Migratoria ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Variable Region ◽  
Distinct Group ◽  
Cytochrome Oxidase I ◽  
Bactrocera Dorsalis ◽  
Species Differentiation ◽  
Premating Isolation ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi

We compared sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene of eight species of the Bactrocera tau complex using Bactrocera dorsalis,Bactrocera pyrifoliae,Ceratitis capitata, Anopheles gambiae, and Locusta migratoria as outgroups. A 639-bp variable region was sequenced. The sequence divergence between species in the B. tau complex ranged from 0.06 to 28%, and up to 29% between the complex and its tephritid outgroups, B. dorsalis and C. capitata. According to the phylogenetic relationships, these members of the B. tau complex could be classified into four clades. Thus, species A and D form clades 1 and 3, respectively, while species C and I belong to clade 4. However, species B, E, and F form a distinct group, clade 2, and infested the fruits of non-cucurbit hosts. Host-plant shifts resulting in adaptive radiation and premating isolation among species might play an important role in species differentiation of the B. tau complex.Key words: Bactrocera, cytochrome oxidase I, species complex, mitochondrial DNA, phylogeny.

Community structure of arthropod ectoparasites on Alaskan seabirds

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 2998-3005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae C. Choe ◽  
Ke Chung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
General Structure ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Uria Lomvia ◽  
Mixed Species ◽  
Feather Mites ◽  
Chewing Lice ◽  
Rissa Tridactyla ◽  
Common Murres ◽  
Ixodes Ticks

A total of 28 species of arthropods was recovered from 29 common murres (Uria aalge), 8 thick-billed murres (Uria lomvia), 22 black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla), and 10 red-legged kittiwakes (Rissa brevirostris) collected from the Pribilof Islands, Alaska, U.S.A. The ectoparasite community on each bird species almost invariably consisted of three species of chewing lice, two species of ticks, and five to nine species of mites. Astigmatid feather mites (Alloptes spp., Laronyssus martini (Trouessart)) were the most numerous group of ectoparasites except on black-legged kittiwakes on which Ixodes ticks were the most abundant. The second most abundant taxa were ticks on common murres and thick-billed murres, and quill mites (Syringophilidae) on red-legged kittiwakes. Kittiwakes usually supported more diverse communities of ectoparasites than did murres, probably because of differences in nesting and foraging behavior. Ectoparasite communities between the congeneric species of birds were particularly similar in terms of species composition and general structure, and supported our hypothesis that phylogenetic relatedness of hosts is reflected in similarity of their ectoparasite communities. Community structure of ectoparasites was much more similar between the two murre species than between the two kittiwake species, probably because of gregarious flocking and mixed-species nesting of murres.

scholarly journals New records of chewing lice (Insecta, Phthiraptera) from birds of southern Brazil, with description of a new species

2009 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel P. Valim ◽  
Francine M. Lambrecht ◽  
Élvia E. S. Vianna
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
History Museum ◽  
Chewing Lice ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
A New Species

A collection of chewing lice was studied from the Natural History Museum of the Universidade Católica de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Twenty three samples from 16 bird species were examined. Included therein was a new species of the genus Plegadiphilus Bedford, 1939 which is described, illustrated and compared to P. cayennensis Emerson & Price, 1969. An updated list of chewing lice species recorded from birds of that state is presented.

An Assessment of Host Associations, Geographic Distributions, and Genetic Diversity of Avian Chewing Lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) from Benin

2017 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oona M. Takano ◽  
Preston S. Mitchell ◽  
Daniel R. Gustafsson ◽  
Alphonse Adite ◽  
Gary Voelker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Chewing Lice ◽  
Geographic Distributions ◽  
Host Associations

scholarly journals Associations between chewing lice (Insecta, Phthiraptera) and albatrosses and petrels (Aves, Procellariiformes) collected in Brazil

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 1111-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel P. Valim ◽  
Marcos A. Raposo ◽  
Nicolau M. Serra-Freire
Keyword(s):  
Host Species ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Evolutionary Perspective ◽  
Chewing Lice

Chewing lice were searched on 197 skins of 28 species of procellariiform birds collected in Brazil. A total of 38 species of lice were found on 112 skins belonging to 22 bird species. The lice were slide-mounted and identified. A list of lice species found and their host species is given and some host-louse associations are discussed under an evolutionary perspective.

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