scholarly journals Probability Analysis and Prevention of Offshore Oil and Gas Accidents: Fire as a Cause and a Consequence

Fire ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Dejan Brkić ◽  
Pavel Praks
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Confidence Limits ◽  
Loss Of Life ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Exact Confidence Intervals ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Legislative Changes ◽  
Offshore Oil ◽  
Insight Into

Failures during the drilling and exploitation of hydrocarbons that result in catastrophic offshore oil and gas accidents are relatively rare but if they occur the consequences can be catastrophic in terms of loss of life and environmental damage. Therefore, to gain insight into their prevention, the largest major offshore oil and gas accidents, those with more than 10 fatalities or with a large environmental impact, are analyzed in this article. Special attention is placed on fire as a cause and a consequence. Relevant technological and legislative changes and updates regarding safety that have followed such accidents and that can prevent potential future similar misfortunes are evaluated. Two main approaches to safety are compared: (1) the American prescriptive vs. (2) the European goal-oriented approach. The main causes of accidents are tested statistically in respect of failure probability, where the exact confidence limits for the estimated probabilities are computed. The results of the statistical test based on exact confidence intervals show that there is no significant difference between the analysed factors, which describe the main causes of offshore oil and gas accidents. Based on the small but carefully chosen group of 24 of the largest accidents, it can be concluded that there is no evidence of a difference between the categories of the main causes of accidents.

Management of Mid-Atlantic Offshore Development Risks

1977 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 331-350
Author(s):  
W. D. Snider ◽  
G. J. Buffleben ◽  
J. R. Harrald ◽  
K. F. Bishop ◽  
J. C. Card
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
System Safety ◽  
Oil And Gas Resources ◽  
Development Plans ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Development Risks ◽  
Offshore Development ◽  
Offshore Oil ◽  
Central Management

Careful attention must be given to identification, evaluation, and control of risks associated with development of mid-Atlantic offshore oil and gas if environmental damage and development delays are to be avoided. A number of approaches to safety, or risk management, are possible, but all seek to answer the central management, are possible, but all seek to answer the central management question, "Am I safe enough?" System safety methods are now available which can assist us in making intelligent decisions on safety measures to be incorporated in offshore development plans. Development of offshore oil and gas resources has brought new risks to exploratory and development drilling, production, and transportation operations. Concern over these risks has prompted a number of studies. After a brief review of these studies, the authors describe investigations in two areas: oil discharges in the Gulf of Mexico and worldwide accidents involving mobile offshore drilling units. A number of measures to reduce risks are being considered or have already been taken by government and industry. Greater application of system safety procedures offers new potential for reducing the risks in offshore development.

Omics-based approaches and their use in the assessment of microbial-influenced corrosion of metals

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Beale ◽  
Avinash V. Karpe ◽  
Snehal Jadhav ◽  
Tim H. Muster ◽  
Enzo A. Palombo
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Secondary Effects ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
Piped Water ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Offshore Oil ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractMicrobial-influenced corrosion (MIC) has been known to have economic, environmental, and social implications to offshore oil and gas pipelines, concrete structures, and piped water assets. While corrosion itself is a relatively simple process, the localised manner of corrosion makes in situ assessments difficult. Furthermore, corrosion assessments tend to be measured as part of a forensic investigation. Compounding the issue further is the impact of microbiological/biofilm processes, where corrosion is influenced by the complex processes of different microorganisms performing different electrochemical reactions and secreting proteins and metabolites that can have secondary effects. While traditional microbiological culture-dependent techniques and electrochemical/physical assessments provide some insight into corrosion activity, the identity and role of microbial communities that are related to corrosion and corrosion inhibition in different materials and in different environments are scarce. One avenue to explore MIC and MIC inhibition is through the application of omics-based techniques, where insight into the bacterial population in terms of diversification and their metabolism can be further understood. As such, this paper discusses the recent progresses made in a number of fields that have used omics-based applications to improve the fundamental understanding of biofilms and MIC processes.

scholarly journals The main directions of sustainable socio-economic development of the Caspian littoral areas of the Republic of Azerbaijan and the existing environmental problems

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 652-665
Author(s):  
Zaur T. Imrani ◽  
Shakar İ. Mammadova ◽  
Nasiba N. Hadjiyeva ◽  
Oleksandr Y. Vysotskyi
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Development Level ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Offshore Oil

In Azerbaijan, since the earliest times, the Caspian Sea has contributed to the Received in revised form: 07.10.2021 settlement of population and structure of the economy. The favourable natural geographical conditions of the coasts, exploitation of offshore oil and gas fields and rich tourist-recreational potential favoured the economy of Azerbaijan significantly. However, sea-level fluctuations and environmental damage observed due to exploitation of natural resources served as curbing factor in the development. In modern times, planning of residential areas in the coastal areas, improvement of industrial, agricultural and tourism infrastructure, and successful management of the ecological situation are achievable through effective use of the natural resources and human potential of the Caspian Sea. The coastal region of the Caspian Sea, composed of three zones, is favourable for the development of Azerbaijan’s economy. Theattractiveness of coastal areas is related mainly to preferences of natural conditions and resources and the advantages of their transport- geographical location. As a result, the development level of the economy of the Pre-Caspian region is higher compared to other regions of the country. The region accounts for 88.7 % of the total industrial output in the country. The main part of it, i. e. 95.7 % is shared by the city of Baku. The cause of significant difference in development level between the regions and the capital Baku is associated with the use of oil and gas resources of the Caspian. Thus, offshore oil and gas reserves in the Caspian have played a notable role in the development of coastal areas, and of the country’s whole economy. This has led to inequality in terms of regional development. This factor prompted the need to study the role of the use of resources of the Caspian Sea in the sustainable development of Azerbaijan’s economy. In order to achieve the goal, a comparative analysis of the leading economic branches in the Pre-Caspian regions was carried out from a historical point of view. The obtained information was systematized, and the socio-economic aspects of sustainable development were identified based on statistical-mathematical materials. Aerospace data were used as well.

Drilling and Service Contracts in Offshore Oil and Gas Operations

1973 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 480
Author(s):  
J. M. Killey
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Offshore Drilling ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Drilling Rig ◽  
Service Contracts ◽  
Oil And Gas Operations ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Offshore Oil ◽  
Offshore Operations

As onshore oil and gas deposits are becoming more difficult to locate, and as the world demands for energy continue to increase at an alarming rate, oil companies are channeling much of their exploration activities towards offshore operations, and in particular, towards operations centered off Canada's coast lines. Because of the environment, offshore drilling presents problems which are novel to the onshore-geared oil industry. J. M. Killey discusses in detail many of the considerations involved in drafting the offshore drilling contract, concentrating on problems such as the liability of the various parties; costs; scheduling; pollution; conflict of laws; etc. Similarly, he discusses service contracts (such as supply boat charters; towing services; helicopter services; etc.^ which are necessity to the operation of an offshore drilling rig. To complement his paper, the author has included number of appendices which list the various considerations lawyer must keep in mind when drafting contracts for offshore operations.

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