scholarly journals The Spread and Role of the Invasive Alien Tree Quercus rubra (L.) in Novel Forest Ecosystems in Central Europe

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 586
Author(s):  
Damian Chmura
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Quercus Rubra ◽  
The Self ◽  
Red Oak ◽  
Habitat Filtering ◽  
Functional Richness ◽  
Ordination Method

Research Highlights: The factors that control the spread and regeneration of Quercus rubra (L.) and the functional diversity of invaded forest were studied in order to indicate the significant role of disturbances in a forest and the low functional richness and evenness of sites that are occupied by red oak. Background and Objectives: Red oak is one of the most frequent invasive trees from North America in Central Europe. It is also one of the most efficient self-regenerating invasive alien species in forests. The main goal of the study is to identify the characteristics of forest communities with a contribution of Q. rubra, and to assess its role in shaping the species diversity of these novel phytocoenoses. Materials and Methods: A total of 180 phytosociological records that have a share of Q. rubra in southern Poland were collected, including 100 randomly chosen plots from which soil samples were taken. In addition, vegetation sampling was performed in 55 plots in the vicinities that were uninvaded. Results: The probability of the self-regeneration and cover of Q. rubra seedlings depends mainly on the availability of maternal trees, and the abundance of seedlings was highest in cutting areas. The vegetation with Q. rubra differed in the plant functional types and environmental factors. According to the three-table ordination method, while the cover of red oak only affected the canopy of the remaining species, a comparison of the invaded and uninvaded plots demonstrated that the sites that were occupied by Q. rubra had lower values of functional richness and evenness, thus indicating higher habitat filtering and a lower importance of competition. Conclusions: Forest management practices play the most crucial role in the self-regeneration and occurrence of Q. rubra. However, the role of red oak in shaping the species composition and functional diversity is rather low.

scholarly journals Coupling people and nature: social-ecological filters of beetle functional diversity in local campesino and migrant homegardens of the southern Andes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Tomás Ibarra ◽  
Julián Caviedes ◽  
Tomás A. Altamirano ◽  
Romina Urra ◽  
Antonia Barreau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Functional Traits ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Functional Richness ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Ecological Filters

Abstract Homegardens are coupled social-ecological systems that act as biodiversity reservoirs while contributing to local food sovereignty. These systems are characterized by their structural complexity, while involving management practices according to gardener’s cultural origin. Social-ecological processes in homegardens may act as filters of species’ functional traits, and thus influence the species richness-functional diversity relationship of critical agroecosystem components like beetles (Coleoptera). We tested the species richness-functional diversity relationship of beetle communities and examined whether habitat structure across different levels, sociodemographic profiles, and management practices act as filters in homegardens in a Global Biodiversity Hotspot, Chile. For 100 homegardens (50 campesino and 50 migrant), we sampled beetles and habitat attributes, and surveyed gardeners’ sociodemographic profiles and management practices. We recorded 85 beetle species and found a positive relationship between species richness and functional richness that saturated when functionally similar species co-occur more often than expected by chance, indicating functional redundancy in species-rich homegardens. Gardener origin (campesino/migrant), homegarden area (m2), structural complexity (index), and pest control strategy (natural, chemical, or none) were the most influential social-ecological filters that selectively remove beetle species according to their functional traits. We discuss opportunities in homegarden management for strengthening local functional diversity and resilience under social-environmental changes.

scholarly journals Social-ecological filters drive the functional diversity of beetles in homegardens of campesinos and migrants in the southern Andes

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Tomás Ibarra ◽  
Julián Caviedes ◽  
Tomás A. Altamirano ◽  
Romina Urra ◽  
Antonia Barreau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Functional Traits ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Functional Richness ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Ecological Filters

AbstractHomegardens are coupled social-ecological systems that act as biodiversity reservoirs while contributing to local food sovereignty. These systems are characterized by their structural complexity, while involving management practices according to gardener’s cultural origin. Social–ecological processes in homegardens may act as filters of species’ functional traits, and thus influence the species richness-functional diversity relationship of critical agroecosystem components like beetles (Coleoptera). We tested the species richness-functional diversity relationship of beetle communities and examined whether habitat structure across different levels, sociodemographic profiles, and management practices act as filters in homegardens in a Global Biodiversity Hotspot, Chile. For 100 homegardens (50 campesino and 50 migrant), we sampled beetles and habitat attributes, and surveyed gardeners’ sociodemographic profiles and management practices. We recorded 85 beetle species and found a positive relationship between species richness and functional richness that saturated when functionally similar species co-occur more often than expected by chance, indicating functional redundancy in species-rich homegardens. Gardener origin (campesino/migrant), homegarden area (m2), structural complexity (index), and pest control strategy (natural, chemical, or none) were the most influential social–ecological filters that selectively remove beetle species according to their functional traits. We discuss opportunities in homegarden management for strengthening local functional diversity and resilience under social-environmental changes.

scholarly journals Functional diversity of reproductive traits increases across succession in the Atlantic forest

Rodriguésia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bianca Warring ◽  
Fernanda Cristina Gil Cardoso ◽  
Marcia C.M. Marques ◽  
Isabela Galarda Varassin
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Forest Succession ◽  
Biotic Interactions ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Limiting Similarity ◽  
Trait Distribution ◽  
Functional Richness ◽  
Functional Dispersion

Abstract Niche and neutral processes shape community assembly with a possible shift of niche and neutral importance in communities undergoing temporal changes during succession. Functional diversity helps to discriminate assembly processes since trait distribution is dependent on those processes. We evaluated the changes in reproductive traits related to pollination and seed dispersal in a successional gradient in an Atlantic Forest area, Southern Brazil. We surveyed forests undergoing regeneration varying in age from 2 to 80 years after pasture abandonment. We expected an increase in functional diversity of reproductive traits and a greater role of limiting similarity across succession. Abiotic and mixed pollination systems, dioecious sexual system, biotic dispersed, many-seeded and small-seeded species decreased as the forest got older. Conversely, bee-pollinated, bell-shaped, small and androgynous flowers increased across forest succession as well biotic dispersed and large-seeded species. Functional richness and functional dispersion were higher in older forests. Changes in functional diversity were positively related to species richness, indicating that species enrichment in older forests added new sets of reproductive traits. These changes in trait distribution and functional diversity across succession in the Atlantic Forest suggest an increased role of biotic interactions and limiting similarity process structuring plant assemblages of second-growth tropical forests.

Weight-Norm Internalization: The Role of the Self-Concept in Norm-Related Self-Evaluation

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayle R. Bessenoff ◽  
Wendi L. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Norm Internalization

The role of the self in creative expression

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Donnelly ◽  
Radmila Prislin ◽  
Ryan Nicholls
Keyword(s):  
Creative Expression ◽  
The Self

The role of the self in organizational justice

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Ramona Bobocel ◽  
Russell E. Johnson ◽  
Joel Brockner
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Justice ◽  
The Self

Happiness and the Self: The Role of Realistic and Unrealistic Control Beliefs

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances M. Sessa
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Control Beliefs

The role of egocentrism in estimating social evaluations of the self

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Chambers ◽  
Nick Epley ◽  
Paul Windschitl
Keyword(s):  
The Self

Managing Landscape Irrigation to Avoid Soil and Nutrient Losses

EDIS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
George Hochmuth ◽  
Laurie Trenholm ◽  
Don Rainey ◽  
Esen Momol ◽  
Claire Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Nutrient Losses ◽  
County Agents ◽  
The Right ◽  
Soil And Water

Proper irrigation management is critical to conserve and protect water resources and to properly manage nutrients in the home landscape. How lawns and landscapes are irrigated directly impacts the natural environment, so landscape maintenance professionals and homeowners must adopt environmentally-friendly approaches to irrigation management. After selecting the right plant for the right place, water is the next critical factor to establish and maintain a healthy lawn and landscape. Fertilization is another important component of lawn and landscape maintenance, and irrigation must be applied correctly, especially following fertilization, to minimize potential nutrient losses. This publication supplements other UF/IFAS Extension publications that also include information on the role of soil and the root zone in irrigation management. This publication is designed to help UF/IFAS Extension county agents prepare materials to directly address nutrient losses from lawns and landscapes caused by inadequate irrigation management practices. This 6-page fact sheet was written by George Hochmuth, Laurie Trenholm, Don Rainey, Esen Momol, Claire Lewis, and Brian Niemann, and published by the UF Department of Soil and Water Science, October 2013. http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ss586

From Container to Claustrum: Projective Identification in Couples

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Health ◽  
Projective Identification ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Intimate Partners ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
As If

This paper is a contribution to the growing literature on the role of projective identification in understanding couples' dynamics. Projective identification as a defence is well suited to couples, as intimate partners provide an ideal location to deposit unwanted parts of the self. This paper illustrates how projective identification functions differently depending on the psychological health of the couple. It elucidates how healthier couples use projective identification more as a form of communication, whereas disturbed couples are inclined to employ it to invade and control the other, as captured by Meltzer's concept of "intrusive identification". These different uses of projective identification affect couples' capacities to provide what Bion called "containment". In disturbed couples, partners serve as what Meltzer termed "claustrums" whereby projections are not contained, but imprisoned or entombed in the other. Applying the concept of claustrum helps illuminate common feelings these couples express, such as feeling suffocated, stifled, trapped, held hostage, or feeling as if the relationship is killing them. Finally, this paper presents treatment challenges in working with more disturbed couples.

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