scholarly journals An Exploration of Psychosocial Pathways of Parks’ Effects on Health: A Qualitative Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewelina M. Swierad ◽  
Terry T. K. Huang
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Culturally Diverse ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
Human Need ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
Improve Health

Urban green space has been positively associated with psychological and physical health. However, the linkage between exposure to parks and health outcomes remains unclear. The current study examined the meanings that people assign to city parks, as a way to understand the pathways by which parks exert their effects on health. We conducted qualitative interviews with twenty culturally diverse residents in New York City. Thematic analysis was performed on the qualitative data. Results showed that all themes identified were related to parks fulfilling a basic human need for connection to (1) family, loved ones, and friends; (2) community and neighborhood; (3) self; and (4) nature. Based on these data, we proposed a human-centered framework for future research and interventions aimed at catalyzing parks as a vehicle to improve health and wellbeing. A human-centered approach emphasizes targeting the deep-seated needs and values of those we seek to engage and for whom health promotion and disease prevention efforts are designed. Our study shows that park transformations need to incorporate careful considerations of the human need for connection on multiple levels, so that park usage and its consequent health benefits may be optimized.

Varieties of Drug Trafficking Organizations: A Typology of Cases Prosecuted in New York City

1998 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 1005-1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mangai Natarajan ◽  
Mathieu Belanger
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Drug Trafficking ◽  
York City ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Federal Courts ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Drug Trafficking Organizations

This paper examines a sample of 39 drug trafficking organizations prosecuted in New York City federal courts. Using a new two-dimensional typology based on organizational structure and tasks/roles, a considerable variety of organizational types was found. This result has important implications for future research. In particular it suggests the need for caution in generalizing from the findings of single case studies. These studies need to be located in the broader framework provided by the typology. The typology also permits the systematic sampling of trafficking organizations for detailed study. This is particularly important for policy since interventions must be closely tailored to the nature of criminal enterprises.

A Study on Worker’s Perceptions of Psychological Capital on their Earnings

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-42
Author(s):  
Amrit Thapa
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Psychological Capital ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Worker's Perceptions ◽  
Meaningful Role

This study explores the perceptions of workers on the influence of psychological capital on their earnings using qualitative data analysis. Workers from diverse socio-economic groups, cultures and occupations in New York City were interviewed using both individual interviews as well as focused groups to find out their viewpoints on psychological capital and its impact on their earnings. The analysis of this paper suggests that workers perceive psychological capital to play a meaningful role in influencing their earnings. In particular, the results indicate that psychological capital workers perceive to be important for their earnings are self-confidence, motivation, positive attitude, ambition and perseverance.

scholarly journals MAPPING COLLABORATION RELATIONSHIPS IN AGE-FRIENDLY COMMUNITIES INITIATIVES

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S923-S924
Author(s):  
Althea Pestine-Stevens
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Community Change ◽  
Complete Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Network Nodes ◽  
Upstate New York ◽  
Visual Maps ◽  
Collaborative Community ◽  
Advance Research

Abstract Age-friendly initiatives (AFIs) convene stakeholders throughout a community to improve social and built environments for long lives. Despite rapid growth in AFIs worldwide, research on how AFIs operate, sustain, and impact their communities has been slow to develop. This poster presents a new social network analysis (SNA) survey instrument, which can be used to advance research on AFIs by identifying key relationships and activities that drive collaborative community change processes. The survey asks a representative from each organizational member of an AFI coalition to select “partner” organizations with whom they have worked on AFI goals. Respondents then select from a list of activities in which they engage with each partnering organization. The questions regarding collaboration activities were developed based on theories of inter-sectoral and community-wide collaboration, SNA studies of collaboration in health prevention networks, and qualitative interviews with leaders of an established AFI coalition in Upstate New York. This tool was administered with respondents from 18 organizations comprising the New York coalition. Administration of the pilot indicated that the questions were acceptable and feasible for participants to complete. Analysis of the data through SNA software (UCINET) yielded visual maps to understand dimensions of the AFI’s inter-organizational network. Local government offices and nonprofits emerged as central network nodes for connecting stakeholders. Findings also indicated denser networks around lower-intensity collaboration activities, such as sharing information, relative to higher-intensity activities, such as sharing financial resources. Implications of the tool for future research on the development of AFIs across diverse community contexts are discussed.

Presence of Counterfeit Marlboro Gold Packs in Licensed Retail Stores in New York City: Evidence From Test Purchases

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 1131-1134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marin Kurti ◽  
Yi He ◽  
Diana Silver ◽  
Margaret Giorgio ◽  
Klaus von Lampe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Ultraviolet Irradiation ◽  
York City ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Retail Stores ◽  
Cigarette Packs

Abstract Background There are no independent studies measuring the availability of premium brand counterfeit cigarettes in New York City from licensed retailers. Methods We forensically analyzed the cigarette packaging of Marlboro Gold (n = 1021) purchased from licensed tobacco retailers in New York City, using ultraviolet irradiation and light microscopy to determine whether they were counterfeit. Results We find that while only 0.5% (n = 5) of our sample exhibits at least one characteristic synonymous with counterfeit packaging, none of our packs can be conclusively classified as counterfeit. Conclusions We do not find any counterfeit Marlboro Gold packs purchased at full price from licensed cigarette retailers throughout New York City. Future research using test purchases should include other venues (eg, street and online) and specifically ask for discounts to ascertain the overall presence of counterfeit cigarettes. Implications This is the first study to independently measure the availability of counterfeit cigarette packs purchased at full price from licensed retailers in New York City. We find that none of the Marlboro Gold packs purchased from licensed cigarette retailers are counterfeit.

Good parents, bad parents: Rethinking family involvement in juvenile justice

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Paik
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Family Involvement ◽  
York City ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Juvenile Court ◽  
Family Court ◽  
Youth Delinquency

This article proposes a new theoretical model for studying family involvement in youth delinquency cases in juvenile court. It argues that before we can assess the family’s effect on case outcomes, we must first have a clearer understanding about the process by which family involvement is formed to consider the myriad factors that go beyond the idea of a ‘good’ or ‘bad’ parent. Based on qualitative data on families in New York City Family Court, this article shows how family involvement is not a predetermined factor but rather, the result of the institutional process itself as shaped by the family’s interactions with court staff as well as the youths’ behaviors and interactions with parents and staff.

scholarly journals Patient Satisfaction With Telemedicine During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Retrospective Cohort Study

10.2196/20786 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. e20786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwin Ramaswamy ◽  
Miko Yu ◽  
Siri Drangsholt ◽  
Eric Ng ◽  
Patrick J Culligan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
York City ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Disruptive Innovation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Care Providers

Background New York City was the international epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic. Health care providers responded by rapidly transitioning from in-person to video consultations. Telemedicine (ie, video visits) is a potentially disruptive innovation; however, little is known about patient satisfaction with this emerging alternative to the traditional clinical encounter. Objective This study aimed to determine if patient satisfaction differs between video and in-person visits. Methods In this retrospective observational cohort study, we analyzed 38,609 Press Ganey patient satisfaction survey outcomes from clinic encounters (620 video visits vs 37,989 in-person visits) at a single-institution, urban, quaternary academic medical center in New York City for patients aged 18 years, from April 1, 2019, to March 31, 2020. Time was categorized as pre–COVID-19 and COVID-19 (before vs after March 4, 2020). Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney tests and multivariable linear regression were used for hypothesis testing and statistical modeling, respectively. Results We experienced an 8729% increase in video visit utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the same period last year. Video visit Press Ganey scores were significantly higher than in-person visits (94.9% vs 92.5%; P<.001). In adjusted analyses, video visits (parameter estimate [PE] 2.18; 95% CI 1.20-3.16) and the COVID-19 period (PE 0.55; 95% CI 0.04-1.06) were associated with higher patient satisfaction. Younger age (PE –2.05; 95% CI –2.66 to –1.22), female gender (PE –0.73; 95% CI –0.96 to –0.50), and new visit type (PE –0.75; 95% CI –1.00 to –0.49) were associated with lower patient satisfaction. Conclusions Patient satisfaction with video visits is high and is not a barrier toward a paradigm shift away from traditional in-person clinic visits. Future research comparing other clinic visit quality indicators is needed to guide and implement the widespread adoption of telemedicine.

scholarly journals Weather Effects on Social Movements: Evidence from Washington, D.C., and New York City, 1960–95

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Huiquan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
York City ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Scholars have been taking the impact of weather on social movements for granted for some time, despite a lack of supporting empirical evidence. This paper takes the topic more seriously, analyzing more than 7000 social movement events and 36 years of weather records in Washington, D.C., and New York City (1960–95). Here, “good weather” is defined as midrange temperature and little to no precipitation. This paper uses negative binomial regression models to predict the number of social movements per day and finds social movements are more likely to happen on good days than bad, with seasonal patterns controlled for. Results from logistic regression models indicate violence occurs more frequently at social movement events when it is warmer. Most interestingly, the effect of weather is more salient when there are more political opportunities and resources available. This paper discusses the implications and suggests future research on weather and social movement studies.

School Characteristics and Teacher Policy Influence: Evidence From New York City

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 1041-1069
Author(s):  
Eric William Shannon ◽  
Argun Saatcioglu
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Public Schools ◽  
Charter Schools ◽  
York City ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Policy Influence ◽  
Charter School Movement ◽  
Teacher Policy

Proponents of the charter school movement often claim that the decentralized, autonomous nature of charter schools from district and state authority allows teachers greater influence over school policy both instructionally and administratively. Using a data set of 1,427 New York City schools, we empirically examine the extent to which organizational characteristics predict the amount of policy influence charter schools and traditional public schools grant to teachers. Results indicate not only do charter schools grant their teachers less policy influence but also other organizational features are stronger predictors of teacher policy influence including several nonlinear relationships. Directions for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Trans Feminine Sexual Violence Experiences: The Intersection of Transphobia and Misogyny

Affilia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Matsuzaka ◽  
David E. Koch
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Sexual Victimization ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Interview Format ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Phenomenological Interview ◽  
Depth Interviews

Trans feminine individuals are at a higher risk of sexual victimization than any other subset of the U.S. population. This New York City (NYC)-based study employed an intersectional framework with a phenomenological interview format to explore the experiences of trans feminine adult study participants with sexual victimization. A total of 10 in-depth interviews with a diverse sample of trans feminine individuals were conducted. Analysis revealed themes specific to (1) the diversity of experiences within sexual victimization, (2) transmisogynistic sexual victimization, (3) internalized transmisogyny and cissexism, and (4) the health consequences of sexual victimization. Recommendations for policy and programmatic enhancements, future research directions, and implications for social workers are provided.

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