scholarly journals Litter Inhibitory Effects on Soil Microbial Biomass, Activity, and Catabolic Diversity in Two Paired Stands of Robinia pseudoacacia L. and Pinus nigra Arn.

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna De Marco ◽  
Fabrizio Esposito ◽  
Björn Berg ◽  
Armando Zarrelli ◽  
Amalia Virzo De Santo
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Black Locust ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
C Sequestration ◽  
Pinus Nigra ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Black Pine ◽  
Soil Microbial

Research Highlights: Plant cover drives the activity of the microbial decomposer community and affects carbon (C) sequestration in the soil. Despite the relationship between microbial activity and C sequestration in the soil, potential inhibition of soil microbial activity by plant cover has received little attention to date. Background and Objectives: Differences in soil microbial activity between two paired stands on soil at a very early stage of formation and a common story until afforestation, can be traced back to the plant cover. We hypothesized that in a black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) stand the high-quality leaf litter of the tree, and that of the blackberry (Rubus fruticosus L.) understory had an inhibitory effect on soil microbial community resulting in lower mineralization of soil organic matter compared to the paired black pine (Pinus nigra Arn.) stand. Materials and Methods: We estimated potential mineralization rates (MR), microbial (MB), and active fungal biomass (AFB) of newly-shed litter, forest floor, and mineral soil. We tested the effects of litters’ water extracts on soil MR, MB, AFB and its catabolic response profile (CRP). Results: Newly-shed litter of black locust had higher MR than that of blackberry and black pine; MR, MB, and AFB were higher in forest floor and in mineral soil under black pine than under black locust. Water extracts of black locust and blackberry litter had a negative effect on the amount, activity of microorganisms, and CRP. Conclusions: The results demonstrate the potential for black locust and blackberry litter to have a marked inhibitory effect on decomposer microorganisms that, in turn, reduce organic matter mineralization with possible consequences at the ecosystem level, by increasing C sequestration in mineral soil.

scholarly journals Biochemical changes in cuttings of Robinia pseudoacacia after treatment with naphthenate

2007 ◽  
Vol 72 (10) ◽  
pp. 953-959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavko Kevresan ◽  
Branislav Kovacevic ◽  
Vera Cirin-Novta ◽  
Ksenija Kuhajda ◽  
Julijan Kandrac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Black Locust ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Naphthenic Acids ◽  
Biochemical Changes ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Iaa Oxidase ◽  
Low Activity

Naphthenic acids were isolated from gas oil fractions (distillation interval 168-290?C) of Vojvodina crude oil "Velebit", characterized and their biological activity evaluated by the biochemical changes in cuttings of Robinia pseudoacacia after treatment with naphthenate. The activities of IAA peroxidase, total peroxidases and amylase, as well as the contents of reducing sugars and total proteins, were determined in the basal parts of soft wood cuttings of black locust after treatment with sodium naphthenate or the sodium salt of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), concentration 10-7 mol dm-3 for 3 or 6 h. High activities of IAA oxidase and amylase, together with a low activity of peroxidase (which is known as being stimulatory for the initiation and activation of primordia) were obtained after the three-hour treatment with sodium naphthenate. Six-hour treatment had an inhibitory effect on the examined biochemical markers. The effects of three- and six-hour treatments with NAA were between those of the corresponding treatment with naphthenic acids. .

Soil Microbial and Enzyme Properties as Affected by Long-Term Exposure to Phthalate Esters

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 3653-3656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Lun Chen ◽  
Jun Yao ◽  
Fei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Phthalate Esters ◽  
Soil Microbial Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Dioctyl Phthalate ◽  
Dimethyl Phthalate ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Long Term Impact

In this study, an isothermal microcalorimetry was used to demonstrate the long-term impact of dimethyl phthalate (DMP), dipropyl phthalate (DBP), dioctyl phthalate (DOP) and dicyclohexyl phthalate (DEHP) on the soil microbial activity. Generally, the toxicity order of four phthalate esters (PAEs) is DBP>DMP>DOP>DEHP. The PAEs show inhibitory effect when the soil was exposed to PAEs for 10 days and the PAEs will have a small stimulate effect after 30 days, and then the PAEs inhibit the soil microorganisms again. The effect of PAEs on soil microbial activity is almost the same as those on urease activity.

scholarly journals Warming, shading and a moth outbreak reduce tundra carbon sink strength dramatically by changing plant cover and soil microbial activity

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathilde Borg Dahl ◽  
Anders Priemé ◽  
Asker Brejnrod ◽  
Peter Brusvang ◽  
Magnus Lund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Soil Microbial Activity ◽  
Sink Strength ◽  
Soil Microbial

scholarly journals The effect of microbial inocula on the growth of black locust, Siberian elm and silver maple seedlings

2014 ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Timea Hajnal-Jafari ◽  
Mirjana Jarak ◽  
Simonida Djuric ◽  
Dragana Stamenov ◽  
Sasa Orlovic
Keyword(s):  
Black Locust ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Soil Microbial Activity ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Forest Plants ◽  
Microbial Inocula

Growth and development of forest plants depend mostly on the soil microbial activity since no mineral or organic fertilizers are applied. Microbial processes can be activated and conditions for plants development improved with the introduction of selected microorganisms in the soil. With the aim of obtaining quality planting material in a shorter period of time, the effects of Azotobacter chroococcum and Streptomyces sp. on the early growth of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia), Siberian elm (Ulmus pumila) and silver-leaf maple (Acer dasycarpum) were investigated in this study. Microorganisms were applied individually and in a mixture (1:1). Plant height was measured on the 90th, 120th and 180th day after planting. Plant diameter, as well as the number of actinomycetes and azotobacters was measured at the end of the vegetation period (180 days after planting). Applied microorganisms had a positive effect on the seedling height in all three plant species, with the best effect found in the black locust. Effectiveness of applied microorganisms on seedling diameter was the highest in the silver-leaf maple. The largest number of azotobacters was found in the rhizosphere of black locust. Number of microorganisms from both groups was increased in the inoculated variants.

Climate-smart agriculture: microbiological impacts of plant diversity to soil carbon (C) sequestration.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashmi Shrestha ◽  
Karoliina Huusko ◽  
Anna-Reetta Salonen ◽  
Jussi Heinonsalo
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
C Sequestration ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Diversity Effect

<p>Soil organic matter (SOM) is any material produced by living organisms at various stages of decomposition. SOM enhances soil fertility and quality and influences soil’s ability to fight against soil-borne diseases. Atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> sequestration into SOM through improved agricultural management practices has been suggested to be a cost effective way to mitigate climate change.</p><p>The build-up of SOM is largely regulated by soil microbial activity. Soil microbes use most plant-derived C and either produce CO<sub>2</sub> or incorporate C into their biomass and after death microbial necromass may contribute to stable SOM. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are one of the root colonizing soil microbes important in nutrient cycling, plant nutrition, growth and composition and maybe soil aggregation. The benefits of microbes including AM fungi should be thus utilized for climate friendly agriculture by magnifying their benefits via better agricultural management.</p><p>Cover crops use is one of the climate friendly agricultural practices. Cover crops if managed right, can provide several benefits e.g. enhanced soil C sequestration, reduced emissions from fertilizer production, weed suppression, better soil moisture retention and microbial activity. Moreover, use of diverse cover crops may favor higher soil biodiversity leading to high SOM content. In this project, plant diversity impacts on soil and root fungal community composition and microbial activity related to soil C sequestration were studied in a field experiment. In addition, special attention was given to AM fungi.</p><p>The field experiment was started in May, 2019 in Viikki Research farm, University of Helsinki. The experiment consists of seven treatments comparing four different levels of biodiversity to conventional monoculture treatments and bare fallow. Eight different species of cover crops representing four functional traits were sown under barley: 1) nitrogen (N<sub>2</sub>)-fixing + shallow rooting , 2) deep rooting, 3) N<sub>2</sub>-fixing +deep rooting and 4) no N<sub>2</sub>-fixing and shallow rooting. Barley and cover crop root samples and soil samples were collected from two growing seasons 2019 and 2020. Root samples were analyzed for AM fungal colonization %. Soil samples were analyzed for soil microbial biomass and microbial respiration in different seasons. Preliminary results showed no significant cover crop diversity effect on AM fungal colonization % in barley root in 2019. Soil microbial biomass and soil microbial respiration showed seasonal variations but not significant cover crop diversity effect. Therefore, fungal communities in soil and root will be examined using Illumina (MiSeq) sequencing targeting the fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. Soil enzyme activities and carbon use efficiency will be performed to gain insight into microbial activity. Obtained results will show if microbial community and activity is affected by either plant family composition or plant diversity.</p>

Soil texture mediated microbial activity affects the transfer of litter-derived carbon to soil organic matter

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerrit Angst ◽  
Jan Pokorný ◽  
Travis Meador ◽  
Tomáš Hajek ◽  
Jan Frouz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Litter Decomposition ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
C Sequestration ◽  
Soil Microbial Activity ◽  
Soil C ◽  
Soil Organic Matter Formation

<p>Knowledge about the nexus between litter decomposition and soil organic matter formation is still scarce, likely because litter decomposition studies are often conducted in the absence of mineral soil. Even if mineral soil is considered, variations in soil texture, which should substantially influence decomposition and soil C sequestration via, e.g., different capacities to store C or host microbial communities, have been neglected. Here, we examined the effect of soil texture on litter decomposition and soil organic matter formation by incubating sand- and clay-rich soils. These soils, taken under C3 vegetation, were amended with C4 litter to trace the fate of organic matter newly entering the soil. While we found only small amounts of litter-derived carbon (C) in the mineral soils after our six-month experiment, the microbial activity and amount of remaining litter between the sand- and clay-rich soils substantially differed. A high microbial activity combined with higher amounts of litter-derived C and a higher remaining litter mass in the clay-rich soil indicate a more effective transformation of litter to soil organic matter as compared to the sand-rich soil. In the sand-rich soil, microbial activity was lower, less soil C was litter-derived, and the litter lost more of its mass. We explain the apparently contradictory results of higher microbial activity and concurrently higher C contents with a more effective microbial pathway of SOM formation in the clay-rich soil. Our results indicate that soil texture does not only play a role in the provision of reactive surfaces for the stabilization of C but will also affect the decomposition of litter via effects on microbial activity, ultimately determining if litter C is transferred to the soil or respired to the atmosphere.</p>

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