scholarly journals Changes in Objectively Measured Lifestyle Factors During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Ataka ◽  
Noriyuki Kimura ◽  
Atsuko Eguchi ◽  
Etsuro Matsubara
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background: In this manuscript, we aimed at investigating whether objectively measured lifestyle factors, including walking steps, sedentary time, amount of unforced physical activity, level of slight and energetic physical activity, conversation time, and sleep parameters altered before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among community-dwelling older adults.Methods: Data were obtained from a prospective cohort study conducted from 2015 to 2019 and a subsequent dementia prevention study undertaken in September 2020. Community-dwelling adults aged ≥65 years wore wearable sensors before and during the pandemic.Results: A total of 56 adults were enrolled in this study. The mean age was 74.2±3.9 years, and 58.9% (n=33) of the participants were female. The moderate and vigorous physical activity time significantly decreased and sedentary time significantly increased during the pandemic. Conclusions: This is the first study to demonstrate differences in objectively assessed lifestyle factors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among community-dwelling older adults. The findings show that the pandemic has adversely affected physical activity among older adults living on their own in Japan.

scholarly journals Physical Activity Level Following Resistance Training in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Receiving Home Care: Results from a Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 6682
Author(s):  
Hilde Bremseth Bårdstu ◽  
Vidar Andersen ◽  
Marius Steiro Fimland ◽  
Lene Aasdahl ◽  
Hilde Lohne-Seiler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cluster Randomized ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Older adults’ physical activity (PA) is low. We examined whether eight months of resistance training increased PA level in community-dwelling older adults receiving home care. A two-armed cluster-randomized trial using parallel groups was conducted. The included participants were >70 years and received home care. The resistance training group performed resistance training using body weight, elastic bands, and water canes twice per week for eight months. The control group was informed about the national PA guidelines and received motivational talks. The ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer was used to estimate PA. Outcomes included total PA (counts per minute), sedentary behavior (min/day), light PA (min/day), moderate-to-vigorous PA (min/day), and steps (mean/day). Between-group differences were analyzed using multilevel linear mixed models. Twelve clusters were randomized to either resistance training (7 clusters, 60 participants) or the control group (5 clusters, 44 participants). A total of 101 participants (median age 86.0 (interquartile range 80–90) years) had valid accelerometer data and were included in the analysis. There were no statistically significant between-group differences for any of the PA outcomes after four or eight months. This study offers no evidence of increased PA level following resistance training in older adults with home care.

scholarly journals Associations of Objective Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior with Frailty in Community-dwelling Older Adults: A Mini-review

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Si Chen ◽  
Tao Chen ◽  
Shuzo Kumagai ◽  
Hyuntae Park
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Sedentary Bouts ◽  
Objectively Measured ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Objectively Measured Physical Activity

PURPOSE: This review aimed to evaluate the relationship between objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behavior and frailty in community-dwelling older adults.METHODS: An electronic search was undertaken using the MEDLINE® databases from January 1st 2010 to December 31st 2019. Titles, abstracts, and full texts of the studies identified by the search were scrutinized by the author to determine eligibility for an inclusion in this review.RESULTS: The search identified 87 relevant articles resulted, of which eight studies from four cohorts met the inclusion requirements. Almost all the studies reported a significantly negative association between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and frailty, while only one was a longitudinal study. Significant associations between sedentary time (ST) and higher severity of frailty were observed, however, the findings of associations of sedentary bouts were mixed.IMPLICATION: Higher amounts of ST and lower amounts of MVPA were associated with a higher prevalence of frailty or worse frailty levels. Replacing ST with MVPA may offset the detrimental consequences of ST on frailty. More longitudinal studies and quantitative researches are needed to investigate the association of MVPA and ST bouts with frailty.

scholarly journals The Gender-Specific Relationship between Nutritional Status, Physical Activity and Functional Mobility in Irish Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8427
Author(s):  
Maeve Lorraine O’Connell ◽  
Tara Coppinger ◽  
Seán Lacey ◽  
Tijana Arsenic ◽  
Aoife Louise McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Specific Relationship ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Gender Specific

Research suggests that both nutrition and physical activity can protect mobility in older adults, but it is yet to be determined whether these relationships are affected by gender. Thus, we investigated the gender-specific relationship between nutritional status, physical activity level and functional mobility in Irish older adults. A cross-sectional study was undertaken in 176 community-dwelling older adults (73.6 ± 6.61 years) living in Cork, Ireland. Nutritional status was measured using the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF) and physical activity was assessed via the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE). Functional mobility was measured using the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. The gender-stratified relationship between variables was assessed using Pearson’s correlations and multiple linear regression. Partial correlations (p < 0.05) were observed for TUG with PASE score in both genders, and with MNA-SF score in females, only. Multiple regression showed that physical activity was a predictor of TUG in both genders (β = 0.257 for males, β = 0.209 for females, p < 0.05), while nutritional status was a predictor of TUG in females, only (β = −0.168, p = 0.030). Our results suggest that physical activity is associated with functional mobility in both genders, while the relationship between nutritional status and mobility may be specific to older females. These findings may be of interest for the design of functional preservation strategies.

The Potential Win-win Strategy for Healthy Aging and Environmental Protection: Environmental Volunteering

2021 ◽  
pp. 089011712110555
Author(s):  
Chung-Shan Hung ◽  
Ching-Hui Loh ◽  
Jyh-Gang Hsieh ◽  
Jia-Ching Chen ◽  
Yan-Wei Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Muscle Testing ◽  
Environmental Volunteering ◽  
Intensive Group

Purpose To explore the physical activity level of community environmental volunteering (CEV) participants and the differences in physical functions and daily activity patterns between the older adults who engaged in intensive CEV (≥15 hours/week) and non-intensive CEV (<15 hours/week) groups. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Three recycling stations in Taiwan. Sample In total, 113 community-dwelling older adults who regularly participated in CEV. The response rate was 53%. Measures The ActiGraph wGT3x-BT accelerometer for the percentage of sedentary, light, and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) of CEV time and awaken time; the Jamar hand dynamometer for grip strength; and the MicroFET3 muscle testing dynamometer for knee extension strength. Analysis Analysis of covariance with the baseline characteristics as covariates. Results Overall, MVPA, light, and sedentary activities accounted for 53.73%, 41.10%, and 5.23% of CEV time, respectively. The intensive group (n = 61) displayed greater dominant handgrip strength ( P = .004) and higher MVPA percentage in daily life ( P = .044) than the non-intensive group (n = 52). Conclusion CEV provides sufficient opportunities for older adults to perform physical activity. Intensive CEV is related to greater handgrip strength but not lower limb strength. Further study is needed to establish the causal relationship between CEV and health variates.

Abstract 31: Higher Levels of Light Intensity Physical Activity and Lower Sedentary Time are Associated With a Lower Risk of All-cause Mortality in Older Adults: The Framingham Heart Study

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joowon Lee ◽  
Nicole L Spartano ◽  
Ramachandran S Vasan ◽  
Vanessa Xanthakis
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Introduction: Habitual physical activity (PA) and less sedentary behavior have been associated with a lower risk of mortality in middle-aged adults. However, little is known about the associations of objectively-assessed PA of varying levels and sedentary time with mortality in community-dwelling older adults. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that higher overall PA and less sedentary time will be associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality in older adults. Methods: We evaluated 1,262 Framingham Offspring Study participants (mean age 69 yrs, 54% women) with accelerometry-derived PA data (wear time ≥10 hours/day for at least 4 days using an Actical device) at their ninth examination (2011-2014). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to relate PA and sedentary time (separate model for each) with all-cause mortality adjusting for potential confounders. In sensitivity analysis to mitigate the potential impact of frailty on the associations evaluated, we excluded those with frailty at baseline. Results: Overall, 67 participants died during a median follow-up of 4.8 years (25 th -75 th percentiles: 4.3 - 5.3 [years]). Higher total PA, light intensity PA (LIPA), adherence to PA guidelines, and lower sedentary time were associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality ( Table ). The results remained statistically significant even after excluding those with frailty. Higher LIPA and lower sedentary time were associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality regardless of MVPA in both models including all participants and excluding those with frailty. Conclusions: In our investigation of a moderate-size sample of community-dwelling older adults, we confirmed that being physically active substantially lowered mortality risk. Additionally, our findings suggest that reducing sedentary time and increasing LIPA (regardless of MVPA) may be sufficient to reduce mortality risk in older adults. Additional studies of larger multi-ethnic samples of older adults are warranted to confirm our findings.

Use of Clinical and Impairment-Based Tests to Predict Falls by Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 328-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lois K Boulgarides ◽  
Susan M McGinty ◽  
Jayne A Willett ◽  
Carole W Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Balance Tests ◽  
Speed Accuracy ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background and Purpose. Few tests have been found to be strongly predictive of falls in community-dwelling older adults. The purpose of this study was to determine whether data from 5 balance tests—combined with data regarding fall history, number of medications, dizziness, visual problems, use of an assistive device, physical activity level, sex, and age—could predict falls in community-dwelling older adults who were independent. Subjects. Ninety-nine community-dwelling older adults aged 65 to 90 years (X̄= 74.02, SD=5.64) were tested. Methods. Subjects were tracked for falls over a 1-year period following testing. Impairment-based tests, which are tests that attempt to specifically identify which sensory systems are impaired or how motor control is impaired (eg, speed, accuracy of movement), were the Modified Clinical Tests of Sensory Interaction for Balance (Modified CTSIB) and the 100% Limits of Stability Test, both of which were done on the Balance Master 6.1. Performance-based tests, which are functional tests that identify functional limitations without necessarily identifying their causes, were the Berg Balance Scale, the Timed “Up & Go” Test, and the Dynamic Gait Index. Demographic and health data included age, sex, number of medications, physical activity level, presence of dizziness, vision problems, and history of falls over the previous year. Logistic regression was used to determine which combinations of data from balance tests, demographics, and health factors were predictive of falls. Results. Two models—(1) the “standing on a firm surface with eyes closed” (FEC) condition of the Modified CTSIB and (2) the FEC combined with age and sex—were predictive of falls, but predicted only 1 and 2 subjects who were at risk for falling, respectively, out of 20 people who were at risk for falling. Discussion and Conclusion. Five balance tests combined with health and demographic factors did not predict falls in a sample of community-dwelling older adults who were active and independent.

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