scholarly journals Geographic-Scale Harvest Program to Promote Invasivorism of Bigheaded Carps

Fishes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Wesley W. Bouska ◽  
David C. Glover ◽  
Jesse T. Trushenski ◽  
Silvia Secchi ◽  
James E. Garvey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mississippi River ◽  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Illinois River ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Geographic Scale ◽  
Invasion Fronts ◽  
Geographical Scale ◽  
Potential Population ◽  
One Year

Invasive bigheaded carps, genus Hypophthalmichthys, are spreading throughout the Mississippi River basin. To explore the efficacy of a consumer-based market (i.e., invasivorism) to manage them, we developed a conceptual model and evaluated three harvest approaches—direct contracted removal, volume-based incentives (“fisher-side” control), and set-quota harvest (“market-side” control). We quantified the efficacy of these approaches and potential population impact in the Illinois River. Contracted removal was effective for suppressing small populations at the edge of the range but cannot support a market. “Fisher-side” removals totaled 225,372 kg in one year. However, participation was low, perhaps due to reporting requirements for fishers. The “market-side”, set-quota approach removed >1.3 million kg of bigheaded carp in less than 6 months. Larger, older fish were disproportionately harvested, which may hinder the ability to suppress population growth. Total density declined in one river reach, and harvest may reduce upstream movement toward the invasion fronts. With sufficient market demand, harvest may control bigheaded carp. However, lack of processing infrastructure and supply chain bottlenecks could constrain harvest, particularly at low commodity prices. Given the geographical scale of this invasion and complicated harvest logistics, concerns about economic dependence on invasivorism that encourage stock enhancement are likely unmerited.

scholarly journals Hydrology controls recruitment of two invasive cyprinids: bigheaded carp reproduction in a navigable large river

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel K. Gibson-Reinemer ◽  
Levi E. Solomon ◽  
Richard M. Pendleton ◽  
John H. Chick ◽  
Andrew F. Casper
Keyword(s):  
Mississippi River ◽  
Silver Carp ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Large River ◽  
Asian Carp ◽  
Bighead Carp ◽  
Illinois River ◽  
Hypophthalmichthys Molitrix ◽  
The Past ◽  
Causative Factors

In the Mississippi River Basin of North America, invasive bigheaded carp (silver carpHypophthalmichthys molitrixand bighead carpH. nobilis, also referred to as Asian carp) have spread rapidly over the past several decades. In the Illinois River, an important tributary of the Upper Mississippi River, reproduction appears to be sporadic and frequently unsuccessful, yet bigheaded carp densities in this river are among the highest recorded on the continent. Understanding the causative factors behind erratic recruitment in this commercially-harvested invasive species is important for both limiting their spread and managing their harvest. We analyzed weekly catch records from 15 years of a standardized monitoring program to document the emergence of age-0 bigheaded carp in relation to environmental conditions. The appearance of age-0 fish was generally linked to hydrographic attributes, which probably serve as a cue for spawning. However, we found profound differences in the number of age-0 fish among years, which varied by as much as five orders of magnitude in successive years. The strong link between summer flooding and age-0 fish production we observed emphasizes the importance of understanding the hydrologic context in which sustained invasions occur. Despite evidence of sporadic recruitment, bigheaded carp populations in the Illinois River appear to be consistent or increasing because of particularly strong, episodic year classes.

Patterns of variation in parasite component communities and infracommunities of a littoral fish species from the northern coast of Chile

2012 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vania Henríquez ◽  
M. Teresa González
Keyword(s):  
Fish Population ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Component Community ◽  
Geographic Scale ◽  
Parasite Communities ◽  
Individual Host ◽  
Hierarchical Levels ◽  
Geographical Scale ◽  
Parasite Assemblages

AbstractThe structure and similarity of the parasite communities of fish can be evaluated at the component community (CC) and infracommunity (IC) levels. Both hierarchical levels have been used to assess parasite variations in fish at large (biogeographic) scales. However, studies evaluating the consistency between these two hierarchical levels at smaller geographical scales are scarce. In this study, the parasite assemblages of 124 Paralabrax humeralis collected by local fishermen by spear fishing at four sites (El Fierro, EF; P. Angamos, PA; Santa María, ISM; San Jorge, BSJ) in northern Chile were compared to assess the variability (or similarity) of their CCs and ICs at a limited geographical scale using multivariate analysis. At the IC level, discriminant analyses showed that P. humeralis parasite communities varied significantly among sites; 70% of ectoparasite ICs were correctly assigned to each site, but only 55% of helminth parasite ICs were correctly classified. At the CC level, the composition of parasite communities as assessed by correspondence analyses varied significantly between sites. Tagia sp., Neobenedenia sp. and Philometra sp. were associated with BSJ, ISM and PA, respectively; Corynosoma sp. and most digeneans were associated with both ISM and EF. Analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) showed significant variations in the degree of similarity between P. humeralis CCs from different sites, but not between ICs. Variations between CCs from different sites reflect fish population processes (e.g., population age, reproductive segregation) and the particular conditions of their respective habitats, whereas ICs reflect individual host movements. This study demonstrated that, when examined at a limited geographical scale, IC is better than CC at capturing the local pool of parasite assemblages when host populations are spatially segregated. Therefore, in this study, it is demonstrated that at a small geographic scale, CC variations are not reflected by IC, when host population is spatially segregated.

Utilization of the Northern Gulf Operational Forecast System to Predict Trajectories of Surface Oil from a Persistent Source Offshore of the Mississippi River Delta

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (1) ◽  
pp. 531-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy MacFadyen ◽  
Eugene Wei ◽  
Christopher Warren ◽  
Charlie Henry ◽  
Glen Watabayashi
Keyword(s):  
Mississippi River ◽  
Hydrodynamic Model ◽  
Unstructured Grid ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Grid Resolution ◽  
Mississippi River Delta ◽  
Forecast System ◽  
Structured Grid ◽  
Trajectory Models ◽  
One Year

ABSTRACT In this paper, we demonstrate the use of a new operational, unstructured-grid hydrodynamic model within the oil spill trajectory model GNOME (the General NOAA Operational Modeling Environment) to examine the transport of surface oil from a known source approximately 10 miles offshore of the Mississippi River Delta. At this location, a cluster of wells and/or contaminated sediments have been persistently leaking small amounts of oil since they were damaged in 2004. Slicks associated with this source are frequently detected in satellite imagery analysis, which indicates they are often oriented in the along isobath direction with typical dimensions of 0.5–2 km by 10–30 km varying with wind conditions. The Northern Gulf of Mexico Operation Forecast System (NGOFS) has recently been deployed by NOAA and includes this region. The underlying hydrodynamic model is an unstructured grid finite-volume model which allows variable grid resolution ranging from 10 km offshore to ~600 m near the coastline. Unstructured grid models are ideally suited for coastal areas as they allow flexible resolution to resolve complex bathymetry and coastlines. However, large model domains combined with high grid resolution can provide a challenge for operational trajectory models as sub-setting the model grid is not as straightforward as in the structured grid case. The utility of any hydrodynamic model for emergency response depends not only on its accuracy, but on the trajectory modeler's ability to access and use the information in a timely manner. As part of this study, we have developed tools to allow the NGOFS results (in addition to other unstructured grid models) to be readily available to GNOME users. Using output from the NGOFS in GNOME, a one year modeled simulation was run in which surface particles were released continuously from the location of the damaged wells. Predicted trajectories of modeled particles less than ~24-hours in age compare qualitatively well with the satellite observations.

scholarly journals Food Habits of Migratory Ducks in Illinois

1959 ◽  
Vol 27 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 289-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry G. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Mississippi River ◽  
Illinois River ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Lesser Scaup ◽  
Duck Species ◽  
Black Duck ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Ruddy Duck ◽  
Wood Duck

As a basis for an effective, long-time program of management for the waterfowl of the Mississippi Flyway, detailed information about the diet of ducks that migrate through Illinois was considered essential. In the autumns of 1938, 1939, and 1940, duck gizzards totaling 4,977 were collected from hunting clubs and individual hunters at 21 sites along the Illinois River between Ottawa and Florence and 11 sites along the Mississippi River between Rock Island and Quincy. The following 17 duck species were represented: mallard, pintail, green-winged teal, blue-winged teal, baldpate, gadwall, shoveler, black duck, wood duck, lesser scaup, ring-necked duck, redhead, canvasback, ruddy duck, greater scaup, common goldeneye, and oldsquaw. The analyses indicated that, during the fall, most species of ducks in Illinois are predominantly vegetarians, that most of them feed principally on native wild plants, and that the lesser scaup is the only species with a diet predominantly animal. Of the 95 wild plants and 4 cultivated plants found in the gizzards and identified to species, the following 19 were most important: corn, rice cutgrass, marsh smartweed, coontail, wild millet, longleaf pondweed, red-rooted nut-grass, waterhemp, nodding smartweed, buttonbush, large-seeded smartweed, nut-grass, chufa, Walter's millet, sago pondweed, duckpotato, river-bulrush, teal grass, and giant bur-reed. Snails and mussels provided the largest animal food volume and occurred in the largest number of gizzards. Insects were second in volume and occurrence. More than 200 of the gizzards examined contained lead shot pellets that had been ingested.

scholarly journals Why the Stall? Using metabolomics to define the lack of upstream movement of invasive bigheaded carp in the Illinois River

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. e0258150
Author(s):  
Jocelyn A. Curtis-Quick ◽  
Alexander V. Ulanov ◽  
Zhong Li ◽  
John F. Bieber ◽  
Emily K. Tucker-Retter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Great Lakes ◽  
Mississippi River ◽  
Metabolite Profiling ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Illinois River ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Protective Mechanisms ◽  
Pass Through

Bigheaded Carp have spread throughout the Mississippi River basin since the 1970s. Little has stopped the spread as carp have the ability to pass through locks and dams, and they are currently approaching the Great Lakes. However, the location of the leading edge in the Illinois River has stalled for over a decade, even though there is no barrier preventing further advancement towards the Great Lakes. Defining why carp are not moving towards the Great Lakes is important for predicting why they might advance in the future. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that anthropogenic contaminants in the Illinois River may be playing a role in preventing further upstream movement of Bigheaded Carp. Ninety three livers were collected from carp at several locations between May and October of 2018. Liver samples were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in a targeted metabolite profiling approach. Livers from carp at the leading edge had differences in energy use and metabolism, and suppression of protective mechanisms relative to downstream fish; differences were consistent across time. This body of work provides evidence that water quality is linked to carp movement in the Illinois River. As water quality in this region continues to improve, consideration of this impact on carp spread is essential to protect the Great Lakes.

Capturing Best Practices for Third Party Inspections of Pipeline Construction

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Montemurro ◽  
Kim McCaig ◽  
Richard Hoffmann ◽  
Reena Sahney
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Construction Process ◽  
Pipeline Construction ◽  
The North ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Main Challenge

The North American pipeline industry is facing a time of significant expansion over the next decade as a result of market demand and technology advancements that have fundamentally shifted supply and demand patterns in North America. While recent commodity prices have softened, the need for pipeline infrastructure may only be somewhat delayed, still allowing industry opportunity to improve practices in a number of areas. The INGAA Foundation and the Canadian Energy Pipeline Association (CEPA) Foundation have a number of initiatives underway in this respect; in particular, there is an emphasis on improving quality in all aspects of the pipeline construction process. One of the initiatives, described in this paper, relates to the compilation of a guide and body of knowledge for inspection practices and captures best practices as they relate to third party inspection during the construction process. The outlined approach is intended to have two main philosophical underpinnings: it must complement existing practices, training and certification, and it must remain user friendly and practical to use. The main challenge in capturing best practices in this area lies in striking an appropriate balance between specific guidance regarding third party inspection and overly prescriptive, specific company practices. This is further complicated due to the broad range of topics and information required that is not always consistently documented across member companies. In light of these realities, the approach for the Practical Guide for Pipeline Construction Inspection was to align material required to perform an inspection task tightly to the sequential construction process to allow an intuitive layout for new industry entrants. Once a working group, representing both US and Canadian Operators and Services providers was established, a detailed table of contents was developed and agreed to by the group. Using this simple framework, available Member Company information was then reviewed, assessed and captured in detail for inclusion in the guide. The information took a range of forms ranging from specifications, manuals to training documents and modules. Significant collaboration, through working sessions, with Subject Matter Experts (SMEs), used to review, revise and supplement the content, as required. Overall, this approach provided a technically sound guide, addressing gaps in codified industry knowledge, while remaining relevant and accessible for most users. Upon completion, this body of knowledge will be available for member companies to use immediately, and potentially, as a basis for training, individual study, and the further refinement of existing industry certification.

The Optimal Wheat Futures Hedge at the Euronext Paris from a Farmer’s Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-63
Author(s):  
Teresa Vollmer
Keyword(s):  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Futures Market ◽  
Futures Contracts ◽  
Risk Minimization ◽  
Price Shocks ◽  
Market Participants ◽  
Hedge Ratios ◽  
Optimal Dynamic ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Cost

Futures contracts are extensively used by commer-cial market participants to hedge commodities against the risk of adverse price fluctuations. But although farmers have faced increased volatility in commodity prices in recent years, only very few of them actively use hedging as a risk management instrument. In this article we analyze the hedging potential of the Euronext milling wheat futures market for German farmers based on the estimation of optimal static as well as optimal dynamic hedge ratios. We find that both hedging approximately one year and half a year before harvesting leads to a reduction in the variance of returns compared with unhedged portfolios. But this risk minimization is achieved at the cost of lower returns on average. In addition we find that margin calls might be one of the reasons why so few farmers hedge since they cause liquidity problems especially in marketing years with unanticipated price shocks.

C. ANALISIS STUDI KELAYAKAN USAHA DI RESTO “I AM QUEEN”

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Rika Susanti ◽  
Dwi Choirun Nisa ◽  
Sundari . ◽  
Hanik Aminatul Khurriyah ◽  
Erli Nurida Bahtiar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Financial Analysis ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Product Demand ◽  
Marketing Analysis ◽  
One Year ◽  
Management Functions ◽  
Descriptive Method

ABSTRAK Usaha “I AM QUEEN” merupakan usaha baru yang didirikan pada tahun 2017 dengan modal sendiri. Produk yang dihasilkan berupa ayam crispy, ayam geprek, serta menu tambahan lainnya seperti burger, pizza, spaghetty, chicken steak, dan frenchfries. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kelayakan investasi dalam pendirian usaha “I AM QUEEN” yang beralamat di Jalan Manukan Tama Blok 19/33-34 Kav. 198 A-B Surabaya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode deskriptif dengan menganalisis aspek pasar dan pemasaran, aspek teknis dan produksi, aspek organisasi dan manajemen, serta aspek finansial dengan perhitungan kelayakan investasi berupa Payback Period. Analisis pasar dan pemasaran menunjukan bahwa prospek usaha cukup baik, dilihat dari peningkatan jumlah permintaan produk. Analisis teknis dan produksi menunjukkan bahwa lokasi usaha “I AM QUEEN” dan peralatan usaha terjaga dengan baik dan dalam kondisi bersih untuk melakukan kegiatan produksi, serta dapat memenuhi kapasitas produksi untuk permintaan pasar. Analisis organisasi dan manajemen menunjukkan pemilik usaha yang telah menjalankan fungsi manajemen dengan baik dan sebagaimana mestinya. Analisis finansial dengan menggunakan modal sendiri didapatkan hasil Payback Period  yaitu satu tahun dua bulan.   Kata Kunci : Aspek – Aspek Studi Kelayakan Bisnis, Bisnis, Studi Kelayakan Bisnis,   ABSTRACT   ‘I AM QUEEN’ Resto is a new bussiness established by self funding in 2017. The products are crispy chicken, geprek chicken, and other additional menus such as burger, pizza, spaghetty, chicken steak, and frenchfries. This research aims to determine the feasibility of  investment in the establishment of a “I AM QUEEN” bussiness where located at Manukan Tama Street, Block 19/33-34 Kav. 198 A-B Surabaya.The research method used is descriptive method by analyzing market and marketing aspect, technical and production aspects, organizational and management aspects, and financial aspects with the calculation of the feasibility of investment Payback Period. Market and marketing analysis indicates that the bussiness prospect is good enough, it is seen from the increasing number of product demand. Technical and production analysis showed that the location of “I AM QUEEN” and bussiness equipment is well maintained and in a clean condition to carry out production activities, and also can fulfill the production capacity for market demand. Organizational and management analysis shows that bussiness owner has been running the management functions well. And the result of financial analysis showed that Payback Period of that bussiness is one year two months.   Keyword: Aspects of Feasibility Study, Bussiness, Feasibility Study

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