scholarly journals Effects of Exercise in Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1291
Author(s):  
Kuan-Yin Lin ◽  
Hui-Ching Cheng ◽  
Chia-Jui Yen ◽  
Ching-Hsia Hung ◽  
Yu-Ting Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Cardiovascular Fitness ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Fitness And Health

Background: Cisplatin administration may induce muscle atrophy, thereby reducing the fitness level of patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). To date, only animal studies have been conducted to test the effectiveness of exercise interventions in diminishing side effects of cisplatin. Aim: To determine whether exercise training improves physical fitness and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients receiving chemotherapy for Head & Neck (H&N). Material and methods: This pilot-randomized controlled trial was conducted on 57 participants receiving chemotherapy for HNC. The participants were randomized into an exercise group and a control group. The exercise group received moderate-intensity combined aerobic, resistance and flexibility exercises three times a week for eight weeks during chemotherapy. The control group received no specific information regarding exercise. The outcome measures including body composition, muscle strength, balance, flexibility, cardiovascular fitness and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) were assessed at baseline and eight weeks following baseline. Results: The body composition (body fat percentage, p = 0.002; skeletal muscle percentage, p = 0.008), dynamic balance (p = 0.01), muscle strength (upper extremity, p = 0.037; lower extremity, p = 0.025) and HRQoL (p = 0.001) showed a significant difference between the exercise group and the control group eight weeks following baseline. Significant deteriorations were noted in flexibility, muscle strength, cardiovascular fitness and several domains of HRQoL scale in the control group at eight weeks following baseline. Conclusions: This study found that a combined aerobic, resistance and flexibility exercise program during chemotherapy may improve physical fitness (i.e., muscle strength, balance, flexibility and body composition) and HRQoL and alleviate the deterioration of cardiovascular fitness in patients with HNC. Further research studies with large sample sizes are warranted to investigate the long-term effects of exercise in this population.

scholarly journals Effects of progressive resistance training combined with a protein-enriched lean red meat diet on health-related quality of life in elderly women: secondary analysis of a 4-month cluster randomised controlled trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (11) ◽  
pp. 1550-1559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan J. Torres ◽  
Sian Robinson ◽  
Liliana Orellana ◽  
Stella L. O’Connell ◽  
Carley A. Grimes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Randomised Controlled

AbstractResistance training (RT) and increased dietary protein are recommended to attenuate age-related muscle loss in the elderly. This study examined the effect of a lean red meat protein-enriched diet combined with progressive resistance training (RT+Meat) on health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) in elderly women. In this 4-month cluster randomised controlled trial, 100 women aged 60–90 years (mean 73 years) from self-care retirement villages participated in RT twice a week and were allocated either 160 g/d (cooked) lean red meat consumed across 2 meals/d, 6 d/week or ≥1 serving/d (25–30 g) carbohydrates (control group, CRT). HR-QoL (SF-36 Health Survey questionnaire), lower limb maximum muscle strength and lean tissue mass (LTM) (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) were assessed at baseline and 4 months. In all, ninety-one women (91 %) completed the study (RT+Meat (n 48); CRT (n 43)). Mean protein intake was greater in RT+Meat than CRT throughout the study (1·3 (sd 0·3) v. 1·1 (sd 0·3) g/kg per d, P<0·05). Exercise compliance (74 %) was not different between groups. After 4 months there was a significant net benefit in the RT+Meat compared with CRT group for overall HR-QoL and the physical component summary (PCS) score (P<0·01), but there were no changes in either group in the mental component summary (MCS) score. Changes in lower limb muscle strength, but not LTM, were positively associated with changes in overall HR-QoL (muscle strength, β: 2·2 (95 % CI 0·1, 4·3), P<0·05). In conclusion, a combination of RT and increased dietary protein led to greater net benefits in overall HR-QoL in elderly women compared with RT alone, which was because of greater improvements in PCS rather than MCS.

Can Aerobic Exercise Training Affect Health-Related Quality of Life for People with Multiple Sclerosis?

2001 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina Sutherland ◽  
Mark B. Andersen ◽  
Mark A. Stoové
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Bodily Pain ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) are often advised not to participate in vigorous exercise. Leading a relatively sedentary life, however, may exacerbate the debilitating effects of MS. In this study, 22 people participated in either a no-special-activity group (n = 11) or an experimental group (n = 11) that involved water aerobics three times a week for 10 weeks. Measures taken included scales for health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and psychological well-being. ANCOVAs using social support and the appropriate pretest scores as covariates revealed that after the intervention, the exercise group had more energy and vigor (extremely large effect sizes). Other very large effects were found in the exercise group, which had better social and sexual functioning and less bodily pain and fatigue than the control group. Future research should involve long-term studies to determine whether exercise not only improves quality of life but also helps slow the progression of disease.

scholarly journals Decreasing postoperative cognitive deficits after heart surgery: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial on cognitive training

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marius Butz ◽  
Jasmin El-Shazly ◽  
Gebhard Sammer ◽  
Marlene Tschernatsch ◽  
Sabrina Kastaun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Training Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Background The occurrence of postoperative cognitive deficits, especially after heart surgery, has been demonstrated in several studies. These deficits can clearly be noticed by the patients as well as by their close relatives in daily life. Furthermore, postoperative cognitive deficits can decrease quality of life in social functioning and earning capacity. The aim of this study is to investigate whether early postoperative cognitive training can reduce subjective and objective postoperative cognitive deficits Methods The proposed study is a multicenter, 2-arm randomized controlled trial involving 144 elderly patients undergoing elective heart valve surgery with extracorporeal circulation. Patients will be assigned to either a training group or a control group. The intervention involves a paper-and-pencil-based cognitive training, which is conducted for 36 minutes over a period of 18 days. The training starts about 1 week after surgery and is carried out during the hospitalized rehabilitation phase. The control group will not receive a cognitive training or a placebo intervention. A detailed assessment of psychological functions and health-related quality of life prior to surgery at discharge from rehabilitation and 3 and 12 months after discharge will be performed. The Primary outcome of this trial is the training effect on objective cognitive functions at discharge from rehabilitation. Secondary outcomes are the training effect on objective and subjective cognitive functions (3 and 12 months after discharge), depression, health-related quality of life, and the impact of perioperative cerebral ischemia on the training effect. Perioperative cerebral ischemia will be measured with postoperative magnetic resonance imaging including diffusion-weighted sequences. Discussion Should it be shown that our cognitive training can improve postoperative cognitive deficits as well as quality of life, one possibility could be to integrate this intervention into early rehabilitation. Furthermore, we hope that the investigation of perioperative ischemia by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging will improve our understanding of neurobiological factors influencing the course of postoperative cognitive plasticity.

scholarly journals Decreasing postoperative cognitive deficits after heart surgery: protocol for a randomized controlled trial on cognitive training

Trials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marius Butz ◽  
Jasmin El Shazly ◽  
Gebhard Sammer ◽  
Marlene Tschernatsch ◽  
Sabrina Kastaun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Training Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Background The occurrence of postoperative cognitive deficits, especially after heart surgery, has been demonstrated in several studies. These deficits can clearly be noticed by the patients and by their close relatives in daily life. Furthermore, postoperative cognitive deficits can decrease quality of life in social functioning and earning capacity. The aim of this study is to investigate whether early postoperative cognitive training can reduce subjective and objective postoperative cognitive deficits. Methods The proposed study is a multicenter, two-arm, randomized controlled trial involving 144 elderly patients undergoing elective heart-valve surgery with extracorporeal circulation. Patients will be assigned to either a training group or a control group. The intervention involves paper-and-pencil-based cognitive training, which is conducted for 36 min over a period of 18 days. The training starts about 1 week after surgery and is carried out during the hospitalized rehabilitation phase. The control group will not receive cognitive training or a placebo intervention. A detailed assessment of psychological functions and health-related quality of life prior to surgery at discharge from rehabilitation and 3 and 12 months after discharge will be performed. The primary outcome of this trial is the training effect on objective cognitive functions at discharge from rehabilitation. Secondary outcomes are the training effect on objective and subjective cognitive functions (3 and 12 months after discharge), depression, health-related quality of life, and the impact of perioperative cerebral ischemia on the training effect. Perioperative cerebral ischemia will be measured with postoperative magnetic resonance imaging including diffusion-weighted sequences. Discussion Should it be shown that our cognitive training can improve postoperative cognitive deficits and quality of life, one possibility could be to integrate this intervention into early rehabilitation. Furthermore, we hope that the investigation of perioperative ischemia by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging will improve our understanding of neurobiological factors influencing the course of postoperative cognitive plasticity. Trial registration German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS), DRKS00015512. Retrospectively registered on 21 September 2018.

scholarly journals Effects of school-based mindfulness intervention on health-related quality of life: moderating effect of gender, grade, and independent practice in cluster randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maarit Lassander ◽  
Mirka Hintsanen ◽  
Sakari Suominen ◽  
Sari Mullola ◽  
Tero Vahlberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Independent Practice ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
School Based ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Cluster Randomized

Abstract Object We investigated the impact of a school-based 9-week mindfulness program vs. active control program (relaxation) and inactive control group on children’s self-reported Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) moderated by gender, grade, and independent practice. Method In total 3519 (50/50% boys/girls) Finnish students aged 12–15 years from 56 schools were randomized into mindfulness intervention, active, and inactive control groups. HRQoL was measured at baseline, at 9 weeks, and at 26 weeks and analyzed with multilevel linear modeling. Results Significant improvement on HRQoL was found (β = mean difference) (β = 1.587, 95% CI 0.672–2.502, p < 0.001) after 9 weeks and at 26 weeks of follow-up among students in the mindfulness group as compared to the active control group. Moderating effects on HRQoL were found for gender, grade, and independent practice: girls, 7th and 8th grade students, and students with regular independent mindfulness practice benefited most. Conclusions Gender and developmental stage may moderate the effects of mindfulness interventions on HRQoL and offer guidance in designing effective promotive interventions for children and adolescents. Trial Registration Information Healthy Learning Mind—a school-based mindfulness and relaxation program: a study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial (RCT) ISRCTN18642659 retrospectively registered on 13 October 2015. The full trial protocol can be accessed at http://rdcu.be/t57S.

scholarly journals Decreasing postoperative cognitive deficits after heart surgery: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial on cognitive training

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marius Butz ◽  
Jasmin El-Shazly ◽  
Gebhard Sammer ◽  
Marlene Tschernatsch ◽  
Sabrina Kastaun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Heart Surgery ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Training Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Abstract Background The occurrence of postoperative cognitive deficits, especially after heart surgery, has been demonstrated in several studies. These deficits can clearly be noticed by the patients as well as by their close relatives in daily life. Furthermore, postoperative cognitive deficits can decrease quality of life in social functioning and earning capacity. The aim of this study is to investigate whether early postoperative cognitive training can reduce subjective and objective postoperative cognitive deficits Methods The proposed study is a multicenter, 2-arm randomized controlled trial involving 144 elderly patients undergoing elective heart valve surgery with extracorporeal circulation. Patients will be assigned to either a training group or a control group. The intervention involves a paper-and-pencil-based cognitive training, which is conducted for 36 minutes over a period of 18 days. The training starts about 1 week after surgery and is carried out during the hospitalized rehabilitation phase. The control group will not receive a cognitive training or a placebo intervention. A detailed assessment of psychological functions and health-related quality of life prior to surgery at discharge from rehabilitation and 3 and 12 months after discharge will be performed. The Primary outcome of this trial is the training effect on objective cognitive functions at discharge from rehabilitation. Secondary outcomes are the training effect on objective and subjective cognitive functions (3 and 12 months after discharge), depression, health-related quality of life, and the impact of perioperative cerebral ischemia on the training effect. Perioperative cerebral ischemia will be measured with postoperative magnetic resonance imaging including diffusion-weighted sequences. Discussion Should it be shown that our cognitive training can improve postoperative cognitive deficits as well as quality of life, one possibility could be to integrate this intervention into early rehabilitation. Furthermore, we hope that the investigation of perioperative ischemia by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging will improve our understanding of neurobiological factors influencing the course of postoperative cognitive plasticity.

scholarly journals Advance care planning for patients with advanced illnesses attending hospital outpatient clinics study: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e023107
Author(s):  
Joel Rhee ◽  
Anne Meller ◽  
Karolina Krysinska ◽  
Peter Gonski ◽  
Vasi Naganathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Outpatient Clinics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Advance Care ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Unplanned Hospital Admissions

IntroductionIt is unclear whether advance care planning (ACP) undertaken with patients living in the community can improve patient care and avoid unwanted interventions and hospital admissions. We have designed a randomised controlled trial (RCT) to examine if ACP undertaken with patients with advanced illnesses attending hospital outpatient clinics can reduce unplanned hospital admissions and improve patient and caregiver well-being.Methods and analysisPragmatic RCT involving patients from subspecialty outpatient clinics at five clinical sites in Sydney, Australia. Participants will be ≥18 years screened as potentially having palliative care needs and at risk of dying in 6–12 months. The patients will be randomised to intervention or control group. Intervention group will undertake ACP discussions facilitated by a trained health professional. The control group will receive written information on ACP, representing the current standard of care. The primary outcome is the number of unplanned hospital admissions at the 6-month follow-up. Secondary outcomes include: (i) patient’s health-related quality-of-life and quality of chronic disease care; (ii) caregiver’s health-related quality-of-life and caregiver burden and (iii) other health outcomes including ambulance usage, emergency department presentations, hospital admissions, resuscitation attempts, intensive care unit admissions, deaths, documentation of patient wishes in patient records and audit of ACP discussions and documents. The staff’s self-reported attitudes and knowledge of ACP will also be measured. The data will be collected using self-report questionnaires, hospital records audit, audit of ACP documentation and data linkage analysis. Semistructured interviews and focus group discussions with patients, caregivers and healthcare professionals will explore the acceptability and feasibility of the intervention.Ethics and disseminationApproved by South-East Sydney Local Health District Human Research Ethics Committee and NSW Population and Health Services Research Ethics Committee. Results will be disseminated via conference presentations, journal publications, seminars and invited talks.Trial registration numberACTRN12617000280303.

scholarly journals Improvements in health-related quality of life and function in middle-aged women with chronic diseases of lifestyle after participating in a non-pharmacological intervention programme: A pragmatic randomised controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roline Y. Barnes ◽  
Jennifer Jelsma ◽  
Romy Parker
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Background: Musculoskeletal diseases consume a large amount of health and social resources and are a major cause of disability in both low- and high-income countries. In addition, patients frequently present with co-morbid chronic diseases of lifestyle. The area of musculoskeletal disease is restricted by a lack of epidemiological knowledge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.Objectives: This pragmatic randomised controlled trial assessed the benefits of a 6-week physiotherapy intervention for middle-aged women with musculoskeletal conditions compared to usual care.Method: A weekly 2-h educational programme utilising a workbook, discussion group and exercise class was presented for the intervention group, while the control group received usual care. The primary outcome was health-related quality of life. Parametric and non-parametric data were used to determine the equivalence between the groups.Results: Twenty-two participants were randomised to the intervention and 20 to the control group. The control group demonstrated no within-group improvement in health-related quality of life items, compared to significant improvements in two items in the intervention group. The change in median utility score within the intervention group was twice as large as the change in the control group. With regard to self-efficacy, the intervention group demonstrated significant within-group changes in perceived management of fatigue and discomfort.Conclusion: The positive impact of the intervention on the participants suggests that the programme should continue at the clinic in question, but should be presented at a more convenient time for participants who work, as recruitment to the study was less than anticipated. Primary health care systems in South Africa urgently need to put structures in place for effective management of the functional impact of chronic diseases of lifestyle and musculoskeletal conditions. It is time for physiotherapists and possibly other health care professionals to participate in the development of appropriate community level interventions to address the functioning and quality of life of individuals living with the diseases.

Effect of a Diabetes Self-Efficacy Enhancing Program on Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 293-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cherry Chay Lee Tan ◽  
Karis Kin Fong Cheng ◽  
Siew Wai Hwang ◽  
Ning Zhang ◽  
Eleanor Holroyd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Service Usage ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

This randomized controlled trial examined the effect of a diabetes self-efficacy enhancing program (DSEEP) on older adults with type 2 diabetes. The 8-week DSEEP consisted of a guidebook on diabetes self-care, a 1-day workshop, and fortnightly follow-up telephone calls. In total, 113 participants (56 in intervention group and 57 in control group) completed the study. Data were collected at baseline and at 8 weeks from the baseline. Outcome measures included self-efficacy, diabetes self-care activities, health-related quality of life, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and unplanned health care service usage. Compared with participants in the control group, those who received DSEEP had significantly higher increase in self-efficacy and diabetes self-care activities, lower HbA1c, and lesser unplanned health service usage. However, there was no significant difference in health-related quality of life between the two groups. The DSEEP increased self-efficacy, which successfully enhanced self-care activities and reduced HbA1c.

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