The Influences of NP100 Surfactant and Pine-Oil Concentrations on Filtrate Volume and Filter-Cake Thickness of Microemulsion-Based Drilling Fluids (O/W)

In this work, nonionic surfactant NP100 and pine oil influences on the filtrate volume (FV) and the filter-cake thickness (thkns) of microemulsified drilling fluids were studied. A ternary phase diagram was obtained to define the microemulsion region, where a 2k factorial design was used with the addition of four center points and axial points. Twelve microemulsion points were defined and used later in the formulation of the investigated drilling fluids. The results showed that the increase in the surfactant and pine oil’s concentration increased FV and thkns, withthe oil phase being the most influential component in the filtrate volume and the surfactant being the most influential in the filter-cake thickness. Statistically significant models were obtained. The optimal concentrations were determined for the lowest FV and thkns; 45% of surfactant and 5% of pine oil for the filtrate volume (1.3 mL), and 45% of surfactant and 15% of pine oil for the filter-cake thickness (0.64 mm).

Download Full-text

Using phase boundary mapping to resolve discrepancies in the Mg2Si–Mg2Sn miscibility gap

Journal of Materials Chemistry A ◽

10.1039/d1ta00115a ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Rachel Orenstein ◽

James P. Male ◽

Michael Toriyama ◽

Shashwat Anand ◽

G. Jeffrey Snyder

Keyword(s):

Phase Diagram ◽

Phase Boundary ◽

Ternary Phase ◽

Ternary Phase Diagram ◽

Miscibility Gap ◽

Boundary Mapping

A new understanding of the MgSi–MgSn miscibility gap is reached through phase boundary mapping the Mg–Si–Sn ternary phase diagram.

Download Full-text

Lattice evolution, ordering transformation and microwave dielectric properties of rock-salt Li3+xMg2–2xNb1-xTi2xO6 solid-solution system: A newly developed pseudo ternary phase diagram

Acta Materialia ◽

10.1016/j.actamat.2021.116636 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 206 ◽

pp. 116636

Author(s):

Xing Zhang ◽

Zixuan Fang ◽

Hongyu Yang ◽

Peng Zhao ◽

Xiao Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phase Diagram ◽

Solid Solution ◽

Dielectric Properties ◽

Ternary Phase ◽

Ternary Phase Diagram ◽

Microwave Dielectric Properties ◽

Solution System ◽

System A ◽

Microwave Dielectric ◽

Solid Solution System

Download Full-text

Calculation of phase diagrams and thermodynamic properties of 14 additive and reciprocal ternary systems containing Li2CO3, Na2CO3, K2CO3, Li2SO4, Na2SO4, K2SO4, LiOH, NaOH, and KOH

Canadian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1139/v84-078 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 62 (3) ◽

pp. 457-474 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

A. D. Pelton ◽

C. W. Bale ◽

P. L. Lin

Keyword(s):

Phase Diagram ◽

Thermodynamic Properties ◽

Molten Salt ◽

Phase Diagrams ◽

Binary Systems ◽

Ternary Phase ◽

Ternary Phase Diagram ◽

Ternary Systems ◽

Maximum Error ◽

Critical Assessment

Phase diagrams and thermodynamic properties of five additive molten salt ternary systems and nine reciprocal molten salt ternary systems containing the ions Li+, Na+, [Formula: see text], OH− are calculated from the thermodynamic properties of their binary subsystems which were obtained previously by a critical assessment of the thermodynamic data and the phase diagrams in these binary systems. Thermodynamic properties of ternary liquid phases are estimated from the binary properties by means of the Conformal Ionic Solution Theory. The ternary phase diagrams are then calculated from these thermodynamic properties by means of computer programs designed for the purpose. It is found that a ternary phase diagram can generally be calculated in this way with a maximum error about twice that of the maximum error in the binary phase diagrams upon which the calculations are based. If, in addition, some reliable ternary phase diagram measurements are available, these can be used to obtain small ternary correction terms. In this way, ternary phase diagram measurements can be smoothed and the isotherms drawn in a thermodynamically correct way. The thermodynamic approach permits experimental data to be critically assessed in the light of thermodynamic principles and accepted solution models. A critical assessment of error limits on all the calculated ternary diagrams is made, and suggestions as to which composition regions merit further experimental study are given.

Download Full-text

Part II. Model for the Protective Coating Formation During Hot Dip Galvanizing/ Część II. Model Formowania Powłoki Ochronnej Podczas Cynkowania Ogniowego

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials ◽

10.2478/amm-2014-0237 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 59 (4) ◽

pp. 1393-1404 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

W. Wołczynski ◽

Z. Pogoda ◽

G. Garzeł ◽

B. Kucharska ◽

A. Sypien ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phase Diagram ◽

Mass Balance ◽

Protective Coating ◽

Mathematical Description ◽

Ternary Phase ◽

Ternary Phase Diagram ◽

Solute Redistribution ◽

Zinc Bath ◽

Flux System ◽

Coating Formation

Abstract A mathematical description for the (Zn) - coating formation with the presence of flux in the zinc bath is presented. This description includes the progressive vanishing of the products of the flux disintegration. A function which expresses the flux vanishing is formulated. The solidification of some phase sub-layers in the (Zn) - coating is considered with the use of a hypothetical pseudo-ternary phase diagram Fe-Zn-flux. Some relationships are formulated to define the varying Zn - solute redistribution as observed across the sub-layers. The relationships are based on the mass balance analyzed for the coating / bath / flux system. An amount of the growing phase in a given sub-layers is also defined mathematically.

Download Full-text