Differential Early Performance of Two Underplanted Hardwood Tree Species Following Restoration Treatments in High-Graded Temperate Rainforests

Raulí (Nothofagus alpina (Poepp. & Endl.)) and Ulmo (Eucryphia cordifolia Cav.) are mid-tolerant tree species in the Coihue-Raulí-Tepa (ca. 0.55 mill ha) and Evergreen (ca. 4.1 mill ha) forest types in south-central Chile, respectively. These species have been selectively logged in old-growth forests especially during the 20th century, Raulí mostly for its highly valuable timber, and Ulmo for its highly demanded firewood and bark for the tannery industry. Natural regeneration of these species occurs mostly through canopy gaps, but it can be retarded, or even inhibited, when the cover of the understory vegetation becomes unusually dense, such as in high-graded forests. Although underplanting is possible for these species, the knowledge about their growth in forest understories is scarce, and necessary to inform restoration programs. Therefore, we evaluated short-term responses (two years) of underplanted containerized seedlings in root-collar diameter, height, stem volume, and in the slenderness index, as a function of canopy openness (%, continuous variable) and three restoration treatments (categorical variables, plus one control treatment) at two different sites with high-graded old-growth forests for each forest type. By using generalized linear mixed-effects models (GLMMs) we determined that Raulí was more sensitive to the influence of both canopy openness and restoration treatments, while Ulmo was mostly influenced by canopy openness. Specifically, Raulí was positively influenced by canopy openness and restoration treatments in all response variables except for the slenderness index. Conversely, Ulmo was influenced by canopy openness in all response variables except the slenderness index, which was influenced by both predictor variables (canopy openness and restoration treatments). Thus, prospects for restoration with these species are discussed, including possible ontogenetic changes in their responses to light that may demand continuous silvicultural operations to recover the productive and functional roles of these species in these forest ecosystems.

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Canadian Forestry Accreditation Board Annual Report – 2015 / Bureau Canadien d'agrément en foresterie Rapport Annuel – 2015: SFI Partnering for Conservation and Community Impact: New Pathway to Environmentally Responsible Forest Management in LEED: Legal Forestry alone is not worthy of LEED Credit: All Tree Species Vulnerable to Drought?: Carbon in Pacific Northwest Forests Reflects Harvest History: Value of Urban (London, UK) Trees Shown: Old-growth Forests as Buffer against Rising Temperatures

The Forestry Chronicle ◽

10.5558/tfc2016-033 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 92 (02) ◽

pp. 150-162

Keyword(s):

Forest Management ◽

Pacific Northwest ◽

Tree Species ◽

Annual Report ◽

Old Growth ◽

Community Impact ◽

Environmentally Responsible ◽

Rapport Annuel ◽

Old Growth Forests

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Comparison of potential non-timber forest products in intensively managed young stands and mature/old-growth forests in south-central British Columbia

Forest Ecology and Management ◽

10.1016/j.foreco.2008.07.013 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 256 (11) ◽

pp. 1897-1909 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Alana J. Clason ◽

Pontus M.F. Lindgren ◽

Thomas P. Sullivan

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

Forest Products ◽

Old Growth ◽

South Central ◽

Old Growth Forests ◽

Non Timber Forest Products ◽

Intensively Managed

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Acumulación De Restos Lignino-Celulósicos (Necromasa) En Un Bosque Templado De Antiguo Crecimiento Dominado Por Nothofagus En El Centro- Sur De Chile

European Scientific Journal ESJ ◽

10.19044/esj.2016.v12n9p69 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (9) ◽

pp. 69

Author(s):

Carlos Belezaca Pinargote ◽

Darwin Salvatierra Piloso ◽

Diana Delgado Campusano ◽

Roberto Godoy Bórquez ◽

Eduardo Valenzuela Flores ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coarse Woody Debris ◽

National Park ◽

Woody Debris ◽

Basal Area ◽

Stem Volume ◽

Decomposition Level ◽

Old Growth ◽

Central Chile ◽

Forest Density ◽

South Central

Coarse woody debris (CWD) are the necromass in wooded environments and comply with various ecosystems functions, such as seedling nursery, habitat other organisms, store carbon (C) and nutrients, etc.. Volume, necromass, and decay states of CWD dead in an old-growth temperate (OGTF) forest in Puyehue National Park, South-Central Chile were evaluated. In 10 plots of 900 m2 CWD was quantified (≥ 10 cm diameter), whose necromass classified using a scale of five categories/stages of decay, necromass (1 = lowest and 5 = highest degradation). The average forest density was 299 trees ha-1, 112 m2 ha-1 of basal area, and 2.395 m3 of stem volume. The upper arboreal stratum was dominated by N. betuloides. The greatest amount of CWD belonged to N. betuloides (95,2%), where logs (52,7%) and branches (35%), plant structures were present in greater numbers. The bulk of necromass found in advanced states of decomposition (level 4 and 5) with 56,5% and 34,1%, respectively. It was determined that the CWD volume was 632 m3 ha-1, representing a necromass of 321.5 Mg ha- 1. These results demonstrate that the old-growth temperate forests of southern Chile are significant reserves of coarse woody debris, which contributes to the biogeochemistry of these complex and remote ecosystems.

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C and N cycle under beech and hornbeam tree species in the Iranian old-growth forests

CATENA ◽

10.1016/j.catena.2019.104406 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 187 ◽

pp. 104406 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yahya Kooch ◽

Negar Moghimian ◽

Giorgio Alberti

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Old Growth ◽

N Cycle ◽

Old Growth Forests ◽

C And N

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Tree species and soil nutrient profiles in old-growth forests of the Oregon Coast Range

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x10-199 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 195-210 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Alison Cross ◽

Steven S. Perakis

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Forest Floor ◽

Mineral Soil ◽

Soil Nutrient ◽

Douglas Fir ◽

Western Hemlock ◽

Coast Range ◽

Old Growth ◽

Oregon Coast Range ◽

Old Growth Forests

Old-growth forests of the Pacific Northwest provide a unique opportunity to examine tree species – soil relationships in ecosystems that have developed without significant human disturbance. We characterized foliage, forest floor, and mineral soil nutrients associated with four canopy tree species (Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco), western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.), western redcedar (Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don), and bigleaf maple (Acer macrophyllum Pursh)) in eight old-growth forests of the Oregon Coast Range. The greatest forest floor accumulations of C, N, P, Ca, Mg, and K occurred under Douglas-fir, primarily due to greater forest floor mass. In mineral soil, western hemlock exhibited significantly lower Ca concentration and sum of cations (Ca + Mg + K) than bigleaf maple, with intermediate values for Douglas-fir and western redcedar. Bigleaf maple explained most species-based differences in foliar nutrients, displaying high concentrations of N, P, Ca, Mg, and K. Foliar P and N:P variations largely reflected soil P variation across sites. The four tree species that we examined exhibited a number of individualistic effects on soil nutrient levels that contribute to biogeochemical heterogeneity in these ecosystems. Where fire suppression and long-term succession favor dominance by highly shade-tolerant western hemlock, our results suggest a potential for declines in both soil Ca availability and soil biogeochemical heterogeneity in old-growth forests.

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