Efficiency of Reductive Soil Disinfestation Affected by Soil Water Content and Organic Amendment Rate

Reductive Soil Disinfestation (RSD) is a good method which can restore degraded greenhouse soil and effectively inactivate soil-borne pathogens. However, the approach needs to be optimized in order to facilitate its practical application in various regions. In the present work, we investigated the effect of soil water content (60% water holding capacity (WHC), 100% WHC and continuous flooding) and maize straw application rates (0, 5, 10, and 20 g kg−1 soil) on the improvement of soil properties and suppression of soil-borne pathogens (Fusarium oxysporum, Pythium and Phytophthora). The results showed that increasing the soil water content and maize straw application rate accelerated the removal of excess sulfate and nitrate in the soil and elevated the soil pH. Elevating the water content and maize straw application rate also produced much more organic acids, which could strongly inhibit soil-borne pathogens. Soil properties were improved significantly after RSD treatment with a maize straw amendment rate of more than 5 g kg−1, regardless of the water content. However, RSD treatments with 60% WHC could not effectively inactivate soil-borne pathogens and even stimulated their growth by increasing the maize application rate. RSD treatments of both 100% WHC and continuous flooding could inactivate soil-borne pathogens and increase the pathogens mortality indicated by cultural cells relatively effectively. The inhibited pathogens were significantly increased with the increasing maize application rate from 5 g kg−1 to 10 g kg−1, but were not further increased from 10 g kg−1 to 20 g kg−1. A further increased mortality of F. oxysporum, indicated by gene copies, was also observed when the soil water content and maize straw application rate were increased. Therefore, RSD treatment with 60% WHC could improve soil properties significantly, whereas irrigation with 100% WHC or continuous flooding was a necessity for effective soil-borne pathogens suppression. Holding 100% WHC and applicating maize straw at 10 g kg−1 soil were optimum conditions for RSD field operation to restore degraded greenhouse soil.

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Using Multivariate Geostatistics to Assess Patterns of Spatial Dependence of Apparent Soil Electrical Conductivity and Selected Soil Properties

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2014/712403 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Glécio Machado Siqueira ◽

Jorge Dafonte Dafonte ◽

Montserrat Valcárcel Armesto ◽

Ênio Farias França e Silva

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Water Content ◽

Soil Water ◽

Soil Water Content ◽

Clay Content ◽

Data Sets ◽

Soil Electrical Conductivity ◽

Multivariate Geostatistics ◽

Northwestern Spain

The apparent soil electrical conductivity (ECa) was continuously recorded in three successive dates using electromagnetic induction in horizontal (ECa-H) and vertical (ECa-V) dipole modes at a 6 ha plot located in Northwestern Spain. One of the ECadata sets was used to devise an optimized sampling scheme consisting of 40 points. Soil was sampled at the 0.0–0.3 m depth, in these 40 points, and analyzed for sand, silt, and clay content; gravimetric water content; and electrical conductivity of saturated soil paste. Coefficients of correlation between ECaand gravimetric soil water content (0.685 for ECa-V and 0.649 for ECa-H) were higher than those between ECaand clay content (ranging from 0.197 to 0.495, when different ECarecording dates were taken into account). Ordinary and universal kriging have been used to assess the patterns of spatial variability of the ECadata sets recorded at successive dates and the analyzed soil properties. Ordinary and universal cokriging methods have improved the estimation of gravimetric soil water content using the data of ECaas secondary variable with respect to the use of ordinary kriging.

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Denitrification in grassland soils in The Netherlands in relation to irrigation, N-application rate, soil water content and soil temperature

Soil Biology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/0038-0717(95)00131-x ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 231-237 ◽

Cited By ~ 84

Author(s):

C.A.M. De Klein ◽

R.S.P. Van Logtestijn

Keyword(s):

The Netherlands ◽

Soil Temperature ◽

Water Content ◽

Soil Water ◽

Soil Water Content ◽

Application Rate ◽

Grassland Soils ◽

N Application ◽

N Application Rate

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Dependence of Soil Properties under Alpine Lichen Heath Community on the Soil Water Content and the Presence of Vaccinium vitis-idaea

Eurasian Soil Science ◽

10.1134/s1064229320070091 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 53 (7) ◽

pp. 941-949

Author(s):

M. I. Makarov ◽

R. V. Sabirova ◽

M. S. Kadulin ◽

T. I. Malysheva ◽

A. I. Zhuravleva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Water Content ◽

Soil Water ◽

Soil Water Content ◽

Heath Community

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Separation of soil and canopy reflectance signatures of Mid German agricultural soils

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/3589-pse ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 51 (No, 7) ◽

pp. 296-303 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

T. Behrens ◽

K. Gregor ◽

W. Diepenbrock

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Water Content ◽

Soil Water ◽

Soil Water Content ◽

Vegetation Index ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Agricultural Soils ◽

Soil Reflectance

Remote sensing can provide visual indications of crop growth during production season. In past, spectral optical estimations were well performed in the ability to be correlated with crop and soil properties but were not consistent within the whole production season. To better quantify vegetation properties gathered via remote sensing, models of soil reflectance under changing moisture conditions are needed. Signatures of reflected radiation were acquired for several Mid German agricultural soils in laboratory and field experiments. Results were evaluated at near-infrared spectral region at the wavelength of 850 nm. The selected soils represented different soil colors and brightness values reflecting a broad range of soil properties. At the wavelength of 850 nm soil reflectance ranged between 10% (black peat) and 74% (white quartz sand). The reflectance of topsoils varied from 21% to 32%. An interrelation was found between soil brightness rating values and spectral optical reflectance values in form of a linear regression. Increases of soil water content from 0% to 25% decreased signatures of soil reflectance at 850 nm of two different soil types about 40%. The interrelation of soil reflectance and soil moisture revealed a non-linear exponential function. Using knowledge of the individual signature of soil reflectance as well as the soil water content at the measurement, soil reflectance could be predicted. As a result, a clear separation is established between soil reflectance and reflectance of the vegetation cover if the vegetation index is known.

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Hydrologic soil properties and application of a soil moisture model in a balsam fir forest

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x88-063 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 427-434 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Richard Barry ◽

André P. Plamondon ◽

Jean Stein

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Water Content ◽

Soil Water ◽

Soil Water Content ◽

Crop Coefficient ◽

Balsam Fir ◽

Physical Parameters ◽

Volumetric Soil Water Content ◽

Soil Moisture Model

An analysis of hydrologic soil properties and the prediction of volumetric soil water content during four summers have been done for a site located in the balsam fir (Abiesbalsamea (L.) Mill.) forest of the Lac Laflamme watershed. The hydrologic properties were used to identify three different soil layers, THIRSTY, a soil moisture model using the Penman evapotranspiration formula, was applied to predict daily volumetric water content of these layers. Predictions of soil moisture with the calibrated model were close to the observed data for the median layer (20–60 cm from the soil surface) and less accurate for the surface layer (0–20 cm) where important transpiration activities take place. The model appeared unreliable for predicting soil water content of the bottom layer (60–100 cm) which was often saturated by groundwater. The calibration of the model required modifications of the observed values of the available water content at field capacity and the relative root density factor and was adjusted with the crop coefficient of the Penman evapotranspiration formula. These modifications of observed physical parameters raise the question of the feasibility of extrapolating the model to other sites without extensive calibration. The high sensitivity to variations of the crop coefficient applied to the evapotranspiration equation indicated that a more physically based transpiration model, supported by field-oriented process studies, would be required to improve the model's performance.

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