Optimization of Vacuum Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Pomegranate Fruits Peels by the Evaluation of Extracts’ Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity

The global interest in the use of plant by-product extracts as functional ingredients is continuously rising due to environmental, financial and health benefits. The latest advances in extraction technology have led to the production of aqueous extracts with high bioactive properties, which do not require the use of organic solvents. The purpose of this study was to optimize the conditions applied for the extraction of pomegranate peels (PP) via a “green” industrial type of vacuum microwave-assisted aqueous extraction (VMAAE), by assessing the potential bioactivity of the extracts (in terms of phenolic content and antioxidant activity), using a response surface methodology. The extraction conditions of temperature, microwave power, time and water/PP ratio were determined by the response surface methodology, in order to yield extracts with optimal total phenolics concentrations (TPC) and high antioxidant activity, based on the IC50 value of the scavenging of the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH●) radical. The values of the optimum extraction parameters, such as extraction temperature (61.48 and 79.158 °C), time (10 and 12.17 min), microwave power (3797.24 and 3576.47 W) and ratio of water to raw material (39.92% and 38.2%), were estimated statistically for the two responses (TPC and IC50 values), respectively. Under these optimal extraction conditions, PP extracts with high TPC ((5.542 mg Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE)/g fresh PP))/min and radical scavenging activity (100 mg/L (1.6 L/min)) could be obtained. Our results highlighted that the optimized industrial type of VMAAE could be a promising solution for the valorization of the PP by-products.

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Analysis of Antioxidant Activity and Total Phenolic Content in Garcinia mangostana Using Response Surface Methodology

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1113.217 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1113 ◽

pp. 217-222

Author(s):

Ummi Kalthum Ibrahim ◽

Amira Sofea Mahamad Husin ◽

Ruzitah Mohd Salleh

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Response Surface ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Extraction Time ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Extraction Temperature ◽

Garcinia Mangostana ◽

Different Parts

This study investigates the antioxidant activity and total phenolic content on different parts of Garcinia mangostana which are pericarp, leaf, fruit, and seed. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay was used to determine the antioxidant activity and the total phenolic content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method. Response surface method (RSM) was used to determine the effect of the two extraction variables: extraction time (30-120 minutes) and extraction temperature (30-50°C) on yield of total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of different parts of Garcinia mangostana. The significant factors on each experimental design response were identified from the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The best condition for total phenolic content of different parts of Garcinia mangostana was chosen based on the desirability obtained by using extraction temperature of 30°C and extraction time of 60.09 minutes, which resulted in 0.0274 mg GAE/g of total phenolic content in pericarp, 0.2501 mg GAE/g of total phenolic content in leaf, 0.0202 mg GAE/g of total phenolic content in fruit, and 0.0198 mg GAE/g of total phenolic content in seed of Garcinia mangostana. Under this conditions, it was found that the antioxidant activity of pericarp, leaf, fruit, and seed of Garcinia mangostana were 89.45%, 86.58%, 93.33%, and 78.80% of radical scavenging activity, respectively.

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Simultaneous Optimization of Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) Seeds Using Response Surface Methodology

Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2020/7541927 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Alexander Weremfo ◽

Felix Adulley ◽

Martin Adarkwah-Yiadom

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Phenolic Compounds ◽

Response Surface ◽

Microwave Power ◽

Ethanol Concentration ◽

Extraction Time ◽

Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽

Microwave Assisted ◽

Assisted Extraction

This study was designed to optimize three microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) parameters (ethanol concentration, microwave power, and extraction time) of total phenolics, total flavonoids, and antioxidant activity of avocado seeds using response surface methodology (RSM). The predicted quadratic models were highly significant (p<0.001) for the responses studied. The extraction of total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activity was significantly (p<0.05) influenced by both microwave power and extraction time. The optimal conditions for simultaneous extraction of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity were ethanol concentration of 58.3% (v/v), microwave power of 400 W, and extraction time of 4.8 min. Under these conditions, the experimental results agreed with the predicted values. MAE revealed clear advantages over the conventional solvent extraction (CSE) in terms of high extraction efficiency and antioxidant activity within the shortest extraction time. Furthermore, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of optimized extract revealed the presence of 10 phenolic compounds, with rutin, catechin, and syringic acid being the dominant compounds. Consequently, this optimized MAE method has demonstrated a potential application for efficient extraction of polyphenolic antioxidants from avocado seeds in the nutraceutical industries.

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Process Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Arabinogalactan from Dihydroquercetin Extracted Residues by Response Surface Methodology and Evaluation of Its Antioxidant Activity

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2013/346810 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Zaizhi Liu ◽

Chunhui Ma ◽

Lei Yang ◽

Yuangang Zu

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Response Surface ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Extraction Temperature ◽

Solid Ratio ◽

Before And After ◽

Ultrasonic Assisted ◽

Optimal Extraction Condition

Ultrasound was used for the extraction of larch arabinogalactan fromLarix gmelinii. The optimal conditions for ultrasound extraction were determined by response surface methodology. Specifically, the Box-Behnken design was employed to evaluate the effects of three independent variables: ultrasound time, temperature, and liquid-solid ratio. The highest arabinogalactan yield (11.18%) was obtained under the optimal extraction condition (extraction temperature 41.5°C, extraction time 24.3 min, and liquid-solid ratio 40 mL/g). In addition, the antioxidant activity of arabinogalactan that was extracted from dihydroquercetin extraction residues exhibited a moderate and concentration-dependent hydroxyl radical-scavenging capacity, ferric-reducing power, and reducing power. The wood material was characterized before and after processing by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.

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EXTRACTION OPTIMIZATION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS FROM AVOCADO PEEL

Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy ◽

10.34071/mp.2019.3.7 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 49-59

Author(s):

Nu Linh Giang Ton ◽

Thi Hoai Nguyen ◽

Quoc Hung Vo

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Response Surface ◽

Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Quadratic Model ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Total Antioxidant

Avocado peel has been considered as a potential source of natural antioxidants in which phenolics are among the most important compounds. Therefore, this study aims to optimize the extraction process of phenolics using response surface methodology and evaluate the corresponding antioxidant activity. From the quadratic model, the optimal condition was determined including the ethanol concentration 54.55% (v/v), the solvent/solute ratio 71.82/1 (mL/g), temperature 53.03 oC and extraction time 99.09 min. The total phenolic content and the total antioxidant capacity at this condition with minor modifications were 26,74 ± 0,04 (mg GAE/g DW) and 188.06 ± 1.41 (mg AAE/g DW), respectively. The significant correlation between total phenolic content and total antioxidant capacity was also confirmed. Key words: response surface methodology, central composite rotatable design, total phenolic content, total antioxidant capacity, avocado peel

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Effects of Ultrasonic-Microwave-Assisted Technology on Hordein Extraction from Barley and Optimization of Process Parameters Using Response Surface Methodology

Journal of Food Quality ◽

10.1155/2018/9280241 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Xiao Guan ◽

Lv Li ◽

Jing Liu ◽

Sen Li

Keyword(s):

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Response Surface ◽

Microwave Power ◽

Process Intensification ◽

Extraction Yield ◽

Extraction Time ◽

Quadratic Model ◽

Ultrasonic Power ◽

Microwave Assisted ◽

The Difference

We investigated the process intensification of ultrasonic-microwave-assisted technology for hordein extraction from barley. Response surface methodology was utilized to optimize the extraction conditions and to analyze the interaction between four selected variables: temperature, microwave power, ultrasonic power, and extraction time. The validated extraction yield of hordein reached 8.84% at 78°C, microwave power 298 W, and ultrasonic power 690 W after 20 min as optimum conditions. Compared with traditional water-bath extraction (4.7%), the ultrasonic-microwave-assisted technology effectively increased the hordein extraction yield and shortened the extraction time. According to the obtained quadratic model (R2 = 0.9457), ultrasonic power and extraction time were the first two significant factors. However, temperature limited the effects of other factors during extraction. SDS-PAGE and scanning electron microscopy were used to identify the hordein extract and to clarify the difference between the two hordein fractions extracted with new and traditional methods, respectively. Ultrasonic-microwave-assisted technology provided a new way to improve hordein extraction yield from barley and could be a good candidate for industrial application of process intensification.

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Development of Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl Fruits Using Response Surface Methodology On Phenolic, Flavonoid and Antioxidants Properties

10.20944/preprints201801.0022.v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Khurul Ain Mohamed Mahzir ◽

Siti Salwa Abdul Gani ◽

Nor Fadzillah Mokhtar

Keyword(s):

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Response Surface ◽

Radical Scavenging Activity ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Extraction Time ◽

Feed Ratio ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Extraction Temperature ◽

Phaleria Macrocarpa

In this study, the optimal condition for the extraction of antioxidants from the fruit Buah Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) was determined by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The optimization was applied using central composite design (CCD) to investigate the three independent variables, namely extraction temperature (oC), extraction time (minutes) and extraction solvent to-feed ratio (%v/v) on the responses of free radical scavenging activity (DPPH), ferric ion reducing power assay (FRAP), total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC).The optimal conditions for the antioxidants extraction were found to be extraction temperature (64oC), extraction time (66 minutes) and solvent to-feed ratio (75 %v/v) with the highest percentage yield of DPPH, FRAP, TPC and TFC were 86.85%, 7.47%, 292.86 mg/g and 3.22 mg/g respectively. Moreover, the data were subjected to response surface methodology (RSM) and the results showed that the polynomial equations for all models were significant, did not show lack of fit, and presented adjusted determination coefficients (R2) above 99%, proving the yield of phenolic, flavonoid and antioxidants activities obtained experimentally were close to the predicted values and the suitability of the model employed in RSM to optimize the extraction conditions. Hence, in this study, the fruit from P.macrocarpa could be considered to have the strong antioxidant ability and can be used in various cosmeceutical or medicinal applications.

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Optimization of Microwave-Assisted extraction to obtain optimum antioxidant activity and anthocyanin concentration from Myrmecodia pendens tubers using response surface methodology

Pharmacognosy Research ◽

10.4103/pr.pr_114_17 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 253

Author(s):

Abdul Mun'im ◽

NurulFajry Maulida ◽

Bernita Yanuaritamala ◽

Arry Yanuar ◽

FadlinaChany Saputri

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Response Surface ◽

Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽

Microwave Assisted ◽

Assisted Extraction ◽

Anthocyanin Concentration

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Optimisation of microwave-assisted extraction of flavonoids and phenolics from celery (Apium graveolens L.) leaves by response surface methodology

Czech Journal of Food Sciences ◽

10.17221/266/2015-cjfs ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 34 (No. 4) ◽

pp. 341-349 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Q. He ◽

Y. Li ◽

P. Zhang ◽

A. Zhang ◽

H. Wu

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Response Surface ◽

Ethanol Concentration ◽

Apium Graveolens ◽

Solvent Ratio ◽

Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽

Inhibition Rate ◽

Microwave Assisted ◽

Assisted Extraction

The conditions for microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) of total flavonoids (TF) and total phenols (TP), and antioxidant activity from celery (Apium graveolens L.) leaves by response surface methodology (RSM) were optimised. The 3-level, 3-factorial Box-Behnken design (BBD) was employed to study three main extraction conditions: microwave power (300–500 W), solid-solvent ratio (15–30 ml/g), and ethanol concentration (50–80%). It was found that microwave power of 500 W at 30 ml/g solid-solvent ratio with 75.6% (v/v) ethanol concentration was the most optimum conditions for the extraction of TF and TP from celery leaves with the consequent high antioxidant activity measured by the DPPH inhibition rate. Using the optimum extraction conditions, the extraction yields of TF and TP were 0.62 g RUE/100 g DW, 3.01 g GAE/100 g DW, respectively, and the DPPH inhibition rate was 88%. The results indicated that the nutritional quality of celery (Apium graveolens L.) leaves could be improved significantly by optimising the extraction process of MAE using response surface methodology.

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