scholarly journals Renewable Energy Generation Scenarios Using 3D Urban Modeling Tools—Methodology for Heat Pump and Co-Generation Systems with Case Study Application †

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verena Weiler ◽  
Jonas Stave ◽  
Ursula Eicker
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Modeling Tools ◽  
District Heating System ◽  
Heat Demand ◽  
Chp System

In the paper, a method was developed to automatically dimensionalize and calculate central energy generation and supply scenarios with a district heating system for cities based on 3D building models in the CityGML format and their simulated heat demand. In addition, the roof geometry of every individual building is used to model photovoltaic energy generation potential. Two types of supply systems, namely a central heat pump (HP) system and a large co-generation (combined heat and power-CHP) system (both with a central storage and district distribution system), are modeled to supply the heat demand of the area under investigation. Both energy generation models are applied to a case study town of 1610 buildings. For the HP scenario, it can be shown that the case study town’s heat demand can be covered by a monovalent, low-temperature system with storage, but that the PV only contributes 15% to the HP electricity requirement. For the CHP scenario, only 61% of the heat demand can be covered by the CHP, as it was designed for a minimum of 4000 operating hours. Both the PV and the CHP excess electricity are fully injected into the grid. As a result, the primary energy comparison of both systems strongly depends on the chosen primary energy factors (PEF): with given German regulations the CHP system performs better than the HP system, as the grid-injected electricity has a PEF of 2.8. In the future, with increasingly lower PEFs for electricity, the situation reverses, and HPs perform better, especially if the CHP continues to use natural gas. Even when renewable gas from a power to gas (P2G) process is used for the CHP, the primary energy balance of the HP system is better, because of high conversion losses in the P2G process.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Future Fluctuating Energy Consumption on a District Heating System: Case Study of Omsk and Krasnoyarsk Cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 551-562
Author(s):  
Stanislav Chicherin ◽  
Andrey Zhuikov ◽  
Mikhail Kolosov ◽  
Lyazzat Junussova ◽  
Madina Aliyarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
District Heating System ◽  
Heat Demand ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Temperature difference between supply and return distribution medium (water) is a vital factor when assessing the efficiency of a district heating (DH) substation. An accounting for fluctuations and differences of the heat consumption/generation is the key problem in planning DH system operation. The influence of the fluctuating energy consumption on a DH system was studied with actual data, using the DH systems of the Russian cities Krasnoyarsk and Omsk as a case study. Information is visualized in the form of graphs and charts, orderly and clearly comparing certain points. The data includes supply and return temperatures, and heat demand. Clearly visible state of high return temperatures induces more bottleneck problems as the flow increases. At the same time, in 2019, the total heat demand was 21 008 MW. This is more than 5 % than in 2020, assuming 100 % of consumers connected. The reasons for this trend are: decreasing total housing area, no incentive for the buildings in newly built-up areas to be connected to the DH system, poor service motivating business facilities to disconnect from the system. When the primary energy consumption related to the warmer climate and behaviour of business sector decreases, the DH system requires renovation. It is possible to reduce network return temperature during some months of the year. The reason is that, a high temperature difference is essential to maintain high efficiency and minimize fuel and pumping cost, it also enables more customers to be connected to a DH system without increasing pipe dimensions of a network.

scholarly journals Hypothesis for a more efficient and sustainable development of a district heating in Padova, integrating renewable energies and existing generation plant

2019 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 06021
Author(s):  
Laura Carnieletto ◽  
Samantha Graci ◽  
Michele De Carli
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Optimization Strategy ◽  
Systematic Assessment ◽  
Ground Source ◽  
Generation Plant ◽  
Base Load

The present paper shows the background analysis to develop the optimization strategy of a neighborhood heating network sited in Padua, including it in a wider project of district renovation. The case study accounts several different end users: scholastic and offices buildings, a social housing residence and residential buildings. The analysis starts from a systematic assessment of the buildings, evaluating the need of refurbishment of the envelope and of the distribution system. Further analysis focuses on the optimization of the existing heat generation system, integrating three condensing boilers, with an air to water heat pump and a ground source heat pump, which work more efficiently during base-load periods. The management of the district heating network have been investigated using the dynamic simulation tool TRNSYS, the control strategy of the delivery temperature has been tested based on the outside temperature and verifying to satisfy comfort conditions inside the buildings. A sustainable solution is the recovery and drainage of rainwater, that can be reused for the toilets’ flushing. Therefore, the project solution identified aims at a more rational use of energy sources, which is the simplest and cheapest way to proceed on the decarbonization path that is a mid-term target for the Padua administration.

scholarly journals CASE ANALYSIS OF HEAT PUMP INTEGRATION IN DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Artur Rogoža ◽  
Giedrius Šiupšinskas ◽  
Juozas Bielskus
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Heat Carrier ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Case Analysis ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Coefficient Of Performance ◽  
District Heating System ◽  
Heat Demand

The installation of heat pumps in district heating (DH) systems is one of the most promising technologies to increase the efficiency of heat supply by using renewable energy sources and reducing heat carrier temperatures in the networks. The possibilities of installing heat pumps in DH systems are very wide, but most often the main purpose of their application is to increase the temperature of the supplied heat carrier at the heat substations of individual consumers or their groups. This paper describes a study that analyzed the possibilities of integrating an individual heat pump at a heat substation in a building to reduce the temperature of the heat carrier in the return line. The results of the study revealed the dependences of the reduction of the heat demand of the building from the DH network, the power of the heat pump, the coefficient of performance (COP), and the reduction of the return temperature.

Thermodynamic Analysis of Minimum Extraction Ratio for Coal-Fired CHP Plants

2014 ◽  
Vol 472 ◽  
pp. 1052-1056
Author(s):  
Chun Hui Liao ◽  
Zhi Gang Zhou ◽  
Jia Ning Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Thermodynamic Analysis ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Combined Heat And Power ◽  
Exergy Efficiency ◽  
Extraction Ratio ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Heat Demand ◽  
Chp System ◽  
Minimum Heat

For evaluating the performance of combined heat and power district heating (CHP-DH) system, some thermodynamic indicators of CHP system, include energy efficiency, exergy efficiency, RPES and RAI, are introduced in this paper. Based on two condensed and heating dual purpose plants, the values of these indicators are calculated with different extraction ratio. The results show that RAI and RPES are more reasonable to be used to assess CHP-DH system and there is a minimum extraction ratio for each unit, which is 0.4 for given plants in this paper, to keep CHP-DH beneficial compared with separate heat and power (SHP) system. Besides, the minimum heat demand of CHP-DH system should be larger than the supplied heat correspond to minimum extraction ratio.

Reduction of primary energy needs in urban areas trough optimal planning of district heating and heat pump installations

Energy ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittorio Verda ◽  
Elisa Guelpa ◽  
Albana Kona ◽  
Stefano Lo Russo
Keyword(s):  
Heat Pump ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
District Heating ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Optimal Planning ◽  
Energy Needs
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