scholarly journals Optimized Modeling and Design of a PCM-Enhanced H2 Storage

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1554
Author(s):  
Andrea Luigi Facci ◽  
Marco Lauricella ◽  
Sauro Succi ◽  
Vittorio Villani ◽  
Giacomo Falcucci
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Material ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Metal Hydride ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Change Material

Thermal and mechanical energy storage is pivotal for the effective exploitation of renewable energy sources, thus fostering the transition to a sustainable economy. Hydrogen-based systems are among the most promising solutions for electrical energy storage. However, several technical and economic barriers (e.g., high costs, low energy and power density, advanced material requirements) still hinder the diffusion of such solutions. Similarly, the realization of latent heat storages through phase change materials is particularly attractive because it provides high energy density in addition to allowing for the storage of the heat of fusion at a (nearly) constant temperature. In this paper, we posit the challenge to couple a metal hydride H2 canister with a latent heat storage, in order to improve the overall power density and realize a passive control of the system temperature. A highly flexible numerical solver based on a hybrid Lattice Boltzmann Phase-Field (LB-PF) algorithm is developed to assist the design of the hybrid PCM-MH tank by studying the melting and solidification processes of paraffin-like materials. The present approach is used to model the storage of the heat released by the hydride during the H2 loading process in a phase change material (PCM). The results in terms of Nusselt numbers are used to design an enhanced metal-hydride storage for H2-based energy systems, relevant for a reliable and cost-effective “Hydrogen Economy”. The application of the developed numerical model to the case study demonstrates the feasibility of the posited design. Specifically, the phase change material application significantly increases the heat flux at the metal hydride surface, thus improving the overall system power density.

scholarly journals Preparation of a Sustainable Shape-Stabilized Phase Change Material for Thermal Energy Storage Based on Mg2+-Doped CaCO3/PEG Composites

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1639
Author(s):  
Md. Hasan Zahir ◽  
Mohammad Mominur Rahman ◽  
Salem K. S. Basamad ◽  
Khaled Own Mohaisen ◽  
Kashif Irshad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Porous Structure ◽  
Phase Change Material ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Change Material

The properties of polyethylene glycol-6000 (PEG)/MgCaCO3, a low-cost shape-selective phase change material (ss-PCM), make it highly suitable for solar thermal applications. Nanosized porous MgO-doped CaCO3 with Mg molar concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15% were synthesized using a hydrothermal technique. The prepared MgO-CaCO3 matrices were then impregnated with PEG to obtain PEG/MgCaCO3 as an ss-PCM. Samples identified as PEG-5MgCaCO3 (P-5-MCC), PEG-10MgCaCO3 (P-10-MCC), and PEG-15MgCaCO3 (P-15-MCC) were prepared and studied. Interestingly, P-10-MCC has the smallest particle size together with a good porous structure compared to the other two materials. The results of thermogravimetric analyses and differential scanning calorimetry indicate that the small particle size and porous structure facilitate the impregnation of approximately 69% of the PEG into the 10-MCC matrix. The latent heat and energy storage efficiency of PEG in the P-10-MCC sample are 152.5 J/g and 96.48%, respectively, which are significantly higher than those of comparable materials. Furthermore, in addition to the improvement of the thermal conductivity of the P-10-MCC, its supercooling is also reduced to some extent. The combined mesoporous and macro-porous structure of P-10-MCC is critical to retaining a large amount of PEG within the matrix, resulting in a high latent heat in the operating temperature range of 35–57 °C. The P-10MCC sample also demonstrates a high energy storage capacity (98.59%), high thermal energy storage/release rates, and exceptional shape-stabilized PCM properties.

Comparison of Stratification in a Water Tank and a PCM-Water Tank

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Castell ◽  
C. Sole´ ◽  
M. Medrano ◽  
M. Nogue´s ◽  
L. F. Cabeza
Keyword(s):  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Material ◽  
Temperature Change ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Charging And Discharging Processes ◽  
Change Material

Most of the storage systems available on the market use water as storage medium. Enhancing the storage performance is necessary to increase the performance of most systems. The stratification phenomenon is employed to improve the efficiency of storage tanks. Heat at an intermediate temperature, not high enough to heat up the top layer, can still be used to heat the lower, colder layers. There are a lot of parameters to study the stratification in a water tank such as the Mix Number and the Richardson Number among others. The idea studied here was to use these stratification parameters to compare two tanks with the same dimensions during charging and discharging processes. One of them is a traditional water tank and the other is a PCM-water (a water tank with a Phase Change Material). A PCM is good because it has high energy density if there is a small temperature change, since then the latent heat is much larger than the sensible heat. On the other hand, the temperature change in the top layer of a hot water store with stratification is usually small as it is held as close as possible at or above the temperature for usage. In the system studied the Phase Change Material is placed at the top of the tank, therefore the advantages of the stratification still remain. The aim of this work is to demonstrate that the use of PCM in the upper part of a water tank holds or improves the benefit of the stratification phenomenon.

Thermal Behavior of Phase Change Material During Charging Inside a Finned Cylindrical Latent Heat Energy Storage System: Effects of the Arrangement and Number of Fins

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic Groulx ◽  
Wilson Ogoh
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Material ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Heat Of Fusion ◽  
Melting Front ◽  
Change Material

One way of storing thermal energy is through the use of latent heat energy storage systems. One such system, composed of a cylindrical container filled with paraffin wax, through which a copper pipe carrying hot water is inserted, is presented in this paper. It is shown that the physical processes encountered in the flow of water, the heat transfer by conduction and convection, and the phase change behavior of the phase change material can be modeled numerically using the finite element method. Only charging (melting) is treated in this paper. The appearance and the behavior of the melting front can be simulated by modifying the specific heat of the PCM to account for the increased amount of energy, in the form of latent heat of fusion, needed to melt the PCM over its melting temperature range. The effects of adding fins to the system are also studied, as well as the effects of the water inlet velocity.

scholarly journals Thermophysical Properties Characterization of Sulphoaluminate Cement Mortars Incorporating Phase Change Material for Thermal Energy Storage

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 5024
Author(s):  
Xiaoling Cui ◽  
Xiaoyun Du ◽  
Yanzhou Cao ◽  
Guochen Sang ◽  
Yangkai Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Material ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Heat Storage ◽  
Change Material ◽  
Curing Age

Efficient use of solar energy by thermal energy storage composites and utilizing environmentally friendly cementitious materials are important trends for sustainable building composite materials. In this study, a paraffin/low density polyethylene (LDPE) composite shape-stabilized phase change material (SSPCM) was prepared and incorporated into a sulphoaluminate cement (SAC) mortar to prepare thermal energy storage mortar. The thermal and mechanical properties of SSPCM and a SAC-based thermal energy storage material (SCTESM) were investigated. The result of differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) analysis indicates that the latent heat of SCTESM is as high as 99.99 J/g. Thermogravimetric analysis demonstrates that the SCTESM does not show significant decomposition below 145 °C. The volume stability test shows the volume shrinkage percentage of the SCTESM is less than that of pure SAC mortar and far less than that of ordinary Portland cement mortar. The SCTESM has high early strength so that the compressive strength at 1-, 3-, and 7-day curing age is up to that at 28-day curing age of 67.5%, 78.3%, and 86.7%, respectively. Furthermore, a mathematical prediction model of the SCTESM compressive strength was proposed. The investigation of latent heat storage characteristics and the thermoregulating performance reveals that SCTESMs have the excellent capacity of heat storage and thermoregulating.

Preparation of Phase-Change-Material/Lightweight Aggregate Composite as an Energy Storage Material

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 3404-3408 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Z. Cui ◽  
G. F. Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Material ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Cement Paste ◽  
Lightweight Aggregate ◽  
Lauryl Alcohol ◽  
Storage Material ◽  
Energy Storage Material ◽  
Change Material

In this paper, a phase-change-material/lightweight aggregate (PCM-LWA) composite thermal energy storage material was prepared by absorbing the lauryl alcohol, which is one kind of phase change materials, into porous lightweight aggregates (LWAs) that have an excellent absorbability. In such a composite, the lauryl alcohol serves as a latent heat storage material and the porous lightweight aggregate acts as the supporting material. In order to prevent the melted lauryl alcohol leak from the porous LWAs, surface seal processing for the PCM-LWA was necessary. In this research, pure cement paste and polymer modified cement paste were used to seal the PCM-LWA surface. Through comparison between the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) tests for lauryl alcohol and PCM-LWA, it can be known that the solid-liquid phase change temperature of the composite PCM-LWA was slightly higher than that of the lauryl alcohol, and latent heat of the PCM-LWA was smaller than that of the pure PCM.

Super-Cooling Suppression of Microencapsulated PCM

2014 ◽  
Vol 1070-1072 ◽  
pp. 422-426
Author(s):  
Shan Lv ◽  
Zhong Zhu Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Phase Change ◽  
Phase Change Material ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Core Material ◽  
Microencapsulated Phase Change Material ◽  
State Changes ◽  
Main Barrier ◽  
Change Material

Microencapsulated Phase change material can absorb and release large amounts of latent heat over a defined temperature range as its physical state changes. The microencapsulated PCM has high energy density and isothermal behavior during charging and discharging and can avoid the contradiction of the energy supply and demand unbalance in time and space. Meanwhile, the shell can separate the phase change material from the outside environment in order to protect the core material. But the super-cooling problem is a main barrier for microencapsulated PCM application. So this paper talks about how to dealing with super-cooling based on related literatures and gives an overview about the methodology in this area.

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