scholarly journals Molecular Speciation of Size Fractionated Particulate Water-Soluble Organic Carbon by Two-Dimensional Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1334
Author(s):  
Marie-Cecile Chalbot ◽  
Salma Siddiqui ◽  
Ilias G. Kavouras
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Water Soluble Organic Carbon ◽  
Soluble Organic Carbon

Particulate matter is associated with increased morbidity and mortality; its effects depend on particle size and chemical content. It is important to understand the composition and resultant toxicological profile of particulate organic compounds, the largest and most complex fraction of particulate matter. The objective of the study was to delineate the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectral fingerprint of the biologically relevant water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) fraction of size fractionated urban aerosol. A combination of one and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy methods was used. The size distribution of particle mass, water-soluble extract, non-exchangeable organic hydrogen functional types and specific biomarkers such as levoglucosan, methane sulfonate, ammonium and saccharides indicated the contribution of fresh and aged wood burning emissions, anthropogenic and biogenic secondary aerosol for fine particles as well as primary traffic exhausts and pollen for large particles. Humic-like macromolecules in the fine particle size range included branched carbon structures containing aromatic, olefinic, keto and nitrile groups and terminal carboxylic and hydroxyl groups such as terpenoid-like polycarboxylic acids and polyols. Our study show that 2D-NMR spectroscopy can be applied to study the chemical composition of size fractionated aerosols.

scholarly journals Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Characterization of Water Soluble Organic Carbon of Atmospheric Aerosol Types

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1984997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Cecile G. Chalbot ◽  
Ilias G. Kavouras
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Atmospheric Aerosol ◽  
Road Dust ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Water Soluble Organic Carbon ◽  
Soluble Organic Carbon ◽  
Aerosol Sources

The water soluble organic carbon of the prevalent atmospheric aerosol sources (traffic exhausts, paved road dust, agricultural soil, native soil, wood combustion, epicuticular waxes from pine and broad-leaved trees, and pollen) has been characterized using 1H (1-dimensional), 1H-1H-correlation spectroscopy and 1H-13C-heteronuclear single quantum correlation 2-dimensional (2D) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Traffic exhaust particles were mainly constituted of primary alcohols, carbohydrates, functionalized olefins, C3 and C4 oxy- and hydroxyl-carboxylic acids, and short-chain alkanes. Road dust was a mixture of soil particles and traffic components. Agricultural, natural, road dust, and traffic particles contained broad signals that were attributed to poly-carboxylic compounds typically found in humic compounds and humic-like substances. Traces of traffic particles (ie, peaks in the 7.3-7.5 ppm [phthalic acid derivatives] and signals found in the 0.5-3 ppm originating from functionalized carboxylic acids) were also found in natural soil dust. Long-chain (>C3) fatty acids and amino acids were found in road dust, natural soil, pine trees waxes, pollen, and woodburning. The aromatic region mainly constituted of lignin derivatives and cellulose/hemicellulose pyrolysis products (signals in 2D-NMR) in woodburning. Primary biogenic and woodburning particles were uniquely clustered as compared to traffic exhausts, road, agricultural, and natural dust based on the relative ratio of hydro-oxygenated functional groups (H-C-O and H-C-C=O) to the sum of aliphatics. Overall, source-specific NMR spectrometric fingerprints, functional composition profiles, and several organic compounds were identified allowing for the reconciliation of ambient organic aerosol sources including the degree of atmospheric aging.

Insights into the Origin of Water Soluble Organic Carbon in Atmospheric Fine Particulate Matter

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 1099-1107 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Snyder ◽  
Andrew P. Rutter ◽  
Ryan Collins ◽  
Chris Worley ◽  
James J. Schauer
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Water Soluble Organic Carbon ◽  
Soluble Organic Carbon

scholarly journals Measurements of Oxidative Potential of Particulate Matter at Belgrade Tunnel; Comparison of BPEAnit, DTT and DCFH Assays

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (24) ◽  
pp. 4906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja V. Jovanovic ◽  
Jasmina Z. Savic ◽  
Farhad Salimi ◽  
Svetlana Stevanovic ◽  
Reece A. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Molecular Probes ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Oxidative Potential ◽  
Water Soluble Organic Carbon ◽  
Soluble Organic Carbon ◽  
Pm2.5 And Pm10

To estimate the oxidative potential (OP) of particulate matter (PM), two commonly used cell-free, molecular probes were applied: dithiothreitol (DTT) and dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA), and their performance was compared with 9,10-bis (phenylethynyl) anthracene-nitroxide (BPEAnit). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in which the performance of the DTT and DCFH has been compared with the BPEAnit probe. The average concentrations of PM, organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) for fine (PM2.5) and coarse (PM10) particles were determined. The results were 44.8 ± 13.7, 9.8 ± 5.1 and 9.3 ± 4.8 µg·m−3 for PM2.5 and 75.5 ± 25.1, 16.3 ± 8.7 and 11.8 ± 5.3 µg·m−3 for PM10, respectively, for PM, OC and EC. The water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) fraction accounted for 42 ± 14% and 28 ± 9% of organic carbon in PM2.5 and PM10, respectively. The average volume normalized OP values for the three assays depended on both the sampling periods and the PM fractions. The OPBPEAnit had its peak at 2 p.m.; in the afternoon, it was three times higher compared to the morning and late afternoon values. The DCFH and BPEAnit results were correlated (r = 0.64), while there was no good agreement between the BPEAnit and the DTT (r = 0.14). The total organic content of PM does not necessarily represent oxidative capacity and it shows varying correlation with the OP. With respect to the two PM fractions studied, the OP was mostly associated with smaller particles.

scholarly journals Water-soluble organic carbon aerosols during a full New Delhi winter: Isotope-based source apportionment and optical properties

2014 ◽  
Vol 119 (6) ◽  
pp. 3476-3485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena N. Kirillova ◽  
August Andersson ◽  
Suresh Tiwari ◽  
Atul Kumar Srivastava ◽  
Deewan Singh Bisht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Source Apportionment ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Water Soluble Organic Carbon ◽  
Soluble Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Aerosols
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document