scholarly journals Assessing the Impact of Reference Evapotranspiration Models on Decision Support Systems for Irrigation

Horticulturae ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Olberz ◽  
Katrin Kahlen ◽  
Jana Zinkernagel
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Reference Evapotranspiration ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Crop Water ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
The Impact

Reference evapotranspiration (E T 0) is a major estimator for crop water requirements predicted by decision support systems for irrigation. However, the impact of different E T 0s on the predicted amount of water supply and counts of irrigation events has not been evaluated. Simulations of the Geisenheim Irrigation Scheduling (GS) for vegetable crops with two different E T 0s, P2-E T 0 and FAO56-E T 0, were evaluated to assess exemplarily the impact of E T 0s. The sensitivity of both E T 0s to local climate conditions was characterized through a random forest analysis, and a linear regression model was used to adjust the original GS by adapting K c-values to the exchange E T 0. For assessing the outcomes of GS irrigation decision, simulations of 173 individual cropping cycles including six vegetable crops over eight years were conducted. After adjusting P2-E T 0 K c-values to FAO56-E T 0 K c-values, there was no impact of the E T 0-model on the practical irrigation scheduling with GS. Finally, we discuss that any E T 0-model, if adjusted accordingly, might have little impact on similar irrigation systems and provide a method to exchange E T 0s.

scholarly journals The Changing Nature of Clinical Decision Support Systems: a Focus on Consumers, Genomics, Public Health and Decision Safety

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (01) ◽  
pp. 84-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Y. S. Lau ◽  
G. Tsafnat ◽  
V. Sintchenko ◽  
F. Magrabi ◽  
E. Coiera
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Clinical Decision Support ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Clinical Decision Support Systems ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Translational Bioinformatics ◽  
The Impact

Summary Objectives To review the recent research literature in clinical decision support systems (CDSS). Methods A review of recent literature was undertaken, focussing on CDSS evaluation, consumers and public health, the impact of translational bioinformatics on CDSS design, and CDSS safety. Results In recent years, researchers have concentrated much less on the development of decision technologies, and have focussed more on the impact of CDSS in the clinical world. Recent work highlights that traditional process measures of CDSS effectiveness, such as document relevance are poor proxy measures for decision outcomes. Measuring the dynamics of decision making, for example via decision velocity, may produce a more accurate picture of effectiveness. Another trend is the broadening of user base for CDSS beyond front line clinicians. Consumers are now a major focus for biomedical informatics, as are public health officials, tasked with detecting and managing disease outbreaks at a health system, rather than individual patient level. Bioinformatics is also changing the nature of CDSS. Apart from personalisation of therapy recommendations, translational bioinformatics is creating new challenges in the interpretation of the meaning of genetic data. Finally, there is much recent interest in the safety and effectiveness of computerised physicianorderentry (CPOE) systems, given that prescribing and administration errors are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Of note, there is still much controversy surrounding the contention that poorly designed, implemented or used CDSS may actually lead to harm. Conclusions CDSS research remains an active and evolving area of research, as CDSS penetrate more widely beyond their traditional domain into consumer decision support, and as decisions become more complex, for example by involving sequence level genetic data.

scholarly journals The optimization model of the logging machinery usage in forestry practice

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitka Janová ◽  
M. Lindnerová
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Decision Problems ◽  
Optimization Models ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
The Impact

The decision support systems commonly used in industry and economy managerial practice for optimizing the processes are based on algoritmization of the typical decision problems. In Czech forestry business, there is a lack of developed decision support systems, which could be easily used in daily practice. This stems from the fact, that the application of optimization methods is less successful in forestry decision making than in industry or economy due to inherent complexity of the forestry decision problems. There is worldwide ongoing research on optimization models applicable in forestry decision making, but the results are not globally applicable and moreover the cost of possibly arising software tools are indispensable. Especially small and medium forestry companies in Czech Republic can not afford such additional costs, although the results of optimization could positively in­fluen­ce not only the business itself but also the impact of forestry business on the environment. Hence there is a need for user friendly optimization models for forestry decision making in the area of Czech Republic, which could be easily solved in commonly available software, and whose results would be both, realistic and easily applicable in the daily decision making.The aim of this paper is to develop the optimization model for the machinery use planning in Czech logging firm in such a way, that the results can be obtained using MS EXCEL. The goal is to identify the integer number of particular machines which should be outsourced for the next period, when the total cost minimization is required. The linear programming model is designed covering the typical restrictions on available machinery and total volume of trees to be cut and transported. The model offers additional result in the form of optimal employment of particular machines. The solution procedure is described in detail and the results obtained are discussed with respect to its applicability in practical forestry decision making. The possibility of extension of suggested model by including additional requirements is mentioned and the example for the wood manipulation requirement is shown.

How Groupware Systems Can Change How an Organisation Makes Decisions

2011 ◽  
pp. 426-433
Author(s):  
Frédéric Adam ◽  
Jean-Charles Pomerol ◽  
Patrick Brézillon
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Study Protocol ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Impact

In this article, a newspaper company which has implemented a computerised editorial system is studied in an attempt to understand the impact that groupware systems can have on the decision making processes of an organisation. First, the case study protocol is presented, and the findings of the case are described in detail. Conclusions are then presented which pertain both to this case and to the implementation of decision support systems that have a groupware dimension.

The Decision Hedgehog

2011 ◽  
pp. 148-154
Author(s):  
Patrick Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Group Decision ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Group Decision Support ◽  
Group Decision Support Systems ◽  
Decision Systems ◽  
Perceived Need ◽  
The Impact

The discourses established as the foundations of group decision support systems (GDSS) have been called into question not only in the interests of advancing the academic GDSS field (Bannon, 1997), but also out of the perceived need to plug gaps that sophisticated GDSS systems throw up in practice (Huber, 1981; Humphreys & Brezillon, 2002; Humphreys & Jones, 2006; Stabell, 1987). The limitations of rational perspectives of “decision- making as choice” have been raised (Carlsson, 2002; Cyert & March, 1992; Nappelbaum, 1997). The challenges relate to failures of implementation, the rise of unintended outcomes, the impact of cultures of fear and failure within organisations (Humphreys & Nappelbaum, 1997), and problems associated with externalisation of decision systems designers who “play God” by designing from outside the game for those who are inside (Humphreys, 1989).

scholarly journals Effects of computerized decision support systems on nursing performance and patient outcomes: a systematic review

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 242-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Randell ◽  
Natasha Mitchell ◽  
Dawn Dowding ◽  
Nicky Cullum ◽  
Carl Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Complex Interventions ◽  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Computerized Decision Support ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Computerized Decision Support Systems

Objective: To examine the effect of computerized decision support systems (CDSSs) on nursing performance and patient outcomes. Method: Fifteen databases, including Medline and CINAHL, were searched up to May 2006 together with reference lists of included studies and relevant reviews. Randomized controlled trials, controlled clinical trials, controlled before and after studies and interrupted time series studies that assessed the effects of CDSS use by nurses in a clinical setting on measurable professional and/or patient outcomes were included. Results: Eight studies, three comparing nurses using CDSS with nurses not using CDSS and five comparing nurses using CDSS with other health professionals not using CDSS, were included. Risk of contamination was a concern in four studies. The effect of CDSS on nursing performance and patient outcomes was inconsistent. Conclusion: The introduction of CDSS may not necessarily lead to a positive outcome; further studies are needed in order to identify contexts in which CDSS use by nurses is most effective. CDSS are complex interventions and should be evaluated as such; future studies should explore the impact of the users and the protocol on which the CDSS is based, reporting details of both. Contamination is a significant issue when evaluating CDSS, so it is important that randomization is at the practitioner or the unit level. Future systematic reviews should focus on particular uses of CDSS.

scholarly journals Communication and Decision Support Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-407
Author(s):  
Luigi Palestini
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Just In Time ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Voice Data ◽  
The Impact

In emergencies, assessment and communication activities are particularly important for the support of the top decision-making bodies, to evaluate “just in time” the best actions to be taken. The multiple problems to be solved require specific skills in different areas. Upon the occurrence of a calamity, the authorities must answer questions such as “is a given place safe from the threat (e.g., an oncoming flood)?”, that’s why today knowledge of tools that can support decision-making is increasingly necessary: the so-called Decision Support Systems (DSS), software that allow users to improve situation assessment, helping all those who must make strategic decisions. Hand in hand with the growing interest in DSS there is an increasing use of communication systems based on IT. First responders know that to face an emergency everything must be prepared and planned, also communication. In fact, DSS and voice/data transmission systems are often integrated into a single system, as proposed by the European projects FIRE IN and IN PREP, because managing information is crucial for carrying out rescue activities in the best possible way. This work describes the impact of new technologies on rescue and emergency management in Italy and Europe, highlighting the challenges associated with their use.

The Impact of Expert Decision Support Systems on the Performance of New Employees

2002 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 64-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucila P. Cascante ◽  
Michel Plaisent ◽  
Lassana Maguiraga ◽  
Prosper Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
New Employees ◽  
The Impact

A DSS User is a Happy Negotiator

2016 ◽  
pp. 590-611
Author(s):  
Patrick Hippmann
Keyword(s):  
Decision Support ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Decision Support System ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Support System ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Research Framework ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Research And Design

The present work states that the analysis and design of decision support systems should consider their impacts on the emotional behaviors of negotiators. This paper provides a brief literature review with respect to this issue, and an outline of a research framework, which explains how to assess and analyze the dynamics of emotional behaviors in text-based negotiations. Subsequently, it provides some results, which show that a decision support system does not mitigate but intensifies emotional behaviors, toward the end of successful as well as failed text-based online negotiations. It is concluded that the research and design of decision support systems should focus more on the impact such systems have on the emotional behaviors of the supported negotiators.

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