scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Physiological Measures of Mental Workload

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (15) ◽  
pp. 2716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Da Tao ◽  
Haibo Tan ◽  
Hailiang Wang ◽  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Xingda Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Mental Workload ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Physiological Measures ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Machine Systems ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg ◽  
Research Domains ◽  
Selection Of

Mental workload (MWL) can affect human performance and is considered critical in the design and evaluation of complex human-machine systems. While numerous physiological measures are used to assess MWL, there appears no consensus on their validity as effective agents of MWL. This study was conducted to provide a comprehensive understanding of the use of physiological measures of MWL and to synthesize empirical evidence on the validity of the measures to discriminate changes in MWL. A systematical literature search was conducted with four electronic databases for empirical studies measuring MWL with physiological measures. Ninety-one studies were included for analysis. We identified 78 physiological measures, which were distributed in cardiovascular, eye movement, electroencephalogram (EEG), respiration, electromyogram (EMG) and skin categories. Cardiovascular, eye movement and EEG measures were the most widely used across varied research domains, with 76%, 66%, and 71% of times reported a significant association with MWL, respectively. While most physiological measures were found to be able to discriminate changes in MWL, they were not universally valid in all task scenarios. The use of physiological measures and their validity for MWL assessment also varied across different research domains. Our study offers insights into the understanding and selection of appropriate physiological measures for MWL assessment in varied human-machine systems.

scholarly journals Unravelling the Physiological Correlates of Mental Workload Variations in Tracking and Collision Prediction Tasks: Implications for Air Traffic Controllers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alka Rachel John ◽  
Avinash K Singh ◽  
Tien-Thong Nguyen Do ◽  
Ami Eidels ◽  
Eugene Nalivaiko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Systems ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Mental Workload ◽  
Physiological Measures ◽  
Task Load ◽  
Air Traffic Controllers ◽  
Collision Prediction ◽  
Size Number ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Electroencephalogram Eeg

AbstractObjectiveWe have designed tracking and collision prediction tasks to elucidate the differences in the physiological response to the workload variations in basic ATC tasks to untangle the impact of workload variations experienced by operators working in a complex ATC environment.BackgroundEven though several factors influence the complexity of ATC tasks, keeping track of the aircraft and preventing collision are the most crucial.MethodsPhysiological measures, such as electroencephalogram (EEG), eye activity, and heart rate variability (HRV) data, were recorded from 24 participants performing tracking and collision prediction tasks with three levels of difficulty.ResultsThe neurometrics of workload variations in the tracking and collision prediction tasks were markedly distinct, indicating that neurometrics can provide insights on the type of mental workload. The pupil size, number of blinks and HRV metric, root mean square of successive difference (RMSSD), varied significantly with the mental workload in both these tasks in a similar manner.ConclusionOur findings indicate that variations in task load are sensitively reflected in physiological signals, such as EEG, eye activity and HRV, in these basic ATC-related tasks.ApplicationThese findings have applicability to the design of future mental workload adaptive systems that integrate neurometrics in deciding not just ‘when’ but also ‘what’ to adapt. Our study provides compelling evidence in the viability of developing intelligent closed-loop mental workload adaptive systems that ensure efficiency and safety in ATC and beyond.PrécisThis article identifies the physiological correlates of mental workload variation in basic ATC tasks. The findings assert that neurometrics can provide more information on the task that contributes to the workload, which can aid in the design of intelligent mental workload adaptive system.

Modeling Pilot Flight Performance in a Cognitive Architecture: Model Demonstration

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 1254-1258
Author(s):  
Rongbing Xu ◽  
Shi Cao
Keyword(s):  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Mental Workload ◽  
Cognitive Architecture ◽  
Queueing Network ◽  
Architecture Model ◽  
Human In The Loop ◽  
Pilot Model ◽  
Competency Based ◽  
Machine Systems

Cognitive architecture models can support the simulation and prediction of human performance in complex human-machine systems. In the current work, we demonstrate a pilot model that can perform and simulate taxiing and takeoff tasks. The model was built in Queueing Network-Adaptive Control of Thought Rational (QN-ACTR) cognitive architecture and can be connected to flight simulators such as X-Plane to generate various data, including performance, mental workload, and situation awareness. The model results are determined in combination by the declarative knowledge chunks, production rules, and a set of parameters. Currently, the model can generate flight operation behavior similar to human pilots. We will collect human pilot data to examine further and validate model assumptions and parameter values. Once validated, such models can support interface evaluation and competency-based pilot training, providing a theory-based predictive approach complementary to human-in-the-loop experiments for aviation research and development.

Influence of Task and Situational Variables on the Applicability of Vigilance Data to Physical Security

1980 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 606-607
Author(s):  
Ben B. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Real World ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
General Belief ◽  
Situational Variables ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Limited Applicability ◽  
Machine Systems ◽  
Inspection Tasks ◽  
The Many

Vigilance is one of the most thoroughly researched areas of human performance. Volumes have been written concerning vigilance performance in both laboratory and real-world settings, and there is a clear trend in the literature toward an increasing emphasis on the study of operational task behavior under environmental conditions that are common to real world jobs. Although a great deal of this research has been designed to test various aspects of the many theories of vigilance, there is a general belief that vigilance research is relevant and applicable to the performances required in real-world monitoring and inspection tasks. Indeed, many of the reported studies are justified on the basis of their apparent relevance to vigilance requirements in modern man-machine systems, industrial inspection tasks, and military jobs. There is a growing body of literature, however, which suggests that many vigilance studies are of limited applicability to operational task performance. For example, Kibler (1965) has argued that technological changes have altered job performance requirements to the extent that laboratory vigilance studies are no longer applicable to real-world jobs. Many others have simply been unable to reproduce the typical “vigilance decrement” in field situations. This has led Teichner (1974) to conclude that “the decremental function itself is more presumed than established.”

scholarly journals Assessing Moving Targets: the Impact of Transition Stages on Entrepreneurship Development

Ekonomika ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruta Aidis ◽  
Arnis Sauka
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Transition Countries ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Entrepreneurship Development ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Development Perspective ◽  
Transition Stages ◽  
Selection Of

An issue that has recently gained in importance in transitional literature is the need to develop a thriving small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sector since it can contribute significantly to innovation, job creation and economic growth. However, the specific characteristics of SMEs make them especially vulnerable to changes in the legal, social and environmental context. In this paper we are interested in the barriers that SME development encounters during different stages in the transition process. There is no consensus regarding ‘transition stages’, yet various indicators measuring certain aspects of transition progress have been developed. For this paper, we apply a selection of indicators proposed in previous research to approximate three transitional stages that would make sense from an entrepreneurship development perspective. We utilise these indicators to categorise 23 transition countries into transitional stages. On the basis of that utilisation we develop a framework in which we can identify SME development trends based on our analysis of the 25 empirical studies on constraints facing SMEs in transition countries. Our preliminary results indicate that more fundamental barriers related to legal issues are more characteristic of the early stages of transition, while more specific constraints related to human resources and skill development characterise later transition stages.

scholarly journals Dependance on online computer games as a type of addictive behaviour

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.V. Zaretskaya
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Internet Addiction ◽  
Computer Games ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Coping Behavior ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
The One ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Selection Of

The article discusses the dependence on online computer games as a kind of addic- tive behavior, analyzing different viewpoints of researchers. The author represents the results of empirical studies of personality and behavioral characteristics of players, which enable to detect statistically significant differences in characteristics such as locus of control (internality / externality) and coping behavior. In the group of players internality level was lower than in the control group, and the frequency of selection of coping strategy avoidance was higher. Moreover, the author found out the correla- tion between these parameters: the level of internality is negatively correlated with the frequency of selection of avoidance strategies. These data indicate that the one of the basic factors, which forms addictive behavior, in particular, addiction to com- puter online games, is the consciousness of the degree of responsibility for one’s live, of opportunities to influence its course. These results open new perspectives for further study of the problem of computer and Internet addiction. In addition to empirical data, obtained as a result of the author's research, the article analyses well-known theoreti- cal concepts and practical work in the field of Internet addiction, coping behavior and locus of control.

scholarly journals Human Factor in Smart Industry: A Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vander Luiz Silva ◽  
João Luiz Kovaleski ◽  
Regina Negri Pagani ◽  
Alana Corsi ◽  
Myller Augusto Santos Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Professional Career ◽  
Smart Industry ◽  
Constant Improvement ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose of the study: The objective of this study is to identify the benefits and challenges of smart industry concept to the human factor, based on the concept of Industry 4.0.Methodology/approach: A systematic literature review was elaborated, based on structured protocols for the selection of a bibliographic portfolio of articles. A bibliometric analysis of the data and content analysis was performed.Originality/relevance: The article discusses human work, focusing on theoretical and practical contributions of international literature. The focus scenario is smart industry, a concept in constant improvement, which currently has acquired influences from Industry 4.0.Main results: The discussions lead us to ponder on human factor in smart industries in the categories physical and mental health at work, human performance and professional career in general. The conclusions points to the need to ensure adequate working conditions in cognitive and psychic aspects, among others.Theoretical and methodological contributions: We present major literature articles, smart industry definitions, main technologies, and grouping benefits and challenges to the human factor.

Man-Machine Systems: Information, Control, and Decision Models of Human Performance

1975 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 703
Author(s):  
James K. Arima ◽  
Thomas B. Sheridan ◽  
William R. Ferrell
Keyword(s):  
Human Performance ◽  
Decision Models ◽  
Information Control ◽  
Machine Systems

Childhood Trauma and Psychosis: The case for exploring Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) as an adjunctive treatment for schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Inti Qurashi ◽  
◽  
Simon Chu ◽  
Henry Ashcroft ◽  
Benjamin Cross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movement ◽  
Childhood Trauma ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Adjunctive Treatment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Persons With Schizophrenia ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Relevant Outcome ◽  
Selection Of

There is an association between childhood trauma and the development of psychosis in adulthood and a treatment recommended to reduce the symptoms of trauma is Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR). Studies of EMDR in adults with psychotic experiences and a history of trauma have shown encouraging results. As psychosis is a core feature of schizophrenia, and many persons with schizophrenia will have experienced childhood trauma, we review the evidence that EMDR may be a safe and effective adjunctive treatment for schizophrenia. We conclude that the evidence base supports well-designed and adequately powered randomised controlled studies of EMDR in schizophrenia with careful consideration given to inclusion criteria, participant acceptability and selection of clinically relevant outcome measures. Mechanism of action and potential effects on cognitive functioning should also be explored.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document