scholarly journals Distribution Network Model Platform: A First Case Study

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 4079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzanic ◽  
Flammini ◽  
Prettico
Keyword(s):  
Network Model ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
First Case ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
Ev Charging

Decarbonisation policies have recently seen an uncontrolled increase in local electricity production from renewable energy sources (RES) at distribution level. As a consequence, bidirectional power flows might cause high voltage/ medium voltage (HV/MV) transformers to overload. Additionally, not-well-planned installation of electric vehicle (EV) charging stations could provoke voltage deviations and cables overloading during peak times. To ensure secure and reliable distribution network operations, technology integration requires careful analysis which is based on realistic distribution grid models (DGM). Currently, however, only not geo-referenced synthetic grids are available inliterature. This fact unfortunately represents a big limitation. In order to overcome this knowledge gap, we developed a distribution network model (DiNeMo) web-platform aiming at reproducing the DGM of a given area of interest. DiNeMo is based on metrics and indicators collected from 99 unbundled distribution system operators (DSOs) in Europe. In this work we firstly perform a validation exercise on two DGMs of the city of Varaždin in Croatia. To this aim, a set of indicators from the DGMs and from the real networks are compared. The DGMs are later used for a power flow analysis which focuses on voltage fluctuations, line losses, and lines loading considering different levels of EV charging stations penetration.

scholarly journals Multi-Voltage Level Active Distribution Network with Large Share of Weather-Dependent Generation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aeishwarya Baviskar ◽  
Kaushik Das ◽  
Matti Juhani Koivisto ◽  
Anca Daniela Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Network Model ◽  
Generation Time ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Large Share ◽  
Voltage Level ◽  
Active Distribution Network ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
Real Network Data

<div>Utility-scale and small scale wind and solar power installations along with electric vehicle charging stations, and other active sources of energy are increasing at the medium and lower voltage levels in the distribution grid. This situation required a better understanding of the impact of high penetration of weather-dependent renewable energy sources on the operating conditions of the distribution network at both medium and low voltage levels. Despite the need, a multi-voltage level distribution network model, based on real network data and weather-dependent renewable generation data, has not been presented for distribution grid studies. This paper presents a comprehensive multi-voltage level active distribution network model based on real network data along with load and generation time-series for about a year. The network topology is modelled based on geographical data for various rural, semi-urban, and urban locations. The distribution network is embodied with a large share of renewable generation sources, with generation time-series simulated from meteorological data. The network is also flexible to incorporate other assets such as electric vehicle charging stations, storage, etc. Thus, the presented active distribution network model can be used to study, optimize, and control the effects of weather dependent generation and other network assets in the distribution grid.</div>

scholarly journals Multi-Voltage Level Active Distribution Network with Large Share of Weather-Dependent Generation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aeishwarya Baviskar ◽  
Kaushik Das ◽  
Matti Juhani Koivisto ◽  
Anca Daniela Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Network Model ◽  
Generation Time ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Large Share ◽  
Voltage Level ◽  
Active Distribution Network ◽  
Electric Vehicle Charging ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
Real Network Data

<div>Utility-scale and small scale wind and solar power installations along with electric vehicle charging stations, and other active sources of energy are increasing at the medium and lower voltage levels in the distribution grid. This situation required a better understanding of the impact of high penetration of weather-dependent renewable energy sources on the operating conditions of the distribution network at both medium and low voltage levels. Despite the need, a multi-voltage level distribution network model, based on real network data and weather-dependent renewable generation data, has not been presented for distribution grid studies. This paper presents a comprehensive multi-voltage level active distribution network model based on real network data along with load and generation time-series for about a year. The network topology is modelled based on geographical data for various rural, semi-urban, and urban locations. The distribution network is embodied with a large share of renewable generation sources, with generation time-series simulated from meteorological data. The network is also flexible to incorporate other assets such as electric vehicle charging stations, storage, etc. Thus, the presented active distribution network model can be used to study, optimize, and control the effects of weather dependent generation and other network assets in the distribution grid.</div>

scholarly journals New Dispatching Paradigm in Power Systems Including EV Charging Stations and Dispersed Generation: A Real Test Case

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 944
Author(s):  
Fabio Cazzato ◽  
Marco Di Clerico ◽  
Maria Carmen Falvo ◽  
Simone Ferrero ◽  
Marco Vivian
Keyword(s):  
Power Flow ◽  
Optimal Power Flow ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Charging Stations ◽  
Distribution Grids

Electric Vehicles (EVs) are becoming one of the main answers to the decarbonization of the transport sector and Renewable Energy Sources (RES) to the decarbonization of the electricity production sector. Nevertheless, their impact on the electric grids cannot be neglected. New paradigms for the management of the grids where they are connected, which are typically distribution grids in Medium Voltage (MV) and Low Voltage (LV), are necessary. A reform of dispatching rules, including the management of distribution grids and the resources there connected, is in progress in Europe. In this paper, a new paradigm linked to the design of reform is proposed and then tested, in reference to a real distribution grid, operated by the main Italian Distribution System Operator (DSO), e-distribuzione. First, in reference to suitable future scenarios of spread of RES-based power plants and EVs charging stations (EVCS), using Power Flow (PF) models, a check of the operation of the distribution grid, in reference to the usual rules of management, is made. Second, a new dispatching model, involving DSO and the resources connected to its grids, is tested, using an Optimal Power Flow (OPF) algorithm. Results show that the new paradigm of dispatching can effectively be useful for preventing some operation problems of the distribution grids.

scholarly journals A Two-Step State Estimation Algorithm for Hybrid AC-DC Distribution Grids

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1967
Author(s):  
Gaurav Kumar Roy ◽  
Marco Pau ◽  
Ferdinanda Ponci ◽  
Antonello Monti
Keyword(s):  
State Estimation ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Estimation Algorithm ◽  
The State ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Dc Distribution ◽  
Attractive Option ◽  
Distribution Grids

Direct Current (DC) grids are considered an attractive option for integrating high shares of renewable energy sources in the electrical distribution grid. Hence, in the future, Alternating Current (AC) and DC systems could be interconnected to form hybrid AC-DC distribution grids. This paper presents a two-step state estimation formulation for the monitoring of hybrid AC-DC grids. In the first step, state estimation is executed independently for the AC and DC areas of the distribution system. The second step refines the estimation results by exchanging boundary quantities at the AC-DC converters. To this purpose, the modulation index and phase angle control of the AC-DC converters are integrated into the second step of the proposed state estimation formulation. This allows providing additional inputs to the state estimation algorithm, which eventually leads to improve the accuracy of the state estimation results. Simulations on a sample AC-DC distribution grid are performed to highlight the benefits resulting from the integration of these converter control parameters for the estimation of both the AC and DC grid quantities.

scholarly journals Rooftop Solar PV Penetration Impacts on Distribution Network and Further Growth Factors—A Comprehensive Review

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Busra Uzum ◽  
Ahmet Onen ◽  
Hany M. Hasanien ◽  
S. M. Muyeen
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Power Quality ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Solar Pv ◽  
Voltage Quality ◽  
Solution Methods ◽  
Pv Penetration

In order to meet the electricity needs of domestic or commercial buildings, solar energy is more attractive than other renewable energy sources in terms of its simplicity of installation, less dependence on the field and its economy. It is possible to extract solar energy from photovoltaic (PV) including rooftop, ground-mounted, and building integrated PV systems. Interest in rooftop PV system applications has increased in recent years due to simple installation and not occupying an external area. However, the negative effects of increased PV penetration on the distribution system are troublesome. The power loss, reverse power flow (RPF), voltage fluctuations, voltage unbalance, are causing voltage quality problems in the power network. On the other hand, variations in system frequency, power factor, and harmonics are affecting the power quality. The excessive PV penetration also the root cause of voltage stability and has an adverse effect on protection system. The aim of this article is to extensively examines the impacts of rooftop PV on distribution network and evaluate possible solution methods in terms of the voltage quality, power quality, system protection and system stability. Moreover, it is to present a comparison of the advantages/disadvantages of the solution methods discussed, and an examination of the solution methods in which artificial intelligence, deep learning and machine learning based optimization and techniques are discussed with common methods.

scholarly journals Energy Production from Biogas: Competitiveness and Support Instruments in Latvia

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 43-53
Author(s):  
G. Klāvs ◽  
A. Kundziņa ◽  
I. Kudrenickis
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Gas Distribution ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Use of renewable energy sources (RES) might be one of the key factors for the triple win-win: improving energy supply security, promoting local economic development, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The authors ex-post evaluate the impact of two main support instruments applied in 2010-2014 – the investment support (IS) and the feed-in tariff (FIT) – on the economic viability of small scale (up to 2MWel) biogas unit. The results indicate that the electricity production cost in biogas utility roughly corresponds to the historical FIT regarding electricity production using RES. However, if in addition to the FIT the IS is provided, the analysis shows that the practice of combining both the above-mentioned instruments is not optimal because too high total support (overcompensation) is provided for a biogas utility developer. In a long-term perspective, the latter gives wrong signals for investments in new technologies and also creates unequal competition in the RES electricity market. To provide optimal biogas utilisation, it is necessary to consider several options. Both on-site production of electricity and upgrading to biomethane for use in a low pressure gas distribution network are simulated by the cost estimation model. The authors’ estimates show that upgrading for use in a gas distribution network should be particularly considered taking into account the already existing infrastructure and technologies. This option requires lower support compared to support for electricity production in small-scale biogas utilities.

scholarly journals Reactive Power Management Considering Stochastic Optimization under the Portuguese Reactive Power Policy Applied to DER in Distribution Networks

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 4028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abreu ◽  
Soares ◽  
Carvalho ◽  
Morais ◽  
Simão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Management ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
Optimal Power Flow ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Distribution Network ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
System Operator

Challenges in the coordination between the transmission system operator (TSO) and the distribution system operator (DSO) have risen continuously with the integration of distributed energy resources (DER). These technologies have the possibility to provide reactive power support for system operators. Considering the Portuguese reactive power policy as an example of the regulatory framework, this paper proposes a methodology for proactive reactive power management of the DSO using the renewable energy sources (RES) considering forecast uncertainty available in the distribution system. The proposed method applies a stochastic sequential alternative current (AC)-optimal power flow (SOPF) that returns trustworthy solutions for the DSO and optimizes the use of reactive power between the DSO and DER. The method is validated using a 37-bus distribution network considering real data. Results proved that the method improves the reactive power management by taking advantage of the full capabilities of the DER and by reducing the injection of reactive power by the TSO in the distribution network and, therefore, reducing losses.

scholarly journals Enhancing privacy in smart energy systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 137 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Dominik Engel
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Distribution Grid ◽  
Smart Energy Systems ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Ev Charging

AbstractThe mission to move from fossil to renewable energy sources is accompanied and enabled by the digitalization of our energy systems. With the introduction of information and communication technologies, the widespread integration of distributed, renewable sources, even in the distribution grid, are enabled. New use cases such as fast EV charging, local energy communities and dynamic energy tariffs are also enabled. However, this move toward digitalization also increases the exposure of the energy systems for cybercrime and raises concerns regarding the privacy of personal data. In this article, we address the issue of privacy in smart energy systems and give an overview of current methods to enhance privacy.

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