scholarly journals The Gender-Specific Relationship between Nutritional Status, Physical Activity and Functional Mobility in Irish Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8427
Author(s):  
Maeve Lorraine O’Connell ◽  
Tara Coppinger ◽  
Seán Lacey ◽  
Tijana Arsenic ◽  
Aoife Louise McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Specific Relationship ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Gender Specific

Research suggests that both nutrition and physical activity can protect mobility in older adults, but it is yet to be determined whether these relationships are affected by gender. Thus, we investigated the gender-specific relationship between nutritional status, physical activity level and functional mobility in Irish older adults. A cross-sectional study was undertaken in 176 community-dwelling older adults (73.6 ± 6.61 years) living in Cork, Ireland. Nutritional status was measured using the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) and physical activity was assessed via the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE). Functional mobility was measured using the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. The gender-stratified relationship between variables was assessed using Pearson’s correlations and multiple linear regression. Partial correlations (p < 0.05) were observed for TUG with PASE score in both genders, and with MNA-SF score in females, only. Multiple regression showed that physical activity was a predictor of TUG in both genders (β = 0.257 for males, β = 0.209 for females, p < 0.05), while nutritional status was a predictor of TUG in females, only (β = −0.168, p = 0.030). Our results suggest that physical activity is associated with functional mobility in both genders, while the relationship between nutritional status and mobility may be specific to older females. These findings may be of interest for the design of functional preservation strategies.

scholarly journals Physical Activity Level Following Resistance Training in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Receiving Home Care: Results from a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6682
Author(s):  
Hilde Bremseth Bårdstu ◽  
Vidar Andersen ◽  
Marius Steiro Fimland ◽  
Lene Aasdahl ◽  
Hilde Lohne-Seiler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cluster Randomized ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Older adults’ physical activity (PA) is low. We examined whether eight months of resistance training increased PA level in community-dwelling older adults receiving home care. A two-armed cluster-randomized trial using parallel groups was conducted. The included participants were >70 years and received home care. The resistance training group performed resistance training using body weight, elastic bands, and water canes twice per week for eight months. The control group was informed about the national PA guidelines and received motivational talks. The ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer was used to estimate PA. Outcomes included total PA (counts per minute), sedentary behavior (min/day), light PA (min/day), moderate-to-vigorous PA (min/day), and steps (mean/day). Between-group differences were analyzed using multilevel linear mixed models. Twelve clusters were randomized to either resistance training (7 clusters, 60 participants) or the control group (5 clusters, 44 participants). A total of 101 participants (median age 86.0 (interquartile range 80–90) years) had valid accelerometer data and were included in the analysis. There were no statistically significant between-group differences for any of the PA outcomes after four or eight months. This study offers no evidence of increased PA level following resistance training in older adults with home care.

scholarly journals Changes in Objectively Measured Lifestyle Factors During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Ataka ◽  
Noriyuki Kimura ◽  
Atsuko Eguchi ◽  
Etsuro Matsubara
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background: In this manuscript, we aimed at investigating whether objectively measured lifestyle factors, including walking steps, sedentary time, amount of unforced physical activity, level of slight and energetic physical activity, conversation time, and sleep parameters altered before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among community-dwelling older adults.Methods: Data were obtained from a prospective cohort study conducted from 2015 to 2019 and a subsequent dementia prevention study undertaken in September 2020. Community-dwelling adults aged ≥65 years wore wearable sensors before and during the pandemic.Results: A total of 56 adults were enrolled in this study. The mean age was 74.2±3.9 years, and 58.9% (n=33) of the participants were female. The moderate and vigorous physical activity time significantly decreased and sedentary time significantly increased during the pandemic. Conclusions: This is the first study to demonstrate differences in objectively assessed lifestyle factors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among community-dwelling older adults. The findings show that the pandemic has adversely affected physical activity among older adults living on their own in Japan.

Gait Speed, Quality of Life, and Sedentary Time are Associated with Steps per Day in Community-Dwelling Older Adults with Osteoporosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ing-Mari Dohrn ◽  
Maria Hagströmer ◽  
Mai-Lis Hellénius ◽  
Agneta Ståhle
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Balance Performance ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Aim:To describe objectively-measured physical activity levels and patterns among community-dwelling older adults with osteoporosis, impaired balance, and fear of falling, and to explore the associations with gait, balance performance, falls self-efficacy, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL).Methods:Ninety-four individuals (75.6 ± 5.4 years) were included. Physical activity was assessed with pedometers and accelerometers. Mean steps/day, dichotomized into < 5,000 or = 5,000 steps/day, and time spent in different physical activity intensities were analyzed. Gait was assessed with a GAITRite walkway, balance performance was assessed with the modified figure-eight test and oneleg stance, falls self-efficacy was assessed with the Falls Efficacy Scale International, and HRQoL was assessed with Short Form-36.Results:Mean steps/day were 6,201 (991–17,156) and 40% reported < 5,000 steps/day. Participants with < 5,000 steps/day spent more time sedentary, had slower gait speed, poorer balance performance, and lower HRQoL than participants with ≥ 5,000 steps/day. No participants with < 5,000 met the recommended level of physical activity.

Use of Clinical and Impairment-Based Tests to Predict Falls by Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 328-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lois K Boulgarides ◽  
Susan M McGinty ◽  
Jayne A Willett ◽  
Carole W Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Balance Tests ◽  
Speed Accuracy ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background and Purpose. Few tests have been found to be strongly predictive of falls in community-dwelling older adults. The purpose of this study was to determine whether data from 5 balance tests—combined with data regarding fall history, number of medications, dizziness, visual problems, use of an assistive device, physical activity level, sex, and age—could predict falls in community-dwelling older adults who were independent. Subjects. Ninety-nine community-dwelling older adults aged 65 to 90 years (X̄= 74.02, SD=5.64) were tested. Methods. Subjects were tracked for falls over a 1-year period following testing. Impairment-based tests, which are tests that attempt to specifically identify which sensory systems are impaired or how motor control is impaired (eg, speed, accuracy of movement), were the Modified Clinical Tests of Sensory Interaction for Balance (Modified CTSIB) and the 100% Limits of Stability Test, both of which were done on the Balance Master 6.1. Performance-based tests, which are functional tests that identify functional limitations without necessarily identifying their causes, were the Berg Balance Scale, the Timed “Up & Go” Test, and the Dynamic Gait Index. Demographic and health data included age, sex, number of medications, physical activity level, presence of dizziness, vision problems, and history of falls over the previous year. Logistic regression was used to determine which combinations of data from balance tests, demographics, and health factors were predictive of falls. Results. Two models—(1) the “standing on a firm surface with eyes closed” (FEC) condition of the Modified CTSIB and (2) the FEC combined with age and sex—were predictive of falls, but predicted only 1 and 2 subjects who were at risk for falling, respectively, out of 20 people who were at risk for falling. Discussion and Conclusion. Five balance tests combined with health and demographic factors did not predict falls in a sample of community-dwelling older adults who were active and independent.

scholarly journals MODIFICATION OF THE MNA-SF FOR COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS AT RISK OF MALNUTRITION

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
I. Nakamura ◽  
T. Yoshida ◽  
H. Kumagai
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Nutritional Risk Index ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Objectives: The Mini-Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF) may be insufficient for screening and assessing the nutritional status of community-dwelling older adults. We modified MNA-SF to improve the ability for discriminating those at risk of malnutrition. Setting and participants: 123 community-dwelling elderly Japanese. Methods: Nutritional status was examined by the subjective global assessment (SGA), the geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) and MNA-SF. The reference standard for the diagnosis of “at risk of malnutrition” was composed from the SGA and GNRI. Specific factors associated with malnutrition in community-dwelling older adults were extracted from a literature survey and classified by a principal component analysis. A new 8-item MNA-home was constructed by adding two items from these components to the MNA-SF and compared with the MNA-SF by applying a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: Among the various potential MNA-home scores, the ROC curve revealed that the MNA-SF plus two items, namely an inability to prepare own meals and no motivation to go out, produced the largest area under the curve (AUC), this value being greater than that from the MNA-SF. The score of MNA-home was significantly correlated with serum albumin and hemoglobin, although the score of MNA-SF was not. The cutoff value for predicting at risk of malnutrition was <14 in the MNA-home. Conclusion: The new MNA-home had a better discriminating ability than the MNA-SF to identify those at risk of malnutrition in community-dwelling older adults. A subsequent long-term study is necessary to validate this MNA-home for correctly discriminating community-dwelling older adults at risk of malnutrition.

The Mediating Effects of Resilience, Morale, and Sense of Coherence Between Physical Activity and Perceived Physical/Mental Health Among Japanese Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 544-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroko Kukihara ◽  
Niwako Yamawaki ◽  
Michiyo Ando ◽  
Yoshiko Tamura ◽  
Kumi Arita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Mediating Effects ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this study was to examine the mediating effects of resilience, morale, and sense of coherence on the relationship between physical activity and respondents’ perceived physical/mental health and depression among community-dwelling older adults in Japan. The study included 369 participants with an average age of 74 years from Kasuishimohara District in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan. They completed a survey that included the Resilience Scale, the Sense of Coherence Scale, the Medical Outcomes Short Form 8, the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale, the Geriatric Depression Scale (Short Form), and a demographic questionnaire. The results of the path mediation analyses revealed that resilience and morale fully mediated the relationship between physical activity and perceived physical/mental health and depression. However, sense of coherence was not a significant mediator. Some intervention programs are suggested to maximize the effects of physical activity on one’s well-being. At-risk populations who need such programs are also discussed.

Physical Activity Level and Risk of Falling in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wuber J.S. Soares ◽  
Alexandre D. Lopes ◽  
Eduardo Nogueira ◽  
Victor Candido ◽  
Suzana A. de Moraes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Risk Of Falling ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

scholarly journals Physical activity level, fear of falling and quality of life: a comparison between community-dwelling and assisted-living older adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Olusanjo Akosile ◽  
Charles Kenechukwu Igwemmadu ◽  
Emmanuel Chiebuka Okoye ◽  
Adesola Christiana Odole ◽  
Ukamaka Gloria Mgbeojedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Assisted Living ◽  
Fear Of Falling ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background Physical activity (PA), fear of falling (FOF) and quality of life (QOL) are very important constructs in geriatrics. The interplay among these constructs may vary between community-dwelling and assisted-living older adults. However, studies comparing the wellbeing of community-dwelling older adults with those residing in the assisted-living facilities (ALFs) are rather rare especially from developing countries. This study was aimed at comparing PA, FOF and QOL between assisted-living and community-dwelling older adults and also determining the correlations amongst the constructs for each group. Methods This cross-sectional survey involved consecutively sampled 114 older adults (≥65 years, ambulant and well-oriented in time, place and person) residing in conveniently selected ALFs (11.3% males) and adjoining communities (54.1% males). PA, FOF and QOL were evaluated using the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly, the Modified Fall Efficacy Scale and the Short-form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire respectively. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics, analysis of covariance and Spearman rank-order correlation test at 0.05 level of significance. Results Participants from the ALFs had significantly lower domain and overall PA (F=5.6–103.34; p< 0.05) and QOL (F=11.12–118.05; p< 0,05) scores than community-dwelling groups. FOF was significantly more prevalent in assisted-living group (p< 0.05). There were significant positive correlations (p< 0.05) between each pair of PA, FOF and QOL for both assisted-living and community-dwelling groups. Conclusions Older adults in the ALFs had lower PA and QOL scores with higher prevalence of FOF than their community-dwelling counterparts. Significant relationships existed between PA, FOF and QOL for participants in either group. Present results may be suggesting that ageing in place ensures better health outcomes than institutionalised ageing. Whenever possible, older adults should therefore be encouraged to age in place rather than moving into ALFs.

scholarly journals Association Between Moderate Physical Activity Level and Subsequent Frailty Incidence Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Population-Based Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjing Zhao ◽  
Shigekazu Ukawa ◽  
Sachiko Sasaki ◽  
Emiko Okada ◽  
Tomoko Kishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Walking Time

Abstract Background The evidence concerning longitudinal association between physical activity (PA) and frailty is scarce, and variation in the scales, tools, or modules of PA made it challenging to obtain consistent results. This association among the individules who reached an older age where age-related cumulative chronic diseases and physical function declines were common, was unclear. Our study aimed to demonstrate the association between PA and frailty incidence among Japanese community-dwelling older adults with narrow age range of 70–74 years. Mothods: About 485 participants aged 70–74 years from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study were included in this study. Frailty was assessed at baseline and 3 years later by using the Kaigo-Yobo Checklist. PA was assessed using the short-term International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Logistic regression was performed to calculate relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) after adjusting for potential confounders. Results After a 3-year follow-up, 46 new frailty cases were recorded. The association of frailty incidence with both PA volume and daily walking time presented a U-shaped curve, albeit statistically insignificant. After adjusting for potential confounders, walking for 0.5–1 h/d displayed a greater association with decreased frailty risk (OR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.12–0.98) than higher levels of daily walking time. No association between PA volume and subsequent frailty was observed. Conclusions Incorporating moderate regular walking levels of 0.5–1 h/d in older adults may delay the onset of frailty and improve the aging process. Further studies are needed to investigate the effect of higher PA levels on frailty risk.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document