scholarly journals Study of Long-Term Stability of Ni-Zr0.92Y0.08O2-δ|Zr0.92Y0.08O2-δ|Ce0.9Gd0.1O2-δ |Pr0.6Sr0.4CoO3-δ at SOFC and SOEC Mode

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 824
Author(s):  
Freddy Kukk ◽  
Priit Möller ◽  
Rait Kanarbik ◽  
Gunnar Nurk
Keyword(s):  
Cell Activity ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Electrolysis Cell ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Electrode Activity ◽  
Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Solid Oxide Cell

Long term stability is one of the decisive properties of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) as well as solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) materials from the commercialization perspective. To improve the understanding about degradation mechanisms solid oxide cells with different electrode compositions should be studied. In this work, Ni-Zr0.92Y0.08O2-δ (Ni-YSZ)| Zr0.92Y0.08O2-δ (YSZ)|Ce0.9Gd0.1O2-δ (GDC)|Pr0.6Sr0.4CoO3-δ (PSC) cells are tested in the SOFC regime for 17,820 h at 650 °C, and in the SOEC regime for 860 h at 800 °C. The SOFC experiment showed a degradation speed of 2.4% per 1000 h at first but decreased to 1.1% per 1000 h later. The electrolysis test was performed for 860 h at 800 °C. The degradation speed was 16.3% per 1000 h. In the end of the stability tests, an electrode activity mapping was carried out using a novel 18O tracing approach. Average Ni grain sizes were measured and correlated with the results of the oxygen isotope maps. Results indicate that Ni coarsening is dependent on solid oxide cell activity. Strontium, chromium and silicon concentrations were also analyzed using the ToF-SIMS method and compared to the electrode activity map, but significant correlation was not observed.

LONG-TERM STABILITY ANALYSIS OF ACOUSTIC ABSORBING BOUNDARY CONDITIONS

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 2129-2154 ◽  
Author(s):  
HÉLÈNE BARUCQ ◽  
JULIEN DIAZ ◽  
VÉRONIQUE DUPRAT
Keyword(s):  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Absorbing Boundary Conditions ◽  
Computational Domain ◽  
Acoustic Wave Equation ◽  
Absorbing Boundary ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
The Stability

This work deals with the stability analysis of a one-parameter family of Absorbing Boundary Conditions (ABC) that have been derived for the acoustic wave equation. We tackle the problem of long-term stability of the wave field both at the continuous and the numerical levels. We first define a function of energy and show that it is decreasing in time. Its discrete form is also decreasing under a Courant–Friedrichs–Lewy (CFL) condition that does not depend on the ABC. Moreover, the decay rate of the continuous energy can be determined: it is exponential if the computational domain is star-shaped and this property can be illustrated numerically.

Fabrication of Boron Compensated Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon Films with Significantly Improved Stability Using Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition Technique

1995 ◽  
Vol 377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohan K. Bhan
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Vapor Deposition Technique ◽  
Improved Stability ◽  
Donor Acceptor ◽  
B Doping ◽  
The Stability

ABSTRACTWe have systematically investigated the effects of addition of sub-ppm levels of boron on the stability of a-Si:H films and p-i-n devices, deposited by PE-CVD technique. The films thus produced with appropriate amounts of boron, show a significant improvement in stability, when soaked under both AM 1.5 (short-term) as well as 10×sun (long-term) illumination conditions. The opto-electronic properties of the films are quite respectable It is concluded that boron compensates the native impurities by forming donor-acceptor pairs, which reduces the “fast” defects and hence the initial degradation of the films. It is also speculated that boron may also be improving the short-term stability, by reducing the recombination of light generated electrons and holes, by converting D° into D+ states. The long-term stability appears to get affected by hydrogen dilution which seems to reduce the amount of “slow” defects. As a result of B doping of i-layer, the initial conversion efficiency of the devices decreases. It is presumed that our devices may contain an enhanced level of boron impurity, than expected, making them as worse material and to degrade less.

Enhancing the long-term stability of Ag based seals for solid oxide fuel/electrolysis applications by simple interconnect aluminization

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 3063-3074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoqing Si ◽  
Jian Cao ◽  
Ilaria Ritucci ◽  
Belma Talic ◽  
Jicai Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability

scholarly journals Long-Term Stability Comparison between an Original and a Generic Version of Piperacillin/Tazobactam in Dextrose 5 % Infusion Polyolefin Bags at 5 ± 3 °C after Microwave Freeze-Thaw Treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-151
Author(s):  
Sophie Huvelle ◽  
Marie Godet ◽  
Laurence Galanti ◽  
Mélanie Closset ◽  
Benoît Bihin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Generic Version ◽  
Generic Product ◽  
Brand Name ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Lower Confidence ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Aseptic Conditions

AbstractBackgroundPiperacillin-Tazobactam is frequently infused in hospitals. The use of a generic version was considered after the out of stock of the brand name Tazocin®. The stability of 4 g of Tazocin®in 120 mL of dextrose 5 % (D5) was demonstrated during 35 days at 5 °C ± 3 °C after freezing (−20 °C) and microwave thawing (FMT). The aim of the study was to investigate and compare the long-term stability of Tazocin®and a generic product in the same conditions.MethodsFive polyolefin bags of 4 g of Piperacillin/Tazobactam®Sandoz and 5 bags of 4 g of Tazocin®were prepared under aseptic conditions in 120 mL of D5 and stored 3 months at 20 °C then thawed and stored 58 days at 5 ± 3 °C.Spectrophotometric absorbance at different wavelengths, pH measurement, visual and microscopic observations were also performed.The concentrations were measured by HPLC, at 211 nm for tazobactam and 230 nm for piperacilline.ResultsNo significant change in pH values or optic densities, no crystals were detected. The lower confidence limit at 95 % of the concentration for the solutions remains superior to 90 % of the initial concentration until 58 days of storage at 5 ± 3 °C.ConclusionUnder these conditions, 4 g/120 mL of Piperacillin/Tazobactam®Sandoz or Tazocin®in D5 infusion in polyolefin bags remains stable at least for 58 days at 5 ± 3 °C after FMT

Long-term stability of Ni–Sn porous metals for cathode current collector in solid oxide fuel cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (17) ◽  
pp. 12567-12573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chihiro Hiraiwa ◽  
Hiromasa Tawarayama ◽  
Hajime Ota ◽  
Takahiro Higashino ◽  
Kazuki Okuno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽  
Current Collector ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Porous Metals ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Cathode Current

On the Properties and Long-Term Stability of Infiltrated Lanthanum Cobalt Nickelates (LCN) in Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Cathodes

2017 ◽  
Vol 164 (7) ◽  
pp. F748-F758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ragnar Kiebach ◽  
Philipp Zielke ◽  
Sune Veltzé ◽  
Simona Ovtar ◽  
Yu Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Fuel Cell Cathodes ◽  
Cell Cathodes
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