scholarly journals Drivers of CO2-Emissions in Fossil Fuel Abundant Settings: (Pooled) Mean Group and Nonparametric Panel Analyses

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 3956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elkhan Richard Sadik-Zada ◽  
Wilhelm Loewenstein
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Resource Curse ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Per Capita

The present inquiry addresses the income-environment relationship in oil-producing countries and scrutinizes the further drivers of atmospheric pollution in the respective settings. The existing literature that tests the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis within the framework of the black-box approaches provides only a bird’s-eye perspective on the long-run income-environment relationship. The aspiration behind this study is making the first step toward the disentanglement of the sources of carbon dioxide emissions, which could be employed in the pollution mitigation policies of this group of countries. Based on the combination of two strands of literature, the environmental Kuznets curve conjecture and the resource curse, the paper at hand proposes an augmented theoretical framework of this inquiry. To approach the research questions empirically, the study employs advanced panel cointegration techniques. To avoid econometric misspecification, the study also employs for the first time a nonparametric time-varying coefficient panel data estimator with fixed effects (NPFE) for the dataset of 37 oil-producing countries in the time interval spanning between 1989 and 2019. The empirical analysis identifies the level of per capita income, the magnitude of oil rents, the share of fossil fuel-based electricity generation in the energy mix, and the share of the manufacturing sector in GDP as essential drivers of carbon dioxide emissions in the oil-rich countries. Tertiarization, on the contrary, leads to a substantial reduction of emissions. Another striking result of this study is that level of political rights and civil liberties are negatively associated with per capita carbon emissions in this group of countries. Furthermore, the study decisively rejects an inverted U-shaped income-emission relationship and validates the monotonically or exponentially increasing impact of average income on carbon dioxide emissions.

Economic Growth And Carbon Dioxide Emissions: The Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis In Yemen

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (68) ◽  
pp. 42-58
Author(s):  
Essa Alhannom ◽  
Ghaleb Mushabab
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis

Abstract This study investigates the validity of the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis in Yemen and the causal relationships between Carbon dioxide emissions, per capita income, energy consumption, trade openness, and industrial share to GDP. ARDL bounds testing approach to cointegration, Error Correction Model, and Toda-Yamamoto procedure to Granger causality techniques were employed on annual data covering the period from 1990 to 2010. long run relationship between CO2 emissions and its determinants with significant effects for per capita GDP and trade openness, whereas, energy consumption and trade openness appear to be important determinants of CO2 emissions in the short run. Besides, based on Narayan and Narayan (2010) approach, it is found that the EKC hypothesis does not hold in Yemen and therefore the effect of per capita income on CO2 emissions is monotonically increasing. Toda-Yamamoto causality test proved the existence of bidirectional causal relationships between economic growth and CO2 emissions, between energy consumption and economic growth, and between trade openness and energy consumption

scholarly journals Assessment on the Applicability of Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis on the Macroeconomic Factors Driving Carbon Dioxide Emissions in the Philippines

2022 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-92
Author(s):  
Peña, Elij Maridaine S ◽  
Jon Salvador Reyes ◽  
Gonzalez, Andrew N.
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Ekc Hypothesis ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis

Since there is a lack of empirical literature in the Philippines that focuses on studying the validity of the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis, this study aims to build on succeeding studies testing the validity of the EKC hypothesis in the country. In the current study, we empirically investigate the long-run relationship between the annual Philippine Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emissions as the proxy variable for Environmental Degradation, Gross Domestic Product per capita, net inflows of Foreign Direct Investment, Renewable Energy per capita, specifically for the period of 1981 - 2019. This paper also observed the Johansen Cointegration results in critically assessing whether the variables were conclusive to test in the long-run measure. For that reason, we investigated the validity of the EKC hypothesis by utilizing the ARDL long bound approach. Thus, our results revealed that a long-run relationship exists, but interestingly, the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis does not exist in the Philippines.  

scholarly journals Curva de Kuznets Ambiental y determinantes de las emisiones de C02 en Ecuador: un enfoque de cointegración

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 6453-6474
Author(s):  
Leobaldo Enrique Molero Oliva ◽  
Tanya Shyrna Andino Chancay ◽  
Mayra Iveth Párraga Mogrovejo ◽  
Holger Esteban Álava Martínez ◽  
Holger Fabrizzio Bejarano Copo
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Environmental Deterioration ◽  
The Face ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact

La hipótesis de la Curva de Kuznets Ambiental es de gran importancia para comprender la relación entre la actividad económica y la degradación ambiental. Dada la situación actual de cambio climático y crisis ambiental, se ha vuelto importante investigar el impacto de la expansión económica en el medio ambiente.  El presente estudio tiene como objetivo comprobar la hipótesis de una CKA para Ecuador, para lo cual se estima un modelo empírico que permite identificar los principales determinantes de corto y largo plazo de las emisiones de dióxido de carbono per cápita como medida del deterioro ambiental para el período 1965-2019. La metodología propuesta está sustentada en el enfoque de cointegración de Pesaran y Shin (1999) en el marco de un modelo autorregresivo de rezagos distribuidos (ARDL). Los resultados confirman la relevancia del impacto del nivel de desarrollo o ingreso, apertura económica, precio del petróleo y consumo de energía primaria en relación con las emisiones per cápita de dióxido de carbono; asimismo, se verifica la CKA, lo que implica que el deterioro ambiental es una función creciente del nivel de actividad económica hasta un determinado nivel crítico de renta, que se ubicó en 3.688,6 USD a precios constante. Despues de ese nivel, el crecimiento se asocia con niveles progresivamente mayores de calidad ambiental. Sin embargo, las emisiones pueden incrementarse ante variaciones en el precio del petróleo y el consumo de emergería primaria. De este modo, se concluye que un crecimiento más elevado a corto plazo puede acelerar la transición del país hacia niveles de ingreso compatibles con menores emisiones.   The Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis is of great importance for understanding the relationship between economic activity and environmental degradation. Given the current situation of climate change and environmental crisis, it has become important to investigate the impact of economic expansion on the environment. The present study aims to test the hypothesis of a CKA for Ecuador, for which an empirical model is estimated that allows identifying the main short and long-term determinants of per capita carbon dioxide emissions as a measure of environmental deterioration for the period 1965-2019. The proposed methodology is based on the cointegration approach of Pesaran and Shin (1999) within the framework of an autoregressive model of distributed lags (ARDL). The results confirm the relevance of the impact of the level of development or income, economic openness, oil price and primary energy consumption in relation to per capita emissions of carbon dioxide; Likewise, the CKA is verified, which implies that environmental deterioration is a growing function of the level of economic activity up to a certain critical income level, which was located at USD 3,688.6 at constant prices. After that level, growth is associated with progressively higher levels of environmental quality. However, emissions may increase in the face of variations in the price of oil and consumption of primary emergencies. In this way, it is concluded that higher growth in the short term can accelerate the country's transition towards income levels compatible with lower emissions.

Effects of agriculture, renewable energy, and economic growth on carbon dioxide emissions: Evidence of the environmental Kuznets curve

2020 ◽  
Vol 160 ◽  
pp. 104879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Hilfa Awatif Mohamad Ridzuan ◽  
Nur Fakhzan Marwan ◽  
Norlin Khalid ◽  
Mohd Helmi Ali ◽  
Ming-Lang Tseng
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
Kuznets Curve

scholarly journals The Nexus between Environmental Degradation, Income and Energy Consumption in Emerging Countries

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cengiz Aytun ◽  
Cemil Serhat Akın ◽  
Neşe Algan
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis

Today, especially in developing countries, environmental pollution threatens human life. Environmental quality is one of the most important sources of human welfare. Therefore, it is becoming increasingly important to understand the relationship between environmental degradation, income and energy consumption. The aim of this study is to investigate the nature of relationships among the carbon dioxide emissions, economic growth and energy consumption for emerging economies. For this purpose, Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis have been tested for 10 emerging economies for the years from 1980 to 2010. Data were brought together from the World Bank development indicators database. In order to test of Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis IPS panel unit root, Pedroni panel cointegration and FMOLS estimation methods are used. Results indicate that energy consumption has a positive and significant effect on carbon dioxide emissions. Results indicate that energy consumption has a positive and significant effect on carbon dioxide emissions. The findings also show that per capita GDP follows an inverted U-shape pattern associated with the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis. This situation validates the policies which assert that environmental pollution decreases with income growth.

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