scholarly journals Dependence Models of Borehole Expansion on Explosive Charge in Spherical Cavity Blasting

Geosciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Težak ◽  
Stanković ◽  
Kovač
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Akaike Information Criterion ◽  
Explosive Charge ◽  
Spherical Cavity ◽  
Volume Expansion ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Dependence Models ◽  
Properties Of Soil

In geotechnical practice, it is often necessary to improve the properties of soil and rock in which different structures are built. For this purpose, spherical cavity blasting can be applied to expand the borehole. Such expansion may incorporate various constructive elements such as anchors and thus stabilize the slope. The paper presents the method for determining the increased volume, expansion, and deepening of the borehole as a result of spherical cavity blasting. In addition, mathematical models describing the dependency of the borehole expansion on the amount of explosive charge are presented. The models are mutually compared with the Akaike information criterion.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF MATHEMATICAL MODELS FOR THE USE OF ENROFLOXACIN IN DOGS

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Vasilev ◽  
Galya Shivacheva
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equation ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Akaike Information Criterion ◽  
Order Differential Equation ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Differential Model ◽  
Single Intravenous Injection ◽  
Future Developments

This article analyzes the process of changing the concentration of enrofloxacin in blood plasma in dogs after a single intravenous injection of the substance. Three mathematical models are proposed - algebraic and two models, based on a differential equation of first and second order. Identification of their parameters has been performed. Based on Akaike information criterion corrected as the best model was chosen the represented by a second-order differential equation. Three equations are identified and the exact numerical values of their parameters are obtained. For the evaluation and comparison of the three models, Akaike information criterion was used. The best results showed the second-order differential model. It will be used in future developments.

scholarly journals Model Selection Procedures in Bounds Test of Cointegration: Theoretical Comparison and Empirical Evidence

Economies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waqar Badshah ◽  
Mehmet Bulut
Keyword(s):  
Model Selection ◽  
Akaike Information Criterion ◽  
Bayesian Information Criterion ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Information Criteria ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Sample Sizes ◽  
Bounds Test

Only unstructured single-path model selection techniques, i.e., Information Criteria, are used by Bounds test of cointegration for model selection. The aim of this paper was twofold; one was to evaluate the performance of these five routinely used information criteria {Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Akaike Information Criterion Corrected (AICC), Schwarz/Bayesian Information Criterion (SIC/BIC), Schwarz/Bayesian Information Criterion Corrected (SICC/BICC), and Hannan and Quinn Information Criterion (HQC)} and three structured approaches (Forward Selection, Backward Elimination, and Stepwise) by assessing their size and power properties at different sample sizes based on Monte Carlo simulations, and second was the assessment of the same based on real economic data. The second aim was achieved by the evaluation of the long-run relationship between three pairs of macroeconomic variables, i.e., Energy Consumption and GDP, Oil Price and GDP, and Broad Money and GDP for BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) countries using Bounds cointegration test. It was found that information criteria and structured procedures have the same powers for a sample size of 50 or greater. However, BICC and Stepwise are better at small sample sizes. In the light of simulation and real data results, a modified Bounds test with Stepwise model selection procedure may be used as it is strongly theoretically supported and avoids noise in the model selection process.

scholarly journals Complexity versus simplicity: an example of groundwater model ranking with the Akaike Information Criterion

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 9687-9714 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Engelhardt ◽  
J. G. De Aguinaga ◽  
H. Mikat ◽  
C. Schüth ◽  
O. Lenz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Akaike Information Criterion ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Groundwater Model ◽  
Piezometric Head ◽  
Simulated Groundwater ◽  
Pumping Rates ◽  
Uncalibrated Model ◽  
Piezometric Heads

Abstract. A groundwater model characterized by a lack of field data to estimate hydraulic model parameters and boundary conditions combined with many piezometric head observations was investigated concerning model uncertainty. Different conceptual models with a stepwise increase from 0 to 30 adjustable parameters were calibrated using PEST. Residuals, sensitivities, the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), and the likelihood of each model were computed. As expected, residuals and standard errors decreased with an increasing amount of adjustable model parameters. However, the model with only 15 adjusted parameters was evaluated by AIC as the best option with a likelihood of 98%, while the uncalibrated model obtained the worst AIC value. Computing of the AIC yielded the most important information to assess the model likelihood. Comparing only residuals of different conceptual models was less valuable and would result in an overparameterization of the conceptual model approach. Sensitivities of piezometric heads were highest for the model with five adjustable parameters reflecting also changes of extracted groundwater volumes. With increasing amount of adjustable parameters piezometric heads became less sensitive for the model calibration and changes of pumping rates were no longer displayed by the sensitivity coefficients. Therefore, when too many model parameters were adjusted, these parameters lost their impact on the model results. Additionally, using only sedimentological data to derive hydraulic parameters resulted in a large bias between measured and simulated groundwater level.

scholarly journals Drying Kinetics of Noni Seeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wellytton Darci Quequeto ◽  
Osvaldo Resende ◽  
Patrícia Cardoso Silva ◽  
Fábio Adriano Santos e Silva ◽  
Lígia Campos de Moura Silva
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Activation Energy ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Effective Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Effective Diffusion ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Drying Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of

Noni seeds have been used for years as an important medicinal source, with wide use in the pharmaceutical and food industry. Drying is a fundamental process in the post-harvest stages, where it enables the safe storage of the product. Therefore, the present study aimed to fit different mathematical models to experimental data of drying kinetics of noni seeds, determine the effective diffusion coefficient and obtain the activation energy for the process during drying under different conditions of air temperature. The experiment used noni seeds with initial moisture content of 0.46 (decimal, d.b.) and dehydrated up to equilibrium moisture content. Drying was conducted under different controlled conditions of temperature, 40; 50; 60; 70 and 80 ºC and relative humidity, 24.4; 16.0; 9.9; 5.7 and 3.3%, respectively. Eleven mathematical models were fitted to the experimental data. The parameters to evaluate the fitting of the mathematical models were mean relative error (P), mean estimated error (SE), coefficient of determination (R2), Chi-square test (c2), Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) and Schwarz’s Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC). Considering the fitting criteria, the model Two Terms was selected to describe the drying kinetics of noni seeds. Effective diffusion coefficient ranged from 8.70 to 23.71 × 10-10 m2 s-1 and its relationship with drying temperature can be described by the Arrhenius equation. The activation energy for noni seeds drying was 24.20 kJ mol-1 for the studied temperature range.

scholarly journals Determination of the Order of a Markov Chain for Daily Rainfall Data of North East India: "Application AIC criterion"

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Surobhi Deka
Keyword(s):  
Markov Chain ◽  
Markov Chains ◽  
Akaike Information Criterion ◽  
Markov Chain Model ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Chain Model ◽  
Adequate Model ◽  
First Order ◽  
North East India ◽  
North East

The paper aims at demonstrating the application of the Akaike information criterion to determine the order of two state Markov chain for studying the pattern of occurrence of wet and dry days during the rainy season (April to September) in North-East India. For each station, each day is classified as dry day if the amount of rainfall is less than 3 mm and wet day if the amount of rainfall is greater than or equal to 3 mm. We apply Markov chain of order up to three to the sequences of wet and dry days observed at seven distantly located stations in North East region of India. The Markov chain model of appropriate order for analyzing wet and dry days is determined. This is done using the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) by checking the minimum of AIC estimate. Markov chain of order one is found to be superior to the majority of the stations in comparison to the other order Markov chains. More precisely, first order Markov chain model is an adequate model for the stations North Bank, Tocklai, Silcoorie, Mohanbari and Guwahati. Further, it is observed that second order and third order Markov chains are competing with first order in the stations Cherrapunji and Imphal, respectively. A fore-knowledge of rainfall pattern is of immense help not only to farmers, but also to the authorities concerned with planning of irrigation schemes. The outcomes are useful for taking decisions well in advance for transplanting of rice as well as for other input management and farm activities during different stages of the crop growing season.

scholarly journals Autoregressive Modeling and Forecasts of Degema Monthly Allocation: Buy’s-Ballot and Bartlett’s Transformation

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-75
Author(s):  
Herbert, AfeyaIbibo ◽  
Biu, Oyinebifun Emmanuel ◽  
Enegesele, Dennis ◽  
Wokoma, Dagogo Samuel Allen
Keyword(s):  
Autocorrelation Function ◽  
Akaike Information Criterion ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Transformation Method ◽  
Autoregressive Modeling ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Trend Pattern ◽  
Partial Autocorrelation Function

The paper focused on Autoregressive modeling and forecasts of Degema Local Government Council Monthly Allocation (DLGCMA) in River State, Nigeria. The Buys-Ballot table and Bartlett’s Transformation method were adopted to identify the trend pattern and to determine the best transformation for the series. The logarithmic transformation was adjudged to be the best and was applied to stabilize the variance. Identification of the trend and stationary for the data set was done and the DLGCMA series showed a linear trend that was non-stationary. The stationarity of the DLGCMA series was obtained after the first difference. The ARIMA models were fitted to the series base on the behaviour of autocorrelation function (ACF) and partial autocorrelation function (PACF). Finally, the model selection criteria called Akaike information criterion was used to determine the best model among the predicted models. The AR(3,1,0) model ( Xt = 0.56Xt-1 + 0.17Xt-2 + 0.64Xt-3 - 0.37Xt-4 + et) was considered to be the best model because it has the least value of the Akaike information criterion (AIC). Hence, the forecasts for the next allocation of twenty-four (24) months ahead were determined.

scholarly journals Identificación de un modelo lineal adecuado para evaluar características pre-destete en ganado criollo colombiano Blanco Orejinegro

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Luisa Fernanda Naranjo Guerrero ◽  
Alberiro López Herrera ◽  
Juan Carlos Rincon Florez ◽  
Luis Gabriel González Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Akaike Information Criterion ◽  
Bayesian Information Criterion ◽  
Information Criterion ◽  
Modelo Lineal

La Raza criolla Blanco Orejinegro (BON) tiene un proceso de adaptación de más de 500 años a las condiciones ambientales de Colombia. Se caracteriza por ser una raza doble propósito utilizada para la producción de leche y carne, convirtiéndola en un patrimonio biológico de gran importancia que debe ser estudiado. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar un modelo lineal adecuado para evaluar características pre-destete en ganado criollo Blanco Orejinegro. Se recolectó y depuró información de pesajes de cuatro hatos de ganado BON. Las características evaluadas fueron peso a los 4 meses (P4M), peso al destete (PD) y ganancia diaria de peso entre los 4 meses y el destete (GDP4M-D). Se evaluaron nueve modelos lineales en los que se incluyeron como efectos fijos los siguientes factores: sexo, hato, mes de pesaje o nacimiento, número de parto, época de pesaje o época de nacimiento (época seca o lluviosa), edad (covariable, efecto fijo y ajustada por regresión), año de pesaje o año de nacimiento y grupo contemporáneo (GC) compuesto por sexo y hato para GDP4M-D y sexo, hato y año de pesaje para P4M y PD, con mínimo cinco observaciones por GC. Para identificar el modelo lineal más adecuado para cada característica se utilizó el valor de AIC (Akaike information criterion), BIC (Bayesian information criterion), coeficiente de determinación (R2) y la suma de cuadrados del error (SCE). El modelo más adecuado para todas las características fue aquel que involucró el GC y edad como efecto fijo para P4M y edad como covariable para PD.

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