Effect of different basin materials on the performance of hemispherical distiller with mirrors and energy storage material

Numerous studies are being conducted on solar desalination systems with creating new designs to improve the efficiency and yield of these systems. Hemispherical solar still has a relatively large throughput because of its large exposure and evaporation surface areas compared to the other distiller designs. To get the optimal conditions of the parameters that provide the highest productivity of the hemispherical still, three hemispherical basin stills were fabricated and tested. The experiments were performed in three stages: In the first one, the traditional hemispherical solar still THSS (a reference distiller) was compared by THSS with internal reflective mirrors (THSS-IRM). In the second stage, the effect of using different basin metals (THSS with basin metal of zinc (THSS-IRMZ) and basin metal of copper (THSS-IRMC)) with internal reflective mirrors was studied. In the third stage, the two distillers were investigated under using energy storage medium (30 g/L sand grains for each). The THSS with internal reflective mirrors, basin metal of zinc, and energy storage medium is abbreviated by THSS-IRMZSG. Also, THSS with internal reflective mirrors, basin metal of copper, and energy storage medium is abbreviated by THSS-IRMCSG. Moreover, THSS with internal reflective mirrors and energy storage medium is abbreviated by THSS-IRMSG. The results showed that the combination of using internal reflective mirrors, basin material (copper) and energy storage medium provided the best improvement of hemispherical distillation device. The maximum cumulative yield of THSS-IRMCSG was 11.9 L/m².day, while the reference distillation device gave a total yield of 4.65 L/m².day. So, the productivity was improved by around 156%.

Ag Nanoparticles Significantly Improve the Slow Decay Brightness of SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Dy3+ by the Surface Plasmon Effect

Long afterglow luminescence material is an important energy storage material. For large-scale applications, the low afterglow brightness specially in slow decay process is a weak point. At present, the methods...

Improving the Potable Water from Tubular Solar Still Using Eggshell Powder as an Natural Energy Storage Medium - An Experimental Approach

It seems like every hour, there is a greater need for fresh water. The demand for fresh water is rapidly growing as a consequence of the expanding population and the increased urbanization of the world's population. The tubular solar still offers much larger evaporative and condensing surface areas than normal single slope solar still. The scope of this study is to improve the performance of tubular solar still by employing eggshells as the bed material, which has good heat absorption properties. Results showed that the influence of eggshell powder as energy storage material in the basin improved the average water temperature by 10.8, 10.9, and 8.73% for the water thickness of 10, 15, and 20 mm respectively. The usage of eggshells as an energy store in the basin results in an increase of about 60.77 % potable water produced. The maximum observed distillate output from the solar still is 0.6 kg for solar stills with eggshell powder as energy storage material and 0.34 kg for solar stills without eggshell powder in the absorber of TSS at peak solar radiation and at the lowest water thickness of 10 mm. The hourly potable water generated from TSS using eggshell as an energy storage material increased by roughly 47% compared to the flat absorber without eggshell powder. TSS with eggshell powder as energy storage has a daily energy efficiency of 79.19, 75.49, and 44.18 % for water thicknesses of 10, 15, and 20 mm in the basin. Tubular solar still using eggshell as energy storage material and tubular solar still without any material produced 3.62 kg and 1.42 kg average yields at a water thickness of 10 mm. Water thickness of 10, 15, and 20 mm has performance improvement ratios of 2.54, 2.51, and 2.18 respectively.

The Effect of Ca Dopant on the Electrical and Dielectric Properties of BaTi4O9 Sintered Ceramics

The current research examines the impact of Ca2+ substitution on the phase and electrical properties of (Ba1−xCax)Ti4O9, (x = 0.0, 0.3, 0.6, and 0.9) sintered pellets synthesized by solid-state reaction method. The as-synthesized samples were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and impedance spectroscopy. The emergence of orthorhombic phase fit into space group Pnmm was revealed by XRD, and the addition of Ca resulted in a considerable shift in grain size. Dielectric properties were determined using an impedance spectroscopy in a wide frequency range from 1MHz to 3 GHz. The dielectric properties i.e., dielectric constant (εr) and dielectric loss (tanσ), were measured at 3 GHz frequency. The frequency-dependent parameters such as conductivity, dielectric constant, and dielectric loss indicated that the relaxation process is a Maxwell–Wagner type of interfacial polarization. The improved dielectric properties and low energy loss have made (Ba1−xCax)Ti4O9 a prominent energy storage material. This study provides the possibility to improve its dielectric properties and reduce energy loss, making it an excellent energy storage material.