scholarly journals Tannery Wastewater Recalcitrant Compounds Foster the Selection of Fungi in Non-Sterile Conditions: A Pilot Scale Long-Term Test

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6348
Author(s):  
Francesco Spennati ◽  
Salvatore La China ◽  
Giovanna Siracusa ◽  
Simona Di Gregorio ◽  
Alessandra Bardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Packed Bed Reactor ◽  
Tannery Wastewater ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Quebracho Tannin ◽  
Entire Experiment ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

This study demonstrated that a microbial community dominated by fungi can be selected and maintained in the long-term under non-sterile conditions, in a pilot-scale packed-bed reactor fed with tannery wastewater. During the start-up phase, the reactor, filled with 0.6 m3 of polyurethane foam cubes, was inoculated with a pure culture of Aspergillus tubingensis and Quebracho tannin, a recalcitrant compound widely used by tannery industry, was used as sole carbon source in the feeding. During the start-up, fungi grew attached as biofilm in carriers that filled the packed-bed reactor. Subsequently, the reactor was tested for the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) from an exhaust tanning bath collected from tanneries. The entire experiment lasted 121 days and average removals of 29% and 23% of COD and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from the tannins bath were achieved, respectively. The evolution of the microbial consortium (bacteria and fungi) was described through biomolecular analyses along the experiment and also developed as a function of the size of the support media.

scholarly journals Post-treatment of tannery wastewater using pilot scale horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetlands (polishing)

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 988-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadesse Alemu ◽  
Andualem Mekonnen ◽  
Seyoum Leta
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Tannery Wastewater ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
Horizontal Subsurface Flow ◽  
Pollutants Removal

Abstract In the present study, a pilot scale horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland (CW) system planted with Phragmites karka; longitudinal profile was studied. The wetland was fed with tannery wastewater, pretreated in a two-stage anaerobic digester followed by a sequence batch reactor. Samples from each CW were taken and analyzed using standard methods. The removal efficiency of the CW system in terms of biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), Cr and total coliforms were 91.3%, 90%, 97.3% and 99%, respectively. The removal efficiency for TN, NO3− and NH4+-N were 77.7%, 66.3% and 67.7%, respectively. Similarly, the removal efficiency of SO42−, S2− and total suspended solids (TSS) were 71.8%, 88.7% and 81.2%, respectively. The concentration of COD, BOD, TN, NO3−N, NH4+-N, SO42 and S2− in the final treated effluent were 113.2 ± 52, 56 ± 18, 49.3 ± 13, 22.75 ± 20, 17.1 ± 6.75, 88 ± 120 and 0.4 ± 0.44 mg/L, respectively. Pollutants removal was decreased in the first 12 m and increased along the CW cells. P. karka development in the first cell of CW was poor, small in size and experiencing chlorosis, but clogging was higher in this area due to high organic matter settling, causing a partial surface flow. The performance of the pilot CW as a tertiary treatment showed that the effluent meets the permissible discharge standards.

Performance of a pilot-scale packed bed reactor for perchlorate reduction using a sulfur oxidizing bacterial consortium

2011 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 637-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amber R. Boles ◽  
Teresa Conneely ◽  
Robert McKeever ◽  
Paul Nixon ◽  
Klaus R. Nüsslein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Packed Bed ◽  
Bacterial Consortium ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Packed Bed Reactor ◽  
Perchlorate Reduction ◽  
Sulfur Oxidizing

Treatment of winery wastewaters in a membrane submerged bioreactor

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Artiga ◽  
M. Carballa ◽  
J.M. Garrido ◽  
R. Méndez
Keyword(s):  
Tap Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biomass Concentration ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
White Wine ◽  
Hollow Fibre ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Start Up

Wine production is seasonal, and thus the wastewater flow and its chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations greatly vary during the vintage and non-vintage periods, as well as being dependant on the winemaking technologies used, e.g. red, white or special wines production. Due to this seasonal high variability in terms of organic matter load, the use of membrane biological reactors (MBR) could be suitable for the treatment of such wastewaters. MBR offers several benefits, such as rapid start up, good effluent quality, low footprint area, absence of voluminous secondary settler and its operation is not affected by the settling properties of the sludge. A pilot scale hollow fibre MBR system of 220 L was fed by adequately diluting white wine with tap water, simulating wastewaters generated in wineries. The COD in the influent ranged between 1,000 and 4,000 mg/L. In less than 10 days after the start up, the system showed a good COD removal efficiency. The COD elimination percentage was always higher than 97% regardless of the organic loading rate (OLR) applied (0.5–2.2 kg COD/m3 d), with COD concentrations in the effluent ranging between 20 and 100 mg/L. Although the biomass concentration in the reactor increased from 0.5 to 8.6 g VSS/L, the suspended solids concentration in the effluent was negligible. Apparent biomass yield was estimated in 0.14 g VSS/g COD.

Environmental performance of an integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) reactor treating actual municipal wastewater during start-up phase

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (10) ◽  
pp. 1840-1850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitin Kumar Singh ◽  
Absar Ahmad Kazmi ◽  
Markus Starkl
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Present System ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Fixed Film

The present study summarizes the start-up performance and lessons learned during the start-up and optimization of a pilot-scale plant employing integrated fixed film activated sludge (IFAS) process treating actual municipal wastewater. A comprehensive start-up was tailored and implemented to cater for all the challenges and problems associated with start-up. After attaining desired suspended biomass (2,000–3,000 mg/L) and sludge age (∼7 days), the average biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removals were observed as 77.3 and 70.9%, respectively, at optimized conditions, i.e. hydraulic retention time (HRT), 6.9 h; return sludge rate, 160%. The influent concentrations of COD, BOD, total suspended solids, NH3-N, total nitrogen and total phosphorus were found to be in the range of 157–476 mg/L, 115–283 mg/L, 152–428 mg/L, 23.2–49.3 mg/L, 30.1–52 mg/L and 3.6–7.8 mg/L, respectively, and the minimum effluent concentrations were achieved as ∼49 mg/L, 23 mg/L, 35 mg/L, 2.2 mg/L, 3.4 mg/L and 2.8 mg/L, respectively, at optimum state. The present system was found effective in the removal of pathogenic bacteria (Escherichia coli, 79%; Salmonella spp., 97.5%; Shigella spp., 92.9%) as well as coliforms (total coliforms, 97.65%; faecal coliforms, 80.35%) without any disinfection unit. Moreover it was observed that the time required for the stabilization of the plant was approximately 3 weeks if other parameters (sludge age, HRT and dissolved oxygen) are set to optimized values.

Sequencing batch reactor treatment of tannery wastewater for carbon and nitrogen removal

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 219-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Murat ◽  
E. Atesş Genceli ◽  
R. Tasşli ◽  
N. Artan ◽  
D. Orhon
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Tannery Wastewater ◽  
Tannery Effluent ◽  
Industrial District ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Evaluation Of System Performance

The paper evaluates the organic carbon and nitrogen removal performance of the sequencing batch reactor (SBR), technology for tannery wastewater. For this purpose, a pilot-scale SBR was installed on site to treat the plain-settled tannery effluent. The study involved wastewater characterization, start-up and operation of the reactor for carbon and nitrogen removal and model evaluation of system performance. Its removal efficiency was compared with that of the existing continuous-flow activated sludge system providing full treatment to wastewater from the Istanbul Tannery Organized Industrial District.

scholarly journals Long-Term continuous culture of hepatocytes in a packed-bed reactor utilizing porous resin

1994 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
pp. 635-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirotoshi Miyoshi ◽  
Kennichi Yanagi ◽  
Norio Ohshima ◽  
Hideki Fukuda
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Culture ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Packed Bed Reactor ◽  
Porous Resin ◽  
Culture Of Hepatocytes
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