scholarly journals Societal Criticism towards COVID-19: Assessing the Theory of Self-Diagnosis Contrasted to Medical Diagnosis

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1777
Author(s):  
Dimitra S. Mouliou ◽  
Ioannis Pantazopoulos ◽  
Konstantinos I. Gourgoulianis
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Medical Diagnosis ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Emergency Physicians ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Self Test ◽  
Antigen Testing ◽  
Pandemic Wave

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as a pandemic introducing the mass autodiagnosis via rapid antigen testing methods, and self-tests were important for several populaces, yet with several neglected issues. In addition, hospital diagnosis was a target of many people or media, as the various COVID-19 clinical phenotypes trammel the precise emergency physicians’ response. Methods: A web-based questionnaire was disseminated through social media in the first half of August 2021 in the Greek populace, assessing the societal criticism for autodiagnosis and medical diagnosis and their issues, just before the occurrence of the fourth pandemic wave in the country. Results: Two thirds of the responders characterized self-tests as unreliable and two fifths reported them dangerous. Reliability (OR 1.335; CI 0.060–0.300; p = 0.000) and danger (OR 5.068; CI 3139–8184; p = 0.000) were significant predictors for the population-based sample’s volition for a self-test. Reversely, regarding medical diagnosis, half of the responders reported the lack of reliability and effectiveness in the emergency departments, which had a significant impact on willingness to visit a hospital if needed (OR 3.207; CI 1987–5182; p = 0.000 and OR 3.506; CI 2167–5670; p = 0.000). Conclusions: The importance of community-based questionnaires is highlighted for assessing people’s criticism and improving the highlighted points in several topics.

scholarly journals Comparing Web-Based Platforms for Promoting HIV Self-Testing and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Uptake in High-Risk Men Who Have Sex With Men: Protocol for a Longitudinal Cohort Study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shea M Lemley ◽  
Jeffrey D Klausner ◽  
Sean D Young ◽  
Chrysovalantis Stafylis ◽  
Caroline Mulatya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Dating Apps ◽  
Self Testing ◽  
Self Test ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

BACKGROUND The majority of those living with HIV in the United States are men who have sex with men (MSM), and young, minority MSM account for more new HIV infections than any other group. HIV transmission can be reduced through detection and early treatment initiation or by starting pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), but rates of testing are lower than recommended among MSM, and PrEP uptake has been slow. Although promoting HIV testing and PrEP uptake by placing advertisements on web-based platforms — such as social media websites and dating apps — is a promising approach for promoting HIV testing and PrEP, the relative effectiveness of HIV prevention advertising on common web-based platforms is underexamined. OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate the relative effectiveness of advertisements placed on 3 types of web-based platforms (social media websites, dating apps, and informational websites) for promoting HIV self-testing and PrEP uptake. METHODS Advertisements will be placed on social media websites (Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter), dating apps (Grindr, Jack’d, and Hornet), and informational search websites (Google, Yahoo, and Bing) to recruit approximately 400 young (18-30 years old), minority (Black or Latino) MSM at elevated risk of HIV exposure. Recruitment will occur in 3 waves, with each wave running advertisements on 1 website from each type of platform. The number of participants per platform is not prespecified, and recruitment in each wave will occur until approximately 133 HIV self-tests are ordered. Participants will complete a baseline survey assessing risk behavior, substance use, psychological readiness to test, and attitudes and then receive an electronic code to order a free home-based HIV self-test kit. Two follow-ups are planned to assess HIV self-test results and PrEP uptake. RESULTS Recruitment was completed in July 2020. CONCLUSIONS Findings may improve our understanding of how the platform users’ receptivity to test for HIV differs across web-based platforms and thus may assist in facilitating web-based HIV prevention campaigns. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04155502; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04155502 INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT DERR1-10.2196/20417

scholarly journals Comparing Web-Based Platforms for Promoting HIV Self-Testing and Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Uptake in High-Risk Men Who Have Sex With Men: Protocol for a Longitudinal Cohort Study

10.2196/20417 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. e20417
Author(s):  
Shea M Lemley ◽  
Jeffrey D Klausner ◽  
Sean D Young ◽  
Chrysovalantis Stafylis ◽  
Caroline Mulatya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Hiv Prevention ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Dating Apps ◽  
Self Testing ◽  
Self Test ◽  
Sex With Men ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis

Background The majority of those living with HIV in the United States are men who have sex with men (MSM), and young, minority MSM account for more new HIV infections than any other group. HIV transmission can be reduced through detection and early treatment initiation or by starting pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), but rates of testing are lower than recommended among MSM, and PrEP uptake has been slow. Although promoting HIV testing and PrEP uptake by placing advertisements on web-based platforms — such as social media websites and dating apps — is a promising approach for promoting HIV testing and PrEP, the relative effectiveness of HIV prevention advertising on common web-based platforms is underexamined. Objective This study aims to evaluate the relative effectiveness of advertisements placed on 3 types of web-based platforms (social media websites, dating apps, and informational websites) for promoting HIV self-testing and PrEP uptake. Methods Advertisements will be placed on social media websites (Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter), dating apps (Grindr, Jack’d, and Hornet), and informational search websites (Google, Yahoo, and Bing) to recruit approximately 400 young (18-30 years old), minority (Black or Latino) MSM at elevated risk of HIV exposure. Recruitment will occur in 3 waves, with each wave running advertisements on 1 website from each type of platform. The number of participants per platform is not prespecified, and recruitment in each wave will occur until approximately 133 HIV self-tests are ordered. Participants will complete a baseline survey assessing risk behavior, substance use, psychological readiness to test, and attitudes and then receive an electronic code to order a free home-based HIV self-test kit. Two follow-ups are planned to assess HIV self-test results and PrEP uptake. Results Recruitment was completed in July 2020. Conclusions Findings may improve our understanding of how the platform users’ receptivity to test for HIV differs across web-based platforms and thus may assist in facilitating web-based HIV prevention campaigns. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04155502; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04155502 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/20417

Estimating the number of cases during COVID-19 pandemics using a web-based tool: first week results of “COVID-19 TRENDS” social media project in the Araba-Alava province in Basque country, Spain. (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio Garitano ◽  
Manuel Linares ◽  
Laura Santos ◽  
Ruth Gil ◽  
Elena Lapuente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Case Definition ◽  
Public Health Action ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Health Action ◽  
Estimate Number ◽  
Media Project

UNSTRUCTURED On 28th February a case of COVID-19 was declared in Araba-Álava province, Spain. In Spain, a confinement and movement restrictions were established by Spanish Government at 14th March 2020. We implemented a web-based tool to estimate number of cases during the pandemic. We present the results in Áraba-Álava province. We reached a response rate of 10,3% out a 331.549 population. We found that 22,4 % fulfilled the case definition. This tool rendered useful to inform public health action.

P3352Telemedicine transcends national boundaries in quest of creating a behemoth ami program

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Mehta ◽  
R Botelho ◽  
F Fernandez ◽  
F Feres ◽  
A Abizaid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Health Centers ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Primary Pci ◽  
Small Community ◽  
Hub And Spoke ◽  
Web Based ◽  
National Boundaries ◽  
Intelligent Tools ◽  
Time Of Presentation

Abstract Background The Latin America Telemedicine Infarct Network (LATIN) has exploited the remarkable competence of telemedicine for remote guidance. In doing so, LATIN created a mammoth population-based AMI network that employed experts located several hundred miles away to guide the reperfusion strategies for almost 800,000 screened patients. In this pioneering project, telemedicine was initially utilized to guide AMI management within national confines. We speculated whether LATIN telemedicine navigation could outstrip countrywide borders. Purpose To maximally harness the vast possibilities of telemedicine for improving AMI care. Methods During its pilot phase, LATIN began as a hub and spoke, AMI system in Colombia where 20 spokes (small community health centers and rural clinics) were configured with 3 hubs that could perform Primary PCI. These sites were linked through web-based connectivity. Expert cardiologists, located 50–250 miles away in Bogota, Colombia, used sophisticated telemedicine platforms for urgent EKG diagnosis and teleconsultation of the entire AMI process. Based upon the duration of chest pain and travel time to the hub, these experts guided patients through guideline-based strategies of thrombolysis, pharmaco invasive management or primary PCI. Efficiency of the telemedicine process was measured with the new metric of time to telemedicine diagnosis (TTD). Cloud computing, GPS navigation, and numerous business intelligent tools were gradually incorporated into LATIN telemedicine. As systems became more scalable, the program was expanded to Brazil, where LATIN flourished. Over the last 18 months, LATIN telemedicine capabilities have been pressed across national boundaries. Presently, all 82 LATIN centers in Mexico are guided by experts located in Bogota, Colombia and the 7 Argentina centers channeled through Santiago, Chile. Results 784,947 patients were screened for AMI at 350 LATIN centers (Brazil 143, Colombia 118, Mexico 82, Argentina 7). Navigation pathways are depicted in the attached figure. TTD remains extremely low in all four countries, and comparable efficiency and tele-accuracy have been achieved. With expanded geographic reach, 8,448 (1.08%) patients were diagnosed with STEMI and 3,911 (46.3%) urgently reperfused, including 3,049 (78%) with Primary PCI. Time to TTD ranged between 2.8 to 5.8 minutes, with a mean of 3.5 min. Tele-accuracy was 98.5%, D2B 51 min, and in-hospital mortality 5.2%. Various other comparative metrics for the 4 countries are being gathered and will be available at the time of presentation. Conclusions LATIN demonstrates the robust ability of telemedicine to transcend national boundaries to guide AMI management. This strategy can be adopted in under-developed countries in Asia and Africa to provide an umbrella of AMI care for the millions of disadvantaged patients.

scholarly journals Quantifying Media Effects, Its Content, and Role in Promoting Community Awareness of Chikungunya Epidemic in Bangladesh

Epidemiologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-94
Author(s):  
Mst. Marium Begum ◽  
Osman Ulvi ◽  
Ajlina Karamehic-Muratovic ◽  
Mallory R. Walsh ◽  
Hasan Tarek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mainstream Media ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Vector Borne ◽  
Media Outlet ◽  
And Control

Background: Chikungunya is a vector-borne disease, mostly present in tropical and subtropical regions. The virus is spread by Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitos and symptoms include high fever to severe joint pain. Dhaka, Bangladesh, suffered an outbreak of chikungunya in 2017 lasting from April to September. With the goal of reducing cases, social media was at the forefront during this outbreak and educated the public about symptoms, prevention, and control of the virus. Popular web-based sources such as the top dailies in Bangladesh, local news outlets, and Facebook spread awareness of the outbreak. Objective: This study sought to investigate the role of social and mainstream media during the chikungunya epidemic. The study objective was to determine if social media can improve awareness of and practice associated with reducing cases of chikungunya. Methods: We collected chikungunya-related information circulated from the top nine television channels in Dhaka, Bangladesh, airing from 1st April–20th August 2017. All the news published in the top six dailies in Bangladesh were also compiled. The 50 most viewed chikungunya-related Bengali videos were manually coded and analyzed. Other social media outlets, such as Facebook, were also analyzed to determine the number of chikungunya-related posts and responses to these posts. Results: Our study showed that media outlets were associated with reducing cases of chikungunya, indicating that media has the potential to impact future outbreaks of these alpha viruses. Each media outlet (e.g., web, television) had an impact on the human response to an individual’s healthcare during this outbreak. Conclusions: To prevent future outbreaks of chikungunya, media outlets and social media can be used to educate the public regarding prevention strategies such as encouraging safe travel, removing stagnant water sources, and assisting with tracking cases globally to determine where future outbreaks may occur.

scholarly journals Facilitators and barriers to the utilization of the ACT SMART Implementation Toolkit in community-based organizations: a qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aksheya Sridhar ◽  
Amy Drahota ◽  
Kiersten Walsworth
Keyword(s):  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Technology Acceptance Model ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Community Based Organizations ◽  
Facilitators And Barriers ◽  
Acceptance Model

Abstract Background Evidence-based practices (EBPs) have been shown to improve behavioral and mental health outcomes for children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Research suggests that the use of these practices in community-based organizations is varied; however, the utilization of implementation guides may bridge the gap between research and practice. The Autism Community Toolkit: Systems to Measure and Adopt Research-Based Treatments (ACT SMART) Implementation Toolkit is a web-based implementation toolkit developed to guide organization-based implementation teams through EBP identification, adoption, implementation, and sustainment in ASD community-based organizations. Methods This study examined the facilitators and barriers (collectively termed “determinants”) to the utilization of this toolkit, based on the perspectives of implementation teams at six ASD community-based organizations. Two independent coders utilized the adapted EPIS framework and the Technology Acceptance Model 3 to guide qualitative thematic analyses of semi-structured interviews with implementation teams. Results Salient facilitators (e.g., facilitation teams, facilitation meetings, phase-specific activities) and barriers (e.g., website issues, perceived lack of ease of use of the website, perceived lack of resources, inner context factors) were identified, highlighting key determinants to the utilization of this toolkit. Additionally, frequent determinants and determinants that differed across adapted EPIS phases of the toolkit were noted. Finally, analyses highlighted two themes: (a) Inner Context Determinants to use of the toolkit (e.g., funding) and (b) Innovation Determinants (e.g., all website-related factors), indicating an interaction between the two models utilized to guide study analyses. Conclusions Findings highlighted several factors that facilitated the utilization of this implementation guide. Additionally, findings identified key areas for improvement for future iterations of the ACT SMART Implementation Toolkit. Importantly, these results may inform the development, refinement, and utilization of implementation guides with the aim of increasing the uptake of EBPs in community-based organizations providing services to children with ASD and their families. Finally, these findings contribute to the implementation science literature by illustrating the joint use of the EPIS framework and Technology Acceptance Model 3 to evaluate the implementation of a web-based toolkit within community-based organizations.

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