scholarly journals COVID-19 Lockdown, Food Systems and Urban–Rural Partnership: Case of Nagpur, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 5710
Author(s):  
Vibhas Sukhwani ◽  
Sameer Deshkar ◽  
Rajib Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Food Supply Chains ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The globally fast-spreading novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is now testing the abilities of all countries to manage its widespread implications on public health. To effectively contain its impacts, a nation-wide temporary lockdown was enforced in India. The resultant panic buying and stockpiling incidents together with spread of misinformation created a sense of food insecurity at local level. This paper discusses a specific case of Nagpur from the worst affected Maharashtra state of India, wherein the urban–rural food supply chains were reportedly disrupted. Based on formal interviews with local government officials, a month-long timeline of COVID-19 outbreak in Nagpur was studied along with the consequent government initiatives for maintaining public health and food supply. While the city residents were confined to their homes, this study then assessed their perceived food security at household level, along with their “Immediate Concerns” and “Key Information Sources”. Through online surveys at two different time intervals, the concerns of “Food and Grocery” were found to be rising, and “Government Apps and Websites” were identified as the most reliable source of information. Based on the research findings, the authors further suggest specific policy recommendations for addressing the immediate and long-term concerns related to food systems in Nagpur.

scholarly journals Tackling health inequality at the local level: Some critical reflections on the future of Norwegian policies

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 56-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenche Bekken ◽  
Espen Dahl ◽  
Kjetil Van Der Wel
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Inequalities ◽  
Health Inequality ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Government Documents ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Public Health Act

Aim: In this paper we discuss recent developments in the policy to reduce health inequalities in Norway in relation to challenges and opportunities associated with tackling health inequality at the local level. Methods: We discuss government documents and research findings on the implementation of policies to diminish health inequalities at the municipality level. Recent policy developments are briefly reviewed in relation to the 10-year strategy to reduce health inequalities passed by the Parliament in 2007. We then identify opportunities and obstacles to successful action on health inequalities at the local level. Results: The 2012 Public Health Act represented a powerful reinforcement of the strategy to reduce health inequalities at all three levels of government: the national, the regional and the local. However, some aspects of the policies pursued by the current government are likely to make local action to tackle health inequality an uphill struggle. In particular, health equity policies that have hitherto been based on universalism and had a focus on the gradient seem to be running out of fuel. Other challenges are an insufficient capacity for effective action particularly in smaller municipalities, and a rather weak knowledge base, including systems to monitor social inequalities and a general lack of evaluations of trials and new initiatives. Conclusions: We conclude that the Public Health Act opened up many new opportunities, but that a number of municipalities face obstacles that they need to overcome to tackle health inequalities comprehensively. Furthermore, local efforts need to be coupled with sustained national momentum to be efficient.

scholarly journals Pre- and post-production processes along supply chains increasingly dominate GHG emissions from agri-food systems globally and in most countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco N. Tubiello ◽  
Kevin Karl ◽  
Alessandro Flammini ◽  
Johannes Gütschow ◽  
Griffiths Obli-Layrea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
System Component ◽  
Food Supply Chains ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Post Production

Abstract. We present results from the FAOSTAT agri-food systems emissions database, relative to 236 countries and territories and over the period 1990–2019. We find that in 2019, world-total food systems emissions were 16.5 billion metric tonnes (Gt CO2eq yr−1), corresponding to 31 % of total anthropogenic emissions. Of the agri-food systems total, global emissions within the farm gate –from crop and livestock production processes including on-farm energy use—were 7.2 Gt CO2eq yr−1; emissions from land use change, due to deforestation and peatland degradation, were 3.5 Gt CO2eq yr−1; and emissions from pre- and post-production processes –manufacturing of fertilizers, food processing, packaging, transport, retail, household consumption and food waste disposal—were 5.8 Gt CO2eq yr−1. Over the study period 1990–2019, agri-food systems emissions increased in total by 17 %, largely driven by a doubling of emissions from pre- and post-production processes. Conversely, the FAO data show that since 1990 land use emissions decreased by 25 %, while emissions within the farm gate increased only 9 %. In 2019, in terms of single GHG, pre- and post- production processes emitted the most CO2 (3.9 Gt CO2 yr−1), preceding land use change (3.3 Gt CO2 yr−1) and farm-gate (1.2 Gt CO2 yr−1) emissions. Conversely, farm-gate activities were by far the major emitter of methane (140 Mt CH4 yr−1) and of nitrous oxide (7.8 Mt N2O yr−1). Pre-and post- processes were also significant emitters of methane (49 Mt CH4 yr−1), mostly generated from the decay of solid food waste in landfills and open-dumps. The most important trend over the 30-year period since 1990 highlighted by our analysis is the increasingly important role of food-related emissions generated outside of agricultural land, in pre- and post-production processes along food supply chains, at all scales from global, regional and national, from 1990 to 2019. In fact, our data show that by 2019, food supply chains had overtaken farm-gate processes to become the largest GHG component of agri-food systems emissions in Annex I parties (2.2 Gt CO2eq yr−1). They also more than doubled in non-Annex I parties (to 3.5 Gt CO2eq yr−1), becoming larger than emissions from land-use change. By 2019 food supply chains had become the largest agri-food system component in China (1100 Mt CO2eq yr−1); USA (700 Mt CO2eq yr−1) and EU-27 (600 Mt CO2eq yr−1). This has important repercussions for food-relevant national mitigation strategies, considering that until recently these have focused mainly on reductions of non-CO2 gases within the farm gate and on CO2 mitigation from land use change. The information used in this work is available as open data at: https://zenodo.org/record/5615082 (Tubiello et al., 2021d). It is also available to users via the FAOSTAT database (FAO, 2021a), with annual updates.

scholarly journals Sustainable Food Supply Chains: Is Shortening the Answer? A Literature Review for a Research and Innovation Agenda

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 9831
Author(s):  
Yuna Chiffoleau ◽  
Tara Dourian
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Food Supply Chains ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Systems Research ◽  
Wide Range

Short food supply chains (SFSCs) are increasingly garnering attention in food systems research, owing to their rising popularity among consumers, producers and policy-makers in the last few decades. Written with the aim to identify research gaps for the Horizon Europe research and innovation programme, this literature review provides a state of play of the definition and characterisation of SFSCs, and of their sustainability. Drawing on hypotheses about SFSC sustainability elaborated in an expert network in France, this review summarises a wide range of papers from various disciplines in the SFSC literature, written in English or French, while specifically highlighting the empirical results derived from European projects. Though the literature tends to generally agree on the social benefits of SFSCs, their economic and environmental impacts typically elicit more heterogeneous outcomes, while their health/nutrition and governance dimensions remain under-explored. Based on this review, recommendations for a future research and innovation programme are outlined, addressing the contribution of SFSCs to agrifood system transition and resilience in the current context of the Covid-19 crisis and of the Green New Deal objectives.

scholarly journals The Complexity of Food Systems: Defining Relevant Attributes and Indicators for the Evaluation of Food Supply Chains in Spain

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Gamboa ◽  
Zora Kovacic ◽  
Marina Di Masso ◽  
Sara Mingorría ◽  
Tiziano Gomiero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Food Supply Chains

Objective Programming Approach to Food Supply-Chain Theory

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 1263-1267
Author(s):  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Yu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Dual Problem ◽  
Programming Approach ◽  
Food Supply Chain ◽  
Food Supply Chains ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Chain Theory ◽  
Decision Making Model

Contemporary food supply chains are generating externalities with high economic and social costs, notably in public health terms through the rise in diet-related non-communicable disease.A decision making model of multi-product multi-stage food supply-chain consisted of single manufacturer and single supplier is proposed in this article. The model is proved to be superior and efficient through application example. Reasonable decisions are suggested by analyzing the solution of dual problem. The decisions could help members of food supply-chain get more profits.

Gains and Losses of Agricultural Food Production: Implications for the Twenty-First Century

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavko Komarnytsky ◽  
Sophia Retchin ◽  
Chi In Vong ◽  
Mary Ann Lila
Keyword(s):  
Food Supply ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Annual Review ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Publication Date ◽  
Food Supply Chains ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Gains And Losses ◽  
Agricultural Food

The world food supply depends on a diminishing list of plant crops and animal livestock to not only feed the ever-growing human population but also improve its nutritional state and lower the disease burden. Over the past century or so, technological advances in agricultural and food processing have helped reduce hunger and poverty but have not adequately addressed sustainability targets. This has led to an erosion of agricultural biodiversity and balanced diets and contributed to climate change and rising rates of chronic metabolic diseases. Modern food supply chains have progressively lost dietary fiber, complex carbohydrates, micronutrients, and several classes of phytochemicals with high bioactivity and nutritional relevance. This review introduces the concept of agricultural food systems losses and focuses on improved sources of agricultural diversity, proteins with enhanced resilience, and novel monitoring, processing, and distribution technologies that are poised to improve food security, reduce food loss and waste, and improve health profiles in the near future. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Food Science and Technology, Volume 13 is March 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.

Food Supply Chains, Family Farming, and Food Policies under the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Brazilian City

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-332
Author(s):  
Antonio de la Peña García ◽  
Silvia A. Zimmermann ◽  
Ana Alice Eleuterio
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chains ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Food System ◽  
Online Marketing ◽  
Farmers Markets ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Family Farming ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
Food Supply Chains

The food system in Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil, experienced changes that reflected the uncertainties and restrictions imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic. This study describes urban and periurban family farmers’ ongoing strategies to adapt to changes in the local food supply chains (FSCs) after the temporary suspension of farmers’ markets and government programs directed to small-scale agriculture. Their disruption proved problematic for the farmers and the vulnerable populations served by them. As a result, some farmers redirected their products’ commercialization to delivery or pickup services. Based on observations and conversations with producers and retail intermediaries, we show that farmers’ delivery and pickup-based sales increased dramatically with the pandemic. The sustainability of these practices is unknown, although they have strengthened forms of cooperation and commercialization amongst farmers, mainly through online marketing. Based on the results, the study provides a series of research questions to explore food systems and FSCs under severe social disruption.

scholarly journals Peri-Urban Organic Agriculture and Short Food Supply Chains as Drivers for Strengthening City/Region Food Systems—Two Case Studies in Andalucía, Spain

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Yacamán Ochoa ◽  
Alberto Matarán Ruiz ◽  
Rafael Mata Olmo ◽  
Álvaro Macías Figueroa ◽  
Adolfo Torres Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
City Region ◽  
Food Supply Chains ◽  
Short Food Supply Chains

Discussions on food security in the Global North have raised questions about the capacity of peri-urban organic agriculture to provide sufficient healthy food for the urban market. Dealing with food security requires more attention to how to protect peri-urban organic farming systems from urban pressures while strengthening the sustainability of local food systems. Given that short food supply chains (SFSCs) have been proven to be effective at reconnecting people with food production, this study focuses on identifying the barriers that hinder their development and the opportunities derived from the comparative advantage provided by their urban proximity. This study is based on documentary and empirical research addressing food supply chain characteristics in the organic sector. This study is focused on Mediterranean peri-urban agriculture, where, historically, there have been close relationships between the city and the countryside. These relationships are based on the fact that many cities are traditionally located next to areas of high agricultural activity, where a wide variety of vegetables is produced almost continuously due to the relatively mild winter climate. This study deals with two medium-sized metropolitan areas in Andalucía in the south of the Iberian Peninsula—the coastal city of Málaga, which is of a tourist-residential nature, and the inland urban agglomeration of Granada. Our research shows, when compared with other studies, that the local organic food sector seems to have great potential to find innovative solutions based on a collective approach, local embeddedness, and collective knowledge and by prioritizing horizontal and sustainable processes at the local/regional scale.

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