scholarly journals Water Needs of Willow (Salix L.) in Western Poland

Energies ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 484
Author(s):  
Daniel Liberacki ◽  
Joanna Kocięcka ◽  
Piotr Stachowski ◽  
Roman Rolbiecki ◽  
Stanisław Rolbiecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Reference Evapotranspiration ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
The West ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Alternative Energy Source ◽  
Water Conditions ◽  
Biomass For Energy

Willows are one of the plants which can be used to produce biomass for energy purposes. Biomass production is classified as a renewable energy source. Increasing the share of renewable sources is one of the priority actions for European Union countries due to the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. To achieve the best possible growth of the willow and increase its biomass for fuel, it is crucial to provide optimal water conditions for its growth. The aim of the study was to determine the water requirements of willows under the conditions of the western Polish climate and to verify whether this area is potentially favourable for willow cultivation. The novelty of this paper lies in its multi-year climatic analysis in the context of willow water needs for the area of three voivodships: Lubusz, Lower Silesian, and West Pomeranian. This is one of the few willow water-needs analyses for this region which considers the potential for widespread willow cultivation and biomass production in western Poland. Reference evapotranspiration (ETo) was determined by the Blaney-Criddle equation and then, using plant coefficients, water needs for willow were determined. Calculations were carried out for the growing season lasting from 21 May to 31 October. The estimated water needs during the vegetation season amounted on average to 408 mm for the West Pomeranian Voivodeship, 405 mm for the Lubusz Voivodeship, and 402 mm for the Lower Silesian Voivodeship. The conducted analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that these needs do not differ significantly between the voivodeships. Therefore, it can be concluded that the water requirements of willows in western Poland do not differ significantly, and the whole region shows similar water conditions for willow cultivation. Furthermore, it was found that water needs are increasing from decade to decade, making rational water management necessary. This is particularly important in countries with limited water resources, such as Poland. Correctly determining the water requirements of willow and applying them to the cultivation of this plant should increase the biomass obtained. With appropriate management, willow cultivation in Poland can provide an alternative energy source to coal.

Alternative Energy Source for Heating System of Woodworking Enterprise

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Savchenko ◽  
◽  
Vasyl Zhelykh ◽  
Yurii Yurkevych ◽  
Khrystyna Kozak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Alternative Energy Source

scholarly journals The Water Needs of Grapevines in Central Poland

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 416
Author(s):  
Barbara Jagosz ◽  
Stanisław Rolbiecki ◽  
Roman Rolbiecki ◽  
Ariel Łangowski ◽  
Hicran A. Sadan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Time Trend ◽  
Reference Evapotranspiration ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Water Requirements ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Central Poland ◽  
Crop Coefficients ◽  
Near Future

Climate warming increases the water needs of plants. The aim of this study was to estimate the water needs of grapevines in central Poland. Water needs were calculated using the crop coefficients method. Reference evapotranspiration was assessed by the Blaney–Criddle’s equation, modified for climate conditions in Poland. Crop coefficients were assumed according to the Doorenbos and Pruitt method. Water needs were calculated using the data from four meteorological stations. Rainfall deficit with the probability occurrence of normal years, medium dry years, and very dry years was determined by the Ostromęcki’s method. Water needs of grapevines during the average growing season were estimated at 438 mm. Upward time trend in the water needs both in the period of May–October and June–August was estimated. Temporal variability in the water needs was significant for all of the provinces. These changes were mainly impacted by a significant increasing tendency in mean air temperature and less by precipitation totals that did not show a clear changing tendency. Due to climate change, vineyards will require irrigation in the near future. The use of resource-efficient irrigation requires a precise estimate of the grapevines’ water needs. The study identified the water requirements for grapevines in central Poland.

scholarly journals Use of Human Step Energy as an Alternative Energy Source

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
Kateryna Viktorivna Miroshnyk ◽  
Oleh Mykolaiovych Bevza
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Alternative Energy Source

scholarly journals Energy harvesting through a piezoelectric sensor

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moojin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Piezoelectric Sensor ◽  
Forced Oscillations ◽  
Paper Strip ◽  
Alternative Energy Source ◽  
Electronic Sensors

Energy harvesting through motion caused by wind is a unique way of finding an alternative energy source for several electronic devices. Piezo-electronic sensors, which harvest energy from small vibrations and movements, are investigated by many researchers nowadays. This paper conducted an experimental study to find an alternative energy source for diverse electronics with forced oscillations from a fan. The relations between the force applied by wind and the oscillation of a paper strip were studied.

scholarly journals Development of Regenerative Braking Concept for Electric Vehicle Enhanced with Bidirectional Converter

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1584 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kavitha ◽  
V. Elanangai ◽  
S. Jayaprakash ◽  
V. Balasubramanian
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Regenerative Braking ◽  
Automotive Sector ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Oil Reserves ◽  
Alternative Energy Source ◽  
Bidirectional Converter ◽  
Braking Process

Due to the increasing concern for environment protection and the uncertainty about oil reserves, nowadays electricity is playing a key role as an alternative energy source in the automotive sector. In this paper, non isolated bidirectional converter is used for electric vehicle application during regenerative braking process. During motoring operation, the converter supplies energy to motor through battery. In regenerative braking action, the converter supplies the available back emf to charge the battery. The recycled energy is effectively stored in the battery. The simulation is carried out in MATLAB/Simulink. The worthiness of simulation is illustrated experimentally by developing a prototype. The simulation and experimental results are presented in this paper<strong>.</strong>

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